compact and conical appearance. The branches grow each from a sort of protuberance on the main trunk of the tree; especially the larger and lower branches. I have never observed cones. Nothing is known of the history of the tree; but, from its position, it is probable that it was planted at the same time as those in its neighbourhood, several of which are common spruce and silver fir, and are of much greater size: perhaps 70 ft. or 80 ft. high.'

"The specimens sent to us by His Lordship were considered by Mr. Frost and Mr. Gordon, who have attended in a particular manner to the Abiétinæ, to belong to A. álba, or A. nigra, rather than to the common spruce. We have subsequently received specimens from Harewood House, which we have distributed among the nurserymen, under the name of A. e. stricta. The gardener at Harewood has never observed any cones on the tree; which induces us to consider it as a kind of monstrosity, like the last variety mentioned, and A. e. Clanbrasiliana; the species being prone to produce extraordinary varieties of this kind."

Page 2310. Before "Statistics," introduce:

Diseases, Fungi, &c. In the Magazine of Natural History is a commu

nication from the Rev. W. B. Clarke, A.M., from which it appears that the barnacles (Lèpas anatífera) are found on the wood of the spruce fir, as well as on that of the oak. In February, 1834, part of the branch of a spruce fir, with the bark on, was picked up in Poole Harbour, completely covered with barnacles. In fig. 2541., A shows a portion of this wood, much perforated with the Terèdo; B, the Lèpas, with young individuals growing upon the older. c shows the animal exposed by the removal of the

upper lower valve; a, the under lower valve; b, the body of lobes, that of each supporting a pair of ciliated tentacula or feet; c, the double interior tubes. D shows a single pair of ciliated feet, magnified; a, one of the two strong joints below the bifurcation. The fir branch is supposed to have been two or three

years in the water, as the wood was become soft and pulpy; and it had evidently been perforated by the Teredo (as some shells of these creatures were found in the thickest part of the branch), before the barnacles took possession of it. Barnacles are also found attached to other kinds of wood, particularly to logs of mahogany, which from any accident have become adrift. The fungi on the A'bies are: Agaricus adhærens A. et S., A. pristöìdes Fr.; A. splachnoides Horne, and A. pérforans Hoffm., on the leaves; 4. Albertini Fr., A. aceròsus Fr., Merùlius umbrìnus Fr., Polyporus borealis Fr., P. frágilis Fr., P. seriàlis Fr., P. stereöìdes Fr., P. benzoinus Wahl., P. odoràtus Fr., P. ròseus Fr., P. unìtus Pers., P. violàceus Fr., Hýdnum gelatinòsum Scop.; H. coralloides Scop., also on beech; H. minùtum Schum., H. bícolor A. et S., H. Agárdhë Fr., Í'rpex spathulatus Fr., Thelephora conchàta Fr., T. abiétina Pers., T. umbrina A. et S., T. stérilis Fr., Clavària apiculàta Fr., Calócera furcata Fr., Pezìza ollàris Fr., P. sulfuràta Fr., P. pygmæ'a Fr., P. cærulea Bolt., P. pilòsa Schum., P. ácuum Fr., P. poriöides A. et S., P. lutéscens A. et S.; P. versifórmis Pers., and P. conígena Pers., and b., on cones; P. resina Fr., P. lignyòta Fr., Sàrea difformis Fr., Bulgària nigrìta Fr., Cenangìum ferruginòsum Fr., Stictis chrysophæ'a Fr., Exídia saccharina Fr., Scleròtium cárneum Fr., Sphæ`ria Kúnzei Fr., S. de órmis Fr.; S. strigòsa Fr., also on pine; S. resìnæ Fr.; S. sapínea Fr., also, but smaller, on the pine; Strígula abiétina Fr., Phacídium Pinástri Fr., P. abiétinum Schm., Hysterium elátinum Pers., Actídium hysteriöìdes Fr., Didérma stellare Schrad., D. minùtum Fl. Dan., Didýmium tigrìnum Schrad., Phýsarum fúlvum Fr., Stemonìtis pùmila Fr., S. physaröìdes A. et S., Dictýdium ambiguum Schrad., D. microcarpum Schrad., D. venòsum Schrad., Cribrària macrocarpa Schrad., C. fúlva Schrad., C. pyrifórmis Fr.; C. argillacea Pers., also on pine; C. rubiginòsa Pers., C. purpùrea Fr., C. intricata Fr., C. aurantiaca Fr., C. tenélla Fr., Arcýria nùtans Fr., A. umbrìna Schum., Tríchia serótina Schrad.; Perichæ'na strobilìna Fr., also on pine; P. incarnata Fr., Licea cylindrica Fr., L. fragifórmis, Fr., L. variábilis Schrad., Chætòmium pusillum Fr., Apiospòrium Abìetis Kz., Isària cálva Fr., A'nthina canofúsca Fr., Ceratium porioides A. et S., Stílbum smaragdinum A. et S., Sporócybe resinæ Fr."

