CHAPTER VI.

Buildings and Institutions connected with the Administration of Govern.

ment.—The Senate House.—Code in the handwriting of Catherine II.-

The Admiralty.-Buildings, plan, and internal arrangement.--Its Cabinets

of Natural History and National Curiosities.— The Model Rooms.—Ge.

neral Bentham and the Carriage-ship.-Launch of the Alexander, 110

guns, and two other ships of the line.—Their conveyance to Cronstadt.--

Russian Navy.— The État-Major.— Departments of Geography, Hydo.

graphy, and Land-Surveying.– The Lithographic Department.—Depôt

of Maps and sale of them.--Great Map of the Russian Empire.—Secret

Geographical Cabinet. Travelling Maps of Alexander. — Autograph

Schemes of Alexander, for Reviews and Sham-Fights. Topography of the

different Governments. - Manufactories of Mathematical Instruments.-

The Printing-press Department.- The Chancellerie.- The Library.-Auto-

graph Letters of Peter the Great.—The War-game.-The Incombustible

Hall.--Military Archives from the time of Peter the Great.-Domestic

Establishment of the People resident in the Palace of the État-Major.-

General Observations.-The Château St. Michel.-- The Corps du Genie.-

The Arsenals.— The Foundery.—The Colleges. — The Post-Office.— The

present System. — Distribution of Letters. — Private Post-office for corre-

sponding with the Emperor.—Revenue of the Post-office. The Citadel.-
The Mint.-General Enumeration of other Public Buildings connected with

the Administration of the Civil and Military Government at St. Peters-

burgh

Page 52-99

CHAPTER VII.

Imperial Buildings and Institutions connected with Science and the Fine

Arts.— The Imperial Academy of Sciences.-Its Constitution.—Contribu-

tions to Science.—Great and Illustrious Members of that Academy.Mon-

sieur Ouvaroff, the President.—The Observatory.—The Gottorp Globe.-

The Zoological Museum. The Cabinet of Mineralogy.—The Mammoth.-

Native Iron of Pallas.--Anatomical Collections.- Cabinet of Peter the

Great.-—Cabinet of Curiosities.— The Insects and dry Plants.—The Mu-

seum of Medals and Asiatic Museum.—The Egyptian Museum.-Grand

General Meeting to commemorate the Conclusion of the first Century since

the Foundation of the Academy.–Visit of the Empress-mother to the

Academy, at the beginning and end of the second half of that Century.--

The Secular Medal.—Printing-press of the Academy.— The Author's Public

Lecture at the Academy.- Presented with the Secular Medal, and made a

Member of that Society

Page 100—133

CHAPTER VIII.

Continuation of the Imperial and other Buildings and Institutions con-

nected with Science and the Fine Arts.- Prevailing Taste for the Arts.-

A self-taught Painter.— Titian and Mr. Sieger.-- Private Collections of

Pictures.--Count Strogonoff's Gallery.— The President d'Olenine.-Aca.

demy of Arts.—The Building. The Museum.-- Public Exhibition by Na-

tive Artists.-Russian Sculptors and Painters. Professor Vorobieff and his

Pictures of St. Petersburgh, and of Sunset on the Dead Sea.-Orlowsky.-

Liberality of Government respecting the Education of Young Artists.-

The Triumphal Arch of 1812. — Society for encouraging Russian Litho-

graphy.—Roumiantzow's Museum of Curiosities.—The Hôtel des Mines.-

The Building. The Establishment compared with others of a similar kind

in Europe.- Minerals.-Mines of Siberia. - Large Specimens of Native

Gold.-Instruction in practical Mining.–Domestic Arrangement for the

Students.-- Produce of the Gold and Platina Mines in the Qural Moun-

tains. Origin of the wealth of the Demidoff Family - The Miner's

Hammer.-Style of living of the Privy Counsellor Demidoff. His

death.-Société libre Economique of St. Petersburgh.—School for Agricul-

ture, Rural Economy, and the Useful Arts, founded by Countess Sophia

Strogonoff.- Cabinet of Arts and Antiquities of Mons. Svinnin.-The Bo-

tanic Garden

Page 134–175

Churches and Religious Institutions.—Toleration. - Seven Temples of

different Communions in one Street.—Divisions of the Clergy. Contem-

plated Improvements.—Preaching encouraged as a means of Civilization.-

The Holy Synod.-Number of Churches and Ecclesiastics.—The Metropo-

litan Church of our Lady of Kazan.—Military Trophies.—Tomb of Kutu.

soff, and the baton of Marshal Davoust. — Alexander. -- The Imperial

Jewels.—Platoff and the Cossacks' gift.--Monastery of St. Alexander

Nevskoï.—The Cathedral of the Holy Trinity.—Shrine of the Saint in

solid Silver.—The Jewels.—The Cloisters.-The Church of the Annuncia-

tion.—Monuments of Souvoroff and Miloradovitch.- Tomb of the Narysch-

kine family, and of the Sheremetieffs.-Russian Pantheon.---The Cemetery.

