The Price of SmokingMIT Press, 11 d’ag. 2006 - 320 pàgines What does a pack of cigarettes cost a smoker, the smoker's family, and society? This longitudinal study on the private and social costs of smoking calculates that the cost of smoking to a 24-year-old woman smoker is $86,000 over a lifetime; for a 24-year-old male smoker the cost is $183,000. The total social cost of smoking over a lifetime—including both private costs to the smoker and costs imposed on others (including second-hand smoke and costs of Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security)—comes to $106,000 for a woman and $220,000 for a man. The cost per pack over a lifetime of smoking: almost $40.00. The first study to quantify the cost of smoking in this way, or in such depth, this accessible book not only adds a weapon to the arsenal of antismoking messages but also provides a framework for assessment that can be applied to other health behaviors. The findings on the effects of smoking on Medicare and Medicaid will be surprising and perhaps controversial, for the authors estimate the costs to be much lower than the damage awards being paid to 46 states as a result of the 1998 Master Settlement Agreement. |
Continguts
1 | |
Approaches for Assessing the Cost of Smoking | 23 |
What We Know and Dont Know about the Cost of Smoking | 43 |
Effects of Smoking on Mortality | 77 |
How Much Does Smoking Increase Outlays for Personal Health Care? | 99 |
Effects of Smoking on Social Security | 133 |
Private Pensions Do the CrossSubsidies Mirror Those for Social Security? | 163 |
Do Nonsmokers Cross Subsidize Smokers in the Market for Life Insurance? | 181 |
Effects of Smoking on Morbidity Disability and Work Loss | 197 |
Health Effects of Smoking on Others | 219 |
Summing Up | 245 |
Notes | 273 |
283 | |
307 | |
Altres edicions - Mostra-ho tot
The Price of Smoking Frank A. Sloan,Jan Ostermann,Donald H. Taylor, Jr.,Gabriel Picone,Christopher Conover Previsualització no disponible - 2006 |
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actual amount analysis annual approach assess associated assumed attributable to smoking average behavior benefits billion burden calculated cancer cause cessation changes chapter cigarette compared considered consumption contributions cost of smoking coverage covered current smokers cycle death dependent differences disability discount disease dollars earnings effects of smoking employee estimates evidence excise taxes expected expenditures exposure external factors female female smokers former smokers health insurance heart higher hospital important income increased individual Journal less levels lifetime limitation loss lower male smokers married mean measured Medicaid Medicare morbidity mortality never smokers nonsmoking smokers payments pension percent persons physician plans policies predicted premiums present probability productivity programs quit rates reduced relative reported respondents retirement risk smoking status smoking-related Social Security spouses studies Survey tobacco utilization variables wave women