Page 2310. line 42., insert, before "In Stirlingshire :" "At Dupplin Castle it is 107 ft. high, with a trunk 3 ft. in diameter."

Abies Smithiana. 2318. 1. 12., for " diameter," read "circumference."
A. cephalónica. 2325. Throughout the whole of this article, for "General
Napier," read " Major-General C. J. Napier."

2328. 1. 18., after "Lady Bunbury," add: " who was then residing in Devonshire with another brother, Major-General G. T. Napier, now Governor of the Cape of Good Hope."

grow

Picea. 2329., after the paragraph headed “Description,” add:· "Remarks. In addition to the specific differences already given in p. 2105., Professor Link (who calls this genus A'bies) points out the following differences in the leaves, between it and the spruce fir:-'The leaves do not together, but are single, and have the usual form of single leaves; the midrib being only visible on the under side, and the upper side having a furrow down the centre of the leaf. They are flat, and in two or more rows. In many species, they are divided at the point. They are also of a very dark green above, and have generally two strips of white on the under side, one on each side of the midrib, which is not the case with the spruce.' (Abhand., &c., p. 181.)

"The Highland Society, in their list of premiums for 1838, offer a medal for the best account of the disease which has of late years attacked the stem, larger branches, and occasionally the twigs, of the silver fir, somewhat resembling the well-known rot of the larch; with suggestions founded on experience, for checking the progress of the malady, or for preventing it. We had not before heard of this disease."

Picea pectinata. 2332. 1. 24. from the bottom, add: "At Studley Park is a

beautiful tree (fig. 2542.), 96 ft. high; diameter of the trunk 3 ft. 6 in., and of the head 50 ft." Page 2333., add to the paragraph headed " Geography:""Professor Link observes that this species never essentially constitutes a whole forest, but is always found mixed with the spruce fir, and other species of Abiétinæ. (Ibid., p. 182.)"

2337. Add to" Accidents, Diseases, &c.:" "The fungi found on this species are: Hýdnum Hóll Schmidt, Theléphora Mougeòtü Fr., Peziza Picea Pers., P. pithya Pers., P. elátina, Cenangìum chloréllum Fr., Cypélla digitalis Fr., Sphæronèma acrospermum Fr., Hysterium nervisèquium Dec., Antennària pinóphila Nees.-M. J. B."

Picea religiosa. 2349., add to "Engravings:" "and our fig. 2543., from the drawing, of the natural size, of a cone of this species in the Berlin herbarium, kindly forwarded to us by M. Otto."

Larix europa a. 2387., add to the paragraph headed "Canker:" "We have been confirmed in this conjecture by the editor of the Quarterly Journal, Henry Stephens, Esq., who informs us that this disease is named from the rising of the bark like a blister, followed by a copious discharge from it of the resinous sap of the tree; the whole tree afterwards becoming short and dry, like a cork. Mr. Stephens also mentions the disease described in p. 2387., by Mr. Munro, as resembling the canker in apple trees, and says it' appears like an ichorous discharge around the setting on of the lower branches, in

consequence of which the branches snap short off the trunk.'H. S. Redbrae Cottage, Edinburgh, March 2. 1838."

L. americana. Varieties. Pages 2400. and 2401., substitute the sign of a deciduous tree for that of an evergreen one, for all the varieties.

