504 Remarks on the Repairs of Westminster Abbey. pearance of the tomb itself, could preserve it from one of the most wanton and ridiculous degradations which the hands of innovators have ever inflicted upon the remains of antiquity; it has been painted black, and now literally looks like a fire-place, and will no doubt be shewn for one in a few years. The altar-tomb and effigy of the Duchess of York, in St. Nicholas's Chapel, have suffered severely; all the sharp lines and angles have been destroyed, and every ornamental part mutilated; it now exhibits a complete picture of decay, as, indeed, all which have been washed whose material was not marble do; this would not have happened if the dust had been removed with a brush, as the wellknown softness of the stone of which ancient monuments are in general formed, renders them liable to destruction and mutilation if too roughly handled. The iron rails which surrounded the tomb of Edward the First, ́and which had an original bust of that monarch, have been taken away, making this plain tomb look still more mean than it did before. If these repairers had collected the remains of monuments which are scattered in different parts of the Church, and restored them to their original places, instead of suffering them to lay about as rubbish, they would have performed a laudable work, and the term "restoration" might then have been used with propriety. Among these remains are the effigy of a lady of James's time on the monument of Bp. Dudley, part of a twisted pillar of the shrine of St. Edward, great remains of the magnificent though defaced monuments on the North side of the altar, and many others. The stone coffin still lays on the tomb of Abbot Fascet, as it has done for years. Why have not the restorers removed it to a more appropriate situation? surely the Abbey Church is not so much straitened for room as to render it necessary to pile one monument upon another, like stones in a mason's yard! From the monuments I turn to the - Church, and here I must remark that little has been done to embellish, much to deface it. The Choir decorations (a burlesque on pointed architecture), are replaced, and the Coronation pulpit, divested of its finery, remains; great part of the beautiful mosaic pavement of the altar is hid by flooring, and the [June, rest by carpets; and the centre of the Choir is occupied by seats for certain young gentlemen in plain clothes, who formerly set nearer the altar. An open space in the centre of the Choir of a Cathedral Church has hitherto been held indispensible, and I believe this is the first instance of such a space being filled up with benchesan arrangement very inconsistent with the Cathedral service still heard from the stalls. The Antiquary views the progress of innovation with alarm, which if not timely arrested, may degrade this noble Church in a mere private Chapel. The nave is entirely shut up, and rendered useless; and the Poet's Corner, with one of the entrances from the Cloister, are the only doors reserved for the congrega tion, so that it will be seen that the largest proportion of the Church is rendered, by these new-fangled regulations, of no manner of use. In the spandrils of the blank arches, in the North transept and elsewhere on that side of the Church, are carved some very curious specimens of sculpture coeval with the foundation of the Abbey by Henry III. In order to set off the modern monumental lumber, the walls and pillars of the Abbey have been covered with a bluish composition, more particularly glaring in the Western aile of the North transept, which appears as if it had been smeared over with mud-this operation of course has not improved the sculptures, on the contrary they now present an appearance of mutilation and decay much to be regretted. However careful these restorers may have been in washing the faces of musical cherubs and whimpering genii, they certainly deserve no credit for defacing specimens of ancient carving, so curious and ancient as the present were. Here, Mr. Urban, I close my remarks; enough, I trust, has been said to shew that these restorations do not on the whole reflect very great credit on those who have superintended them. The altar screen is not yet restored; but it is, I understand, in contemplation to do so, as also to let into view the tombs at the sides of it, once more to" make a glorious appearance from the altar." If this is accomplished in a proper manner, it will add greatly to the beauty of the choir; but taking the restorations already done, as a sample for those in anticipation, the Antiquary, 1822.] Instances of Sagacity in the Brute Creation. Antiquary, I fear, must only view this Mr. URBAN, June 4. NEXTders of natural organization, TEXT to the reason of man in the is the condition of the intellectual power as modified in the instincts