friend-A com. noun, mas. gen., sing. num., 3rd per., nom. case after the verb "was."

§ 2.—He knew him to be the man.

him-A pers. pron., mas. gen., sing. num., 3rd per., obj. case, governed by the trans. verb "knew."

to be-An irreg. intrans. verb, infin. mood, pres. tense, governed by the pron.

"him."

man-A com. noun, mas. gen., sing. num., obj. case after the verb "to be."

§ 3. He remained a soldier.

3rd per.,

He-A pers. pron., mas. gen., sing num., 3rd per., nom. case to the verb "remained."

remained-A reg. intrans. verb, indic. mood, past tense, sing. num., 3rd per., agreeing with its nom. "he."

soldier—A com. noun, mas. gen., sing. num., 3rd per., nom. case after the verb "remained."

§ 4. The senate appointed him dictator. appointed-A reg. trans. verb, active voice, indic. mood, past tense, sing. num., 3rd per., agreeing with its nom. 66 senate."

him-A pers. pron., mas. gen., sing. num., 3rd per., obj. case, governed by the trans. verb " арpointed."

dictator-A com. noun., mas. gen., sing. num., 3rd per., obj. case, in apposition with "him."

N.B.-" Dictator may also be called the factitive object, governed by the verb "appointed," or it may be called objective case after the verb to be understood.

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§ 5. He was appointed dictator by the senate. was-An aux. verb to "appointed," indicating passive voice, past tense.

appointed-A past part pl. from the trans. verb "to appoint," ref. to "he."

was appointed-A reg. trans. verb, passive voice, indic. mood, past tense, sing. num., 3rd per., agreeing with its nom. "he."

dictator-A com. noun, mas. gen., sing. num., 3rd per., nom. case after the verb " was appointed.'

"

N.B.-" Dictator" may also be called nom. case after the verb to be understood.

CHAPTER VI.

THE ADVERB.

§ 1.—I will come presently.

Presently-An adv. of time, mod. the verb "will come."

The Adverbs of time are: Now, to-day, to morrow, soon, yesterday, lately, immediately, daily, often, ever, never, then, early, when, awhile, long, already, before, again, hourly, weekly, monthly, yearly, fortnightly, formerly, presently, afterwards, betimes, ago, next, always, continuously, seldom, sometimes, generally, anew, afresh, anon, mostly, whilom, hereafter, thereafter.

§ 2. He went away.

away--An adv. of place, mod. the verb "went."

The adverbs of place are: Anywhere, elsewhere, downwards, aside, apart, ahead, ashore, aboard, within, without, behind, beneath, before, after, in, out, up, everywhere, nowhere, above, below, here, there, round, down, underneath, beyond, yonder, to, fro, forth, off, away, into, unto, hence, thence, hither, thither, upward, downward, around, backwards, sidewards, forwards, right, left, far, near, wide.

§ 3. He acted extremely well.

extremely-An adv. of quality (degree), mod. the adv. "well."

well-An adv. of quality (manner), mod. the verb "acted."

The adverbs of quality (manner) are: Thus, so, well, wisely, quickly, &c. In this class of adverbs are included nearly all those derived from adjectives, and ending in ly; as, firmly, badly, slowly, wonderfully, &c.

§ 4. He was very fat.

very—An adv. of quality (degree), mod. the adj. "fat."

The adverbs of degree are: Very, nearly, almost, too, scarcely, highly, only, quite, altogether, greatly, wholly, more, most, the more, the less, least, exceedingly, eminently, extremely, prodigiously, &c.

§ 5. He is much improved.

much-An adv. of measure, mod. the verb "is improved."

The adverbs of measure are:

Much, little, enough, abundantly, somewhat, partly, entirely, sufficiently, &c.

§ 6.—The servant was finally dismissed.

finally-An adv. of order, mod. the verb "was dismissed."

The adverbs of number and order are: Once, twice, thrice, firstly, secondly, finally, lastly, and half. § 7.—Certainly, I will.

Certainly-An adv. of mood (affirmation), mod. the verb "will."

The adverbs of mood (affirmation) are: Yes, certainly, truly, surely, absolutely, indeed, aye, really, yea.

§ 8.-I will not go.

not-An adv. of mood (negation), mod. the verb "will go."

The adverbs of mood (negation) are: No, not, nay.

§ 9. He will probably build the house.

probably-An adverb of mood (probability), mod. the verb "will build."

The adverbs of mood (probability and doubt) are Perhaps, mayhap, probably, possibly, perchance, likely, unlikely, improbably.

§ 10. Why, wherefore, when, where, and all similar words, which have the force of a relative, are conjunctions when used to join sentences; but when they are employed interrogatively they are adverbs; as, Why do you tarry?

Why-An interrog. adv., mod. the verb "tarry."

The adverbial phrases or compound adverbs are: At least, at present, by no means, at random, by and by, in future, now and then, not at all, of course, in case, of necessity, in general, at once, &c. These may all be classified under some of the preceding heads.

The adverb may, as a rule, be known by its being movable to any place in the sentence in which it is used. The only case in which it is not movable is when it modifies an adjective or another adverb.

Some words are classed both as adverbs and prepositions. If they govern an objective case expressed or understood, they are prepositions; if they do not, they are adverbs.