side, flat on the other, hairy the whole length, nearly as long as the calyx Woodw. Stem, leaves, calyx, and tubular parts of the florets thick set with very short, opaque, white, bristly hairs. Calyx within of a silvery white, the outer scales much shorter. Florets of the centre, segments reflexed: of the circumference six to eight, reflexed, with four or five faint longitudinal scores, and three or four teeth at the end. Blossom yellow. COMMON GOLDEN-ROD. WOUNDWORT. (Welsh: Eurwialen; Melyneuraidd. E.) S. Virga-aurea. Hort. Cliff. Woods, hedges, heaths, copses. P. Aug. Sept.+ Var. 3. Stem serpentine, unbranched; leaves spear-shaped; flowers in a spike-like terminating bunch. (Three to seven inches high; stem straight, unbranched; leaf-stalks as long as the spear-shaped leaves. These plants are so variable in size, and other more proper characteristics; that it is most difficult to determine species and varieties. E.) Welsh-golden-rod. (S. Cambrica. Huds. With. Hull. Ait. Willd. S. virgaurea y. Sm. E.) Pastures on the top of y Glyder Mountain, in Wales. Llwyd. Mountains about Llanberris, and on those of Yorkshire and Westmoreland. Hudson. Llyn y Cwm, near Snowdon. Pennant. On the rocky precipice on the summit of Ingleborough, to the northwest. Mr. Woodward. Near Kendal. Mr. Gough. (On rocks at Winch Bridge. Teesdale. Winch Guide. E.) P. July. S. LAPPONICA. Stem straight, unbranched: root-leaves egg-shaped, on bordered leaf-stalks: stem-leaves spear-shaped, sessile: flowers in a spike-like terminal cluster, axillary to the upper leaves. (The terminal wort, so frequently recurring in English compounds, is derived from the Saxon, being a general name for a herb in that language. E.) +(The abundance of blossoms which this plant yields during the autumn affords a feast for bees when other flowers fail. Golden-rod, which will flourish in poor soil, should be cultivated near to every apiary. T. T. 1817.-Though Curculio Asteris, as its name bespeaks, is usually connected with the Chinese Aster, its larvæ will be found feeding on our present plant, to which it appears to be partial. Vid. Curt. Brit. Entom. vol. i. pl. 45.-It was formerly esteemed as a vulnerary, tonie, and diuretic, especially serviceable in calculous complaints. Vid. Med. and Phys. Journ. vol. 19. and a case in Gent. Mag. 1788. Notwithstanding, however, even Gerard's authority and warm encomium, it has latterly fallen into comparative neglect. "In my practice," says that author, "it shall be placed in the foremost ranke: and, alluding to the high price the herb bore as a foreign production, till discovered growing near London, the same honest writer very justly remarks, (what may well be applied to various other occasions), "which plainly setteth foorth our inconstancie and sudden mutabilitie, esteeming no longer of any thing (how pretious soever it be) than whilest it is strange and rare. This verifieth our English proverbe, 'Far fetcht and deere bought, is best for ladies:' or rather for fantasticall physitions. Thus much I have spoken, to bring these new fangled fellowes backe againe to esteeme better of this admirable plant."-Dr. Molyneux has the following remark," Pulvis foliorum, aut florum, vel integræ herbæ exsiccatæ, et in nares attractus, sternutationes fortissimè excitat." what will the modern beau think of the commentary of another physician, who says, “I look upon common snuffing to be the meanest way of debauchery; hurting the eyes and ears, and shocking the senses, stuffing the stomach and lungs, and most practised by the most unpolite of men." Stirp. Hibern. E.) But PLATE XXXIII. About six inches high. Spike containing about ten flowers. Solidago, 306, Fl. Lapp. I am indebted to Dr. Afzelius for the information that this Lapland plant had been found in Scotland, and I have now a specimen before me from the mountains of Westmoreland. (On comparing the several kinds of Solidago, S. Lapponica seems still to maintain an independent character, and is remarkable for its unbranched stem, nearly straight, and root-leaves decidedly ovate or even orbicular, toothed, or bluntly crenate, and extending down the leaf-stalk, as we have endeavoured to represent in the annexed plate. E.) CINERARIA.* Recept. naked: Down hair-like: Calyx single, many-leaved, equal: (Seed quadrangular. E.) C. PALUSTRIS. Flowers in a corymb: leaves broad-spear-shaped, tooth-indented: stem woolly. E. Bot. 151-Fl. Dan. 573-Gmel. ii. 72-Dod. 52. 2-Lob. Ic. i. 347-Ger. Em. 483. 5-H. Ox. vii. 19. 24-Pet. 16. 6-Park. 126. 