of Brutes. A friend lately returned from India, who is too veracious to take advantage of the traveller's privilege! assures me that he has seen Elephants employed to pile wood, who have, after adding heap to heap, drawn back and placed themselves in a situation to see if they have kept a perpendicular line and preserved a just level in their work, and have then corrected any perceptible defect in one or the other. The same person has seen two Elephants employed to roll barrells to a distance; one has kept them in motion, while the other has been prepared with a stone in its trunk to stop their progress at the required spot. The common tricks taught to the young Elephants which are exhibited in this country for public entertainment, show a capacity of intellect far beyond the measure of the ordinary power in the brute creation. Every different animal is endowed by nature with that peculiar sense which is adapted to his peculiar wants, and when we remark a refinement in this gift raising the brute I might almost say above the level of his condition, on the scale of creation, we cannot resist the full tide of admiration that bursts in upon us, and overwhelms the heart with sentiments of praise and rever ence. Brutes always follow where instinct leads, and in so doing never err against nature. Man spoils or defies the power of reason, and falls into irretrievable difficulties. Hence it has been lightly observed by some that instinct is in truth the better gift;-but where then are the hopes which reason perceives of better things? and where the promise of immortality? But to pursue my proposed plan, allow me to relate in plain and familiar GENT. MAG. June, 1822. 505 terms, some other instances of sagacity in the brute creation, which have fallen within my own observation, or have been related to me by persons of unquestionable veracity. When I was last in London, only a few days since, I saw a dog of a mean character and very ordinary description, something of the old turnspit breed, harnessed in the usual manner beneath a small baker's cart, using his best strength, and seeming to delight in his office in drawing a heavy bur then for his indolent master, who ran whistling by the side, guiding the machine, and preventing an occasional overthrow that might have been otherwise expected. The man stopped to serve his customers; the harness was so contrived that the dog immediately extricated himself from his trammels, and ran to and fro barking loudly, and appearing, as I conceived, to rejoice in his unexpected liberty. The baker's business ended; he whistled shrilly; the dog instantly left his companions, with whom he was engaged at a distance,-threw his head into the collar, introduced his body into the harness most ingeniously, without the least assistance, and went to work with evident pleasure. I had the curiosity to follow, and saw this creature do the same thing repeatedly. He received occasionally a few caresses and a crust as a recompence and encouragement, and was always ready and willing at his master's call. When a boy at Harrow School, I had myself a dog of very superior abilities; one of his great merits, in the opinion of our sporting companions, was the manner in which he attempted and always succeeded in drawing a badger from his tub or dew. I have seen him advance with his tail foremost, and his body slightly curved close to the nose of his intended victim, and then as the poor beast would vindicate his domestic rights, and begin to fight for his home, on the first attack, turn rapidly round, seize fast on the neck or the ear of the enemy, and in an instant draw him into light. Although of the smaller kind of terrier, he was so fleet of foot, that he constantly outran a small pack of rabbit beagles, with which we were occasionally used to relax, after the severer studies of Homer and Longinus. Every art was tried to retard his progress, but to 504 Remarks on the Repairs of Westminster Abbey. rest by carpets; and the er June, ondon,aps, some n without a hing himself er, as was at Journey up to week at the St. se, and another at fles's, and then rethe most perfect nonthe most easy familiarity another short interval ke a visit to his old mask, remain just so long as posed to do so, and come with a saucy countenance, solutely seemed to speak good and independence. an arrangem pearance of the tomb itself, could preserve it from one of the most wanton and ridiculous degradations which the hands of innovators have ever inflicted upon the remains of antiquity; it has been painted black, and now literally looks like a fire-place, and will no doubt be shewn for one in a few years. The altar-tomb and effigy of the Duchess of York, in St. Nicholas's Chapel, have suffered severely; all the sharp lines and angles have been destroyed, and every ornamental part