-Prevailing good te of the Monuments.- The Countess Potemkin.-

Monumental Column to Lomonossoff.--- Proposed new Monument to that

poet.-Grand new Church of St. Isaac. Its Plan and Elevation.--The

Colossal granite Columns.-Church of St. Peter and St. Paul.- Tombs of

the Sovereigns. — The Catholic Church. - Moreau's Tomb. The Lu.

theran Churches.-The English Church.—Greco-Russian Church Service.

- Religious Ceremonies of the Russians.-Imperial Christenings and Te

Deums.-Rituals for the celebration of Matrimony.-Invitation to a Wed.
ding.–Church Ceremony.—Beautiful Prayers.-Domestic Scenes.-Rus-
sian Funerals

Page 1764214

CHAPTER X.

Preliminary Notice. The University of St. Petersburgh.-Scientific

Education.—General and Elementary System of Education.-Schools for

the People.—Encouragement for the Cultivation of the Russian Language.

- The Imperial Russian Academy of Literature.-New Plan of Elemen-

tary Education.—Professor Greitsch's Lectures on the Russian Language.

-Pedagogic Schools._Sentiments of the reigning Emperor respecting Edu-

cation.-His means of promoting it.—Enumeration of Public Places of Edu.

cation existing in St. Petersburgh.-Oriental Institute.- The Land det

Corps, and the Marine Cadet Corps.—Naval Academy, and other Esta-

blishments.-Domestic or Private Education.-General Benkendorff.-Im.

perial Message.—Doctor Ruhl. Recognition.--The Communauté des De-

moiselles Nobles.—The Institute of St. Catherine.--System of Female Edu.

cation for the higher classes of Society.--Imperial Public Library.-Kriloff,

the Fabulist.--Manuscript Letters of Sovereigns.-Specimen of Louis

XIV.'s early Notions of Royal Authority.–The Press.—Encouragement

to Authors.--Modern Russian Literature.---Death of Karamsin, the His-

torian.-Russian Poetry.—Alexander Pouschkine, the Russian Byron.-

Fabulists, Soumarok Khemnitzer, Dmitrieff, Ismaïloff, and B. Pousch.

kine.—The Romantic School.—Baratinsky.—Joukovsky.—Mademoiselle

Zenaïde Volkonsky.-Dramatic Literature.—Prince Chakhovsky.—Num.

ber of Books published in Russia, since the Introduction of the Art of

Printing.–Periodical Literature.—List of Periodical Publications at St.

Petersburgh and Moscow

Page 215—250

CHAPTER XI.

Practice of Medicine.- Medicines and Medical Supplies.—Principal Phy.

sicians and Surgeons in St. Petersburgh. Alleged deficiency of very dis-

tinguished Men.---Domestic Physicians. - Police of the Medical Profession.

-Easy remedy to extirpate Quacks. Regulations respecting pharmaciens.

-Esprit de Corps of the Medical Profession in St. Petersburgh.—Mode of

remunerating Physicians.—Papillionage of the higher Classes of Society.-

Serious Complaints against them.--New Plan for remunerating the Medical

Profession-Imperial Distinctions and Rewards.-The Imperial Medico-

Chirurgical Academy.- Distribution of Studies.—Medical and other Classes.

_The Library.-The Pedestrié, or General Military Hospital.—Clinical

Establishments for Medical, Surgical, and Ophthalmological practice.-De-

ficiencies.-Naval Hospitals.—Regimental Hospitals.-Hospitals of the

Guards.- The Great Artillery Hospital.-Russian Surgery.—Dr. Arendt.

-Unusual success in Surgical Operations.—The Civil Hospitals.-Obou.

choff.-Physic by the dozen.—Lunatic Asylum.--Insane people scarce in St.

Petersburgh.-Ivanoff.-Kalinkin.-Bogadelna and the Centenarians.-

rial Hosp for the Poor.-The Building.-Internal Arrangement

and Distribution of Patients.—Results. — hilanthropy of the Empress-

mother." Enfans Trouvées.”—Maison d'Accouchement.—Masked La-

dies.-Imperial Lying-in Institution.--Vaccination.-Dispensary for Dis-

eases of the Eyes.—Manufactory of Surgical Instruments Page 251-301

CHAPTER XII.

Commercial and other Establishments of Industry, and their Buildings.

- The Imperial Exchange.-- The Rostral Columns.-The first Foreign Ship

at St. Petersburgh.--Peter the Great and the Dutch Skipper-Inaugura-

tion of the New Exchange.-Affability and Condescension of Alexander the

First towards the English Merchants.–New Imperial Warehouses.-Cus-

tom House.-Navigation of Merchant Vessels up the Neva.—Number of

Vessels entered at St. Petersburgh in 1827.–Amount of Tonnage for that

Year.—Lists of Imports and Exports for the last ten Years.- Balance of

Export Trade in favour of Russia. General value of Corn exported in

1826 and 1827.-Custom-house Revenue, during the last six years.-

Steady increase of it every year.-Number of Vessels entered and cleared,

classed according to Nations.-Decrease in those belonging to England.-