Cedrus Libani. 2413. 1. 14. from the bottom,

after the words "the old cedar in front of
Quenby Hall," add: "see our fig. 2544."
Add to the end of the paragraph: "In a
letter from Evelyn to Pepys, when the lat-
ter was at Tangier, is the following pas-
sage: Mr. Sheeres will remember the poor
gardener, if he happen on any kernels or
seeds of such trees and plants, especially
evergreens, as grow about those precincts.
Were it not possible to discover whether

2544

any of those citrine trees are yet to be found, that of old grew about the foote of Mount Atlas, not far from Tingis? Now, for that some copies in Pliny reade cedria, others citria, 'twould be enquired what sort of cedar (if any) grows about that mountaine.' (Mem. and Corr. of Pepys, v. p. 105.) It is remarkable that the cedar has since been found on Mount Atlas."

C. Deodara. 2431., add to the first paragraph: "In the very interesting review of Moorcroft's Travels in Ladakh, Kashmir, Bokhara, &c., in the Quarterly Review for January, 1838, an account is given of the excursion of Captain Johnstone, in August, 1827, to penetrate the Himalaya to the sources of the Jumna, and thence to the confines of Chinese Tartary. They traced the course of the river up to Jumnotree. Cursola, a small village in the very heart of the chasm, is described as an isolated cluster of about 25 houses, 9000 ft. above the sea, with three or four small temples, having excellent roofs of carved deodar wood. The glen from this village to Jumnotree was gloomy, and the peaks were completely hidden by forests of the gigantic deodar. The Brooang Pass was only accessible over a bed of snow; and, on their descent from it on the northern side, they measured a deodar cedar, and found it 33 ft. in circumference, and from 60 ft. to 70 ft. high, without a branch. (Quart. Rev., vol. lxi. No. 121. p. 105.) On the mountains that enclose the valleys of Kashmir, Moorcroft tells us, are immense forests of deodars; the timber of which is extensively used in their temples, mosques, and buildings in general. Such, says Moorcroft, is its durability, that in none of the 384 columns of the great mosque of Jana Musjid was there any vestige of decay, either from exposure or insects, although they had been erected above a century and a half. Most of the bridges are of this timber; and some pieces in one were found very little decayed, though they had been exposed to the action of the water for 400 years. (Ibid., p. 118.)"

Araucaria excélsa. 2443. 1. 6., add, after full stop: "A tree at Laxenburg, near Vienna, Baron Jacquin informs us, is one of the finest and most picturesque specimens of this species that can be seen."

1. 7., for "Araucària imbricata," read " Araucaria excélsa."

A. Cunninghamii. 2443., add to list of Engravings: "Our fig. 2545. shows the female cone, and a sprig bearing male cones, to our usual scale; and a young male cone, the point of a shoot, and the leaves on an old branch, of the natural size."

Dámmara austràlis. 2449. 1. 54., for "In 1837," read "In December,

1837."

1. 56., after "a pale green tinge," add: "In the London and Edinburgh Philosophical Magazine for March, 1838, p. 249., is an article on 'the Kouri, or Cowdee, Resin, by J. Prideaux, Member of the Plymouth Institution.' In this, it is stated that some cargoes of kouri timber

had arrived at Plymouth, for the use of the dockyard there, which were found fully to sustain the high reputation the wood had previously attained. Mr. Yate, in his Account of New Zealand, &c., describes the tree as affording trunks from 85 ft. to 95 ft. long without a branch, and sometimes 12 ft. in diameter; yielding a log of heart timber 11 ft. in diameter. One which he measured, and which was perfectly sound, was 40 ft. 11 in. in circumference. The wood has the appearance of deal, works well under the plane, and smells strongly of resin. The general appearance of the tree in its native forests is most remarkable; the small size and great number of its leaves giving it somewhat the appearance of a box tree. The resin, which is too hard to be scratched by the nail, was found by Mr. Prideaux to be very inflammable, and to burn away with a clear bright flame, but not to drop. On attempting to melt it, it was found to froth and swell, giving out water and aromatic oil, and becoming transparent, but not liquid. After