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William Peveril. This strong fortress was the object of contest during the reigns of Stephen, Richard I., John, Henry III., &c. In 1330, Roger Mortimer, the paramour of Queen Isabella, was seized here by her son, Edward III. In the civil wars of his time, Charles I. set up his standard at Nottingham, but the place was taken next year by the Parliament, who garrisoned the castle, of which the famous Colonel Hutchinson was governor. It was dismantled during the Commonwealth, and upon the Restoration the ancient fortress was replaced by the present edifice, which belongs to the Duke of Newcastle. It was burnt during the Reform Bill riots, and remains in ruins. The castle stands on a rock perpendicular on three sides, at the south-west corner of the town.

The principal public buildings of this town are, the exchange, the county hall and gaol, the town hall, the mechanics' hall, the new corn exchange, the house of correction, the infirmary, the lunatic asylum, St. Mary's Church, on a striking elevation (recently restored at great expense, and containing some fine monuments), St. Peter's, and several other churches belonging to the Estabjishment. Nottingham has also several handsome meeting-houses, a large Roman Catholic Chapel, and numerous alms houses; a spacious market place, containing 5 acres, considered the largest in the kingdom; a small theatre, a race-course, extensive cavalry barracks, free schools, and several banks. About a mile south of the town is the Trent Bridge, of nineteen arches, an ancient structure, and exhibiting, from frequent repairs, great architectural variety.

The principal manufactures of Nottingham are, bobbin-net and lace, and cotton and silk hosiery, shoes, and gloves. There are several mills for spinning cotton and woollen yarn, and for throwing silk; atso dye-houses and iron-foundries. Nottingham ale has a high reputation. The Nottingham Canal joins the Trent a mile from the town. The Midland Railway Company have a commodious first-class station in the meadows adjacent to the town. The environs of Nottingham are very pleasant, and abound with gardens belonging to the inhabitants. Nottingham returns two members to Parliament. The population of the Parliamentary Borough in 1851 was 57,407. The outlying suburbs, viz., the villages of Sneinton, Lenton, and Radford, have a population of more than 20,000. A considerable part of the land round the town was, until recently, commonable to the burgesses during a third of every year, and, consequently could not be used for building purposes. But an act has been obtained for its enclosure-numerous new streets, public walks, and places of recreation have been laid out; publie baths and wash-houses, and numerous private edifices have been built and are in course of erection on the land which has thus been brought into the market. Gilbert Wakefield, Dr. Kippis, and Henry Kirke White were natives of Nottingham. Seven miles distant is Hucknall Church where Lord Byron was interred in 1824.

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Carleton St.

Burton Joyce St.
Lowdham St.
Thurgarton St.

A fine old church here.

Fiskerton St.

cr. riv. Greet (a noted trout stream) and branch of river Trent.

1334

135

138

Gedling, and Gedling House, Rev. P. Williams. 1 mile beyond Fiskerton Station is a branch to Southwell, pleasantly situated in a well wooded 1411 country, on the banks of the little river Greet. Southwell is a place of 144 great antiquity, and was formerly more extensive It than at present. possesses a collegiate church, supposed to be the oldest ecclesiastical structure in England, except St Augustine's Monastery at Canterbury. The Archbishops of York formerly had a palace here, now in ruins. Pop. 1851, 3516.

Kelham Hall, J. H. Manners Sutton, Esq.

On opposite side of Trent, Muskham Grange and Muskham House, J. Handley, Esq.

South Scarle.

601 NEWARK (see p. 388.)

1472

Winthorpe Hall. Langford.

Cross line of Great Nor-
thern Railway.

55

Collingham St.

153

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T. D'Eyncourt.

Walesby.

a small market-town, 13
miles N.E. of Lincoln.

178

Middle Rasen.

Kirkby cum Osgodby.

• It is 264 feet long, and has three towers. The stone carving of the chapter house is most elaborate.

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Delapré Abbey, Major- 42 NORTHAMPTON, (p. 226.) 67

General E. Bouverie.

Hardingstone. Great Houghton. Little Houghton.

The line hence follows throughout the course of the Nen, which it crosses in several places.

Leave main line of N. Western Railway.

Abington Abbey (a lu natic asylum), 1 m. Weston Favell. Overstone House (Lord Overstone.)

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From London by North Western Railway, as on preceding page, to PETERBOROUGH. (See p. 420.)

Thence by Great Northern line, to

From

London.

110

Crowland, 24 miles 891 Peakirk, Crowland, &c. 119

(see p. 430.)

St.

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and St. Paul in Algarkirk

is an ancient structure,

Fen St.

Proceed through the district of the Fens, an immense level tract which occupies parts of the counties of Lincoln, Cambridge, Nor folk, Suffolk, Huntingdon, and Northampton, extending about 50 miles from north to south, and 30 from east to west, and comprehending nearly 400,000 acres. This district is intersected by numerous artificial channels, by means of which it has been effectually drained, and converted, from a vast swamp, into a highly fertile and productive region.

SPALDING St. (see p. 430.) 131|

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ON LEFT FROM LOND.

5 miles beyond, Peterborough, leave line of railway to Stamford and Melton Mowbray. Glinton.

distant, a small town of Market Deeping, 2 m. great antiquity. The land to the eastward of it is said to be the lowest in the county, whene its appellation is derived. Pop. 1219.

Pinchbeck. Surfleet.

Gosberton; near it,

5 miles

Cressy Hall. Swineshead,

with a tower and five 703 Sutterton and Algarkirk 138 (see p. 430)

bells.

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St.

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Kirton.

Frampton Hill.

W. Skirbeck House.
Railway to Lincoln,

144 25 m., by Tattershail.

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