mutilated; it now exhibits a complete picture of decay, as, indeed, all which have been washed whose material was not marble do; this would not have happened if the dust had been removed with a brush, as the wellknown softness of the stone of which ancient monuments are in general formed, renders them liable to destruction and mutilation if too roughl handled. The iron rails which s rounded the tomb of Edward the Fi ́and which had an original bust of monarch, have been taken making this plain tomb look sti' mean than it did before. If these repairers had coll remains of monuments V scattered in different par Church, and restored the original places, instead them to lay about as r would have performed a and the term "resto then have been used Among these remains a lady of James's tim ment of Bp. Dudley, pillar of the shrin great remains of the defaced monuments of the altar, and stone coffin still 1: Abbot Fascet, as Why have not th to a more approp the Abbey Ch straitened for necessary to pi another, like st From the m - Church, and little has been to deface it. (a burlesque are replaced, divested of i part of the of the altar i shu th e THE pred of Winches- vicinity of London. It is, therefore, west to sell the Epis- of this Palace, and thus to preserve its ter has had as Act of Parlia- our intention to give a brief account Per Chebes, belonging to to of Winster Agreeably ale prosses of this Act, his Lord form and structure, when every vestige of it shall be totally destroyed. Before we enter upon a descrip since disposed of the Palace tion of the building, it may be amusthe Trustees of the Lords of the lative to the means by which this premises for six thousand pounds, ing to recite a few particulars reIt is said to be the intention of the See of Winchester, and to relate a few Tristers to apply for another Act of biographical anecdotes of those illus house came into the possession of the Parliament to coable them to build on the adjoining glebe land, and to form a new street from Cheyne-walk to the King's Private Road. At one time it was trious prelates who have successively resided within its walls. The antient Palace of the Bishops of Winchester in Southwark, having reported that been greatly dilapidated during the with an intention of converting them passed in the year 1663, to empower Government had taken the premises Civil Wars, an Act of Parliament was this venerable edifice, it must excite wark, and for other purposes, as is exinto an hospital for sick soldiers: what- George Morley, Bishop of Winchesever may be the final destination of ter, to lease out the houses in Southmind every antient fabrick in the Car. II. 5 July 1663, An Act to enaAntiga, to witness the gradual de- the following is the title:-"Anno 15 the net of the Architect as well as pressed at large in the Act; of which ble D. Account of Winchester Palace, Chelsea. Instances of Sagacity in the Brute Creation hester to lease on the I fear, must only view this terms, some other instances of saga- few days since, I saw a dog of a mean 505 .t, ea, 507 ing, to go to bed at eleven, and eat but once a day. By these rules, he preserved his health, with very little inrruption, through the course of a glife. He died October 29, 1684. Peter Mews was Fellow of St. John's College, Oxford, in the commencement of the civil war, when he left college, entered into the Royal Army, and was promoted to the rank of Captain; he served for some time, and then retired beyond sea. During the interregnum he took orders, and at the Restoration, as he was a zealous Royalist, preferment was heaped upon him. In February 1673, he was promoted to the See of Bath and Wells, whence he was translated to Winchester. He died Nov. 9, 1706. e of manor sidence and to be By the Act e diocese of inchester is of as never changed st foundation. The ellors of the See of Prelates of the most the Garter; which ofin them by Edward III. foundation of that noble has continued with them . They were reputed an> be Earls of Southampton, so sty led in the Statutes of the , made by Henry VIII. ne Bishops since the Restoration King Charles II. were: that the dog immediately self from his trammels, barking loudly, and ved, to rejoice in The baker's shrilly; Jonathan Trelawny was a younger son of Sir J. Trelawny of Petynt, Cornwall; but his elder brother dying in 1680, he inherited the title of Baronet. He was educated at Christ Church, Oxford, where is his portrait. He was in succession Bishop of Bristol, Exeter, and Winchester; a man of polite manners, competent learning, and uncommon knowledge of the world; a true son and friend of the Church, and exerted himself with courage and alacrity, with magnanimity and address, in defence of her just rights and privileges. He was friendly, open, generous, and charitable, a good companion, and a good man. He died July 19, 1721. 