3. Stem one to three feet high, thick, hollow, angular, clammy, tomentose. Leaves varying extremely in form and manner of growth, clothed with the same woolliness as the stem, without order, sessile, or half embracing the stem, waved, sometimes barely toothed, those immediately beneath the corymb entire. Fruit-stalks branching, (tomentose. E.) Floralleaves awl-shaped, one on each fruit-stalk. Calyx, scales nearly equal, spear-shaped, woolly, membranous at the edge. Blossom pale yellow. Florets of the circumference oval, veined, with two or three teeth at the end, or entire; four lines long, with a short narrow tube. Florets of the centre somewhat shorter. Anthers somewhat longer than the blossom. Style in the perfect longer than the stamens; in the fertile as long as the tube. Seeds small, (furrowed. E.) Down white, as long as the tube of the blossom; rays few. Woodw. MARSH FLEA-WORT. Marshes in Lincolnshire. Fen-ditches about Var. 2. Leaves not jagged. R. Syn. 174. n. 3. Woodward. Var. 3. Less woolly than var. 1. Stem slender, about eighteen inches high. Leaves strap-spear-shaped, toothed, the lower about four inches long, the upper two and a half to one and a half, and not more than one-fourth wide, not so numerous as in var. 1. Flowers smaller. Fructification similar. Near Ramsay, Huntingdonshire. Mr. Woodward. C. INTEGRIFOLIA. Flowers in a terminal umbel, with an involucrum at its base: root-leaves inversely egg-shaped, upper ones lanceolate; all woolly, obscurely toothed. (From cineres, ashes; descriptive of the grey colour of its downy or woolly leaves and stem. E.) (Hook. Fl. Lond. 75. E.)—Jacq. Austr. 180-Fl. Dan. 1177—Allion. 38. 2 —E. Bot. 152-Relh. at p. 220-Jacq. Misc. i. 17. 4-Pet. 17. 4. Root fibrous. Root-leaves on leaf-stalks, spatula-shaped, obscurely toothed, cottony underneath; stem-leaves sessile, spear-shaped, cottony. Stem three to six inches high, simple, cottony, angular. Flowers one to four, yellow. Florets of the circumference ten to fifteen; of the centre numerous, prominent. Calyx furrowed, the edges membranous. Seeds hairy. Down simple. Relh. The size of this plant varies much, as also the number of its flowers. I have before me a specimen two inches and a half high, with only two flowers, and another sent by Mr. Relhan, nine inches high, with an umbel of eight flowers. The fruit-stalk of the central flower but half the length of the others. (Remarkable for the white downy substance with which the leaves and stems, and in some measure the calyx, is covered. Hook. E.) MOUNTAIN FLEA-WORT. C. campestris. Retz. (Willd. De Cand. Pers. Hoffm. Ait. Hook. C. integrifolia. With. Sibth. Relh. Sm. C. integrifolia B, palustris. Jacq. C. alpina. Huds. Relh. C. alpina y, integrifolia. Linn. E.) Hilly pastures. Gogmagog Hills, Newmarket Heath, and the Devil's Ditch. (Downs of Sussex. Mungewell, on Grimes Dike; and Burford Downs, Oxfordshire. Sibthorp. Near Basingstoke, and Andover. Hudson. Belhan, Isle of Wight; and Flower Down, near Winton. Pulteney. E.) P. May-June. (Var. 2. Maritima. From one to two feet high, or more: all the leaves, especially those of the stem, larger and smoother than those of the above, radical leaves sometimes widely toothed. Marine Flea-wort. Welsh: Chweinllys arfor. On declivities above the sea, at Porth y pistill, and Porth y felin, near Holyhead. Rev. Hugh Davies. E.) I'NULA.* Receptacle naked: Down hair-like: Anthers with two bristles at the base of each. I. HELENIUM. Leaves embracing the stem, egg-shaped, wrinkled, cottony beneath scales of the calyx egg-shaped, (leafy. E.) Woodv. 108-Kniph. 7-Blackw. 473-(E. Bot. 1546. E.)-Ludw. 59Dod. 344-Lob. Obs. 309. 1, Ic. i. 574. 2—Ger. Em. 793-H. Ox. vii. 24, row 3, fig. the last-Pet. 16. 1-Park. 654-Gars.-Ger. 649-Fl. Dan. 728-Matth. 71-Fuchs. 242-J. B. ii. a. 108-Trag. 170. Stem five or six feet high, branched towards the top, scored, cottony. Leaves, the lower on leaf-stalks, spear-shaped; the upper egg-spearshaped, serrated or toothed, deep green, slightly hairy above, whitish green and thickly cottony underneath. Flowers very large, solitary, terminating the stem and branches. Calyx, the outer egg-spear-shaped, like the leaves; the inner bluntly egg-shaped, cottony. Blossom yellow. Florets of the circumference one to one inch and a half long, with three pointed teeth at the end. Down shorter than the florets. Woodw. ELECAMPANE. (Irish: Meacan Eclin. Welsh: Marchalan; Llwyglys. E.) Moist meadows and pastures. In Essex, frequent; about St. Ive's, Cornwall; Bugden, Huntingdonshire; between Denbigh and St. Asaph. Hudson: (and near the ruin and well at Wigfair, the seat of John Lloyd, (For want of a more rational interpretation, supposed to be a corruption of λe, as fabled to have sprung from the tears of HELEN. E.) |