ford Haven. It was formerly surrounded by a wall, some parts of which are still visible. It carries on but little trade. In 1841, the town contained 8126 inhabitants. It unites with Tenby, Whiston, and Milford, in returning one M. P. On an eminence west of the town are the remains of a castle which ranks among the most splendid monuments of antiquity in South Wales. It was the birthplace of Henry VII., and is famous for the brave defence made by its garrison in favour of Charles I. The natural cavern called the Wogan lies immediately under the chapel, and opens with a wide mouth toward the sea. Pembroke gives the title of Earl to the Herbert family.

To the south of Pembroke is Orielton, the seat of Sir John Owen, Bart. M. P., and beyond it Stackpool Court, the elegant mansion of Lord Cawdor, placed on the west side of the pool on a fine eminence at the edge of a bold declivity. It bore originally a castellated form, and during the civil wars was garrisoned for the king. It came into the possession of the Cawdor family by marriage with Miss Lort, the heiress of this extensive domain. In the vicinity is Bosheston Mere, a remarkable cleft through which, during heavy gales from the south-west, the sea is forced up from beneath in a column 30 feet in height. A short distance east of Bosheston Mere is a curious hermitage called St Govan's chapel. Carew Castle, 4 miles from Pembroke, is well worthy of a visit. The road lies through rich and picturesque scenery. A little to the north a fine view of Milford may be obtained. A great part of Carew Castle is in a state of excellent preservation, and it ranks among the most beautiful and interesting ruins in the principality. It was one of the royal demesnes of the princes of South Wales, and with seven others, was given as a dowry with Nêst, daughter of Rhŷs ap Tew Dwr, to Gerald de Windsor, an ancestor of the Carew family. Henry VII. is said to have been entertained here in his progress to Bosworth Field. In 1664, it was garrisoned for the king, and held out a long siege. Half-a mile to the south-east of the castle is the church of St John the Baptist, a large and venerable structure. Within this parish are Melton House, W. Bowen, Esq.; Freestone Hall, J. Allen, Esq.; Wilsdon, G. Downe, Esq., on the site of which Cromwell took up his quarters when besieging Pembroke Castle.

The tourist is usually conveyed from Pembroke to Milford Haven in a boat. The entrance to the haven is remarkably fine, and the extent and smoothness of the water give it the appearance of a lake. The harbour is said to be one of the best in Europe, and is capable of holding all the navy of England in perfect security. At the upper end of the haven is MILFORD, a remarkable neat well built town. Its trade is small; steam-packets sail daily to Waterford. The church is a very elegant building, with stained glass windows and a lofty tower at the west end. The custom-house, quay, observatory, and hotel, also deserve notice. The scenery around Milford is very picturesqe. On a fork of land, formed by the confluence of the two givers Cleddy and Cleddeu, stands Rose Castle, an ancient seat of the Owens, and higher up on the estuary of the Cleddeu is Picton Castle, once the seat of Lord Milford, and now the residence of Sir R. B

P. Phillips, Bart. M. P. The ancient style of grandeur in which the mansion was built is somewhat incongruous with the modern alterations made on it. The castle commands a fine view towards Landshipping, where the two rivers meet, and jointly form Milford Haven. Close to Picton Castle is Llebeck, once an ancient commandery of the Knights of Jerusalem. It is now the property of Baron de Rutzen by marriage with the daughter and heiress of the late N. Phillips, Esq.

About 8 miles from Milford Haven is Haverfordwest. On the road is Stainton, where Sir W. Jones was a scholar.

HAVERFORDWEST,

a sea-port, market, and borough town, is beautifully situated on an eminence above the navigable river Cleddy. It was the capital of the possessions of the Flemings, granted to them in the time of William Ruffus and his son Henry. Its public buildings are three churches, a handsome guildhall, and the gaol, originally the keep of an ancient castle, an extensive fortress erected by Gilbert de Clare, first Earl of Pembroke. In the civil wars, this castle was garrisoned for the King. Haverfordwest unites with Fishguard and Narberth in returning 1 M.P. Population in 1841, 4601. From Haverfordwest to Pembroke by water is 15 miles, by the road 10, to Cardigan, 284. About 10 miles from Haverfordwest is Narberth, a small neat town, with the picturesque ruins of a castle. Population of parish, 2620. On the road to St David's, at the distance of about 6 miles, are the ruins of Roche Castle, commanding a most extensive view by sea and land. It sustained a siege against the Parliamentary forces during the civil wars.

ST DAVID'S,

sixteen miles from Haverfordwest, is an ancient but almost deserted city, though still exhibiting indications of past splendour in its ecclesiastical remains. The cathedral is a venerable Gothic structure, displaying much ornamental architecture. It contains a variety of ancient monuments, and the bishop's throne is of exquisite workmanship. Near the cathedral are the ruins of the Episcopal palace, formerly a magnificent building, founded by Bishop Gower in the fourteenth century, and a chapel, the only relic of St Mary's College, which was founded by John of Gaunt and Blanche, his wife. David, the national saint of Wales, with the consent of his nephew, King Arthur, is said to have removed the metropolitan see from Caerleon to Menevia, afterwards named St David's. He was the first of 26 Archbishops of Menevia, and died here about the year 1544, after he had filled the metropolitan chair of Wales for sixty years, and was interred in his own cathedral. About 500 years after his death, he was canonized by Pope Calixtus II. His successors exercised the archiepiscopal power down to the time of Bishop Bernard, (consecrated in 1115,) who, by command of Henry I. resigned this power to the see of Canterbury. St David's had once seven suf fragans included within its metropolitan pale, viz. Worcester, Hereford, Llan

daff, Bangor, St Asaph, Llanbadarn, and Margam. It has had a g ber of prelates than any other see in the kingdom, and has numbere bishops Bull, Lowth, Horsley, Burgess, &c. The shrine of St David's times, acquired the highest celebrity, and in the list of monarchs w] to it are to be included the names of William the Conqueror, Hen ward I., Eleanor, his Queen, &c. Population of parish, 2463. One from St David's is the shell of St Stephen's Chapel, commanding an view of Whitsand Bay, in which stand six dangerous rocks called the 1 his Clerks.

In

About 15 miles from St David's is Fishguard, situated on a bay of S Channel, forming an excellent harbour. In this and the adjoining extensive quarries of excellent slate. Population of parish, 2013. miles from Fishguard is Newport, where are the ruins of a castle. nity are several Druidical remains. About 10 miles from Newport is of Cardigan, one mile before which are the ruins of Dogmael's Priory. lage of Dogmael is a remarkably picturesque object.

CARDIGAN,

the county-town of Cardiganshire, is situated near the mouth of the carries on a considerable coasting trade. The principal buildings church, a venerable structure; the town hall; the gaol; and an ancien of seven arches. On a low cliff, at the foot of the bridge, are the ruir castle, once a strong fortress, but destroyed in the civil wars. A man been erected, by Mr Bowen, on the site of the keep, the dungeons o serve for cellars. Cardigan returns 1 M.P., and gives the title of Earl to mily of Brudenell. Population in 1841, 2925. The Tyvi is celebrated richness of its scenery, particularly between Cardigan and Kilgerran Cast From Cardigan to Haverfordwest is 26 miles, Narberth, 26, Newcast lyn, 10.

About 22 miles from Cardigan is Aberaeron, a neat little sea-port, plea situated at the mouth of the river Aeron, a stream celebrated for its trou salmon. The scenery of this vale is particularly beautiful. Sixteen miles Aberaeron is Aberystwith, whence the tourist may proceed by Machynlleth gelly, &c. See p. 113.