62. George Morley, Bishop of Wor cester. 1684. Peter Mews, Bishop of Bath and Wells. 1707. Sir Jonathan Trelawny, bart. Bishop of Exeter. 1721. Charles Trimnell, Bishop of Norwich. 1723. Richard Willis, Bishop of Salisbury. 1734. Benjamin Hoadly, Bishop of Salisbury. 1761., John Thomas, Bishop of Salisbury. Charles Trimnell, son of the Rev. Charles Trimnell, Rector of Ripton Abbott, Huntingdonshire, was educated at Oxford. He was consecrated Bishop of Norwich, Feb. 23, 1707; was Clerk of the Closet to George I. and translated to the See of Winchester in August 1721. His Lordship, naturally of a weak constitution, did not long survive his last promotion. He died at Farnham Palace, August 15, 1723. This prelate was a steady partizan of the Revolution, which he strenuously defended with his pen; warın, yet temperate; zealous, yet moderate; his piety did not prevent him from gaining a perfect knowledge of mankind; nor did his assiduous performance of the clerical duties interfere with the most perfect elegance of manners. 1781. Hon. Brownlow North, Bishop. of Worcester. 1820. George Tomline, Bishop of Lin coln. 1821. The Palace sold for 6000l. George Morley, Chaplain to Charles I. was a polite scholar, and an eminent divine. After the death of the King, he retired to the Hague, where he attended on Charles II. On the Restoration, he was made Dean of Christ Church, and the same year, Bishop of Worcester, whence he was translated to Winchester. His constant practice was to rise at five o'clock in the morn Richard Willis, Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, was promoted to the Deanery of Lincoln by King William, and in 1714 was consecrated Bishop of Gloucester, translated to Salisbury 506 Sagacity of Dogs.-Winchester Palace. to no purpose; as a last resource, a light clog was affixed to his collar, which, as he ran, becoming entangled between his legs, gave him many an awkward somerset, and prevented his too rapid course; but this was only successful for a time; he soon perceived how to overcome this impediment; he would stop short the moment the game was started, take up the pendent clog in his mouth, and then as usual outstrip all his companions in the chace. We had a dog at Cambridge, the property of my friend M. who chose what Terms he would keep, and lived just as much of a college life as pleased himself, and no more; he knew his master's home in Suffolk, and his ordi [June, nary places of resort in London,would remain with us, perhaps, some ten days or more, and then without a companion, without attaching himself to any occasional traveller, as was at first supposed, would journey up to London,-pass one week at the St. James's Coffee House, and another at the Prince of Wales's, and then return to us with the most perfect nonchalance, and the most easy familiarity possible. After another short interval he would make a visit to his old master in Suffolk, remain just so long as he felt disposed to do so, and come back to us with a saucy countenance, which absolutely seemed to speak good humour and independence. D. THE present Bishop of Winchesof parisment to enable him to sell the Episcopal Palace at Chelsea, belonging to the See of Winchester. Agreeably to the provisions of this Act, his Lordship has since disposed of the Palace and premises for six thousand pounds, to the Trustees of the Lords of the Manor. It is said to be the intention of the Trustees to apply for another Act of Parliament to enable them to build on the adjoining glebe land, and to form a new street from Cheyne-walk to the King's Private Road. At one time it was reported that Government had taken the premises with an intention of converting them into an hospital for sick soldiers: whatever may be the final destination of this venerable edifice, it must excite the regret of the Architect as well as Antiquary, to witness the gradual demolition of every antient fabrick in the vicinity of London. It is, therefore, our intention to give a brief account of this Palace, and thus to preserve its form and structure, when every vestige of it shall be totally destroyed. Before we enter upon a description of the building, it may be amusing to recite a few particulars relative to the means by which this house came into the possession of the See of Winchester, and to relate a few biographical anecdotes of those illustrious prelates who have successively resided within its walls. The antient Palace of the Bishops of Winchester in Southwark, having been greatly dilapidated during the Civil Wars, an Act of Parliament was passed in the year 1663, to empower George Morley, Bishop of Winchester, to lease out the houses in Southwark, and for other purposes, as is expressed at large in the Act; of which the following is the title:-"Anno 15 Car. II. 5 July 1663, An Act to ena ble |
