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Magdalene College founded in 1542, by Thomas Baron Audley. It contains the Pepysian library, with curious MSS. This collection, mentioned with such pride in his Diary,* was the gift of Samuel Pepys. He was of this College.

Trinity, the chief college of the university, was founded in 1546 by Henry VIII. and afterwards augmented by Queen Mary. The chapel was begun by Queen Mary, and finished by Queen Elizabeth. This college boasts a fine library, and is rich in portraits, busts, &c. Among the rest are a statue of Sir Isaac Newton by Roubilliac, a bust of Porson by Chantrey, and Thorwaldsen's statue of Byron which was rejected by the Dean and Chapter of Westminster. The master's lodge has always, since the time of Elizabeth, been the residence of the monarch during a royal visit. Trinity College rose at once from infancy to maturity. During the reigns of Elizabeth and James I. a greater number of bishops proceeded from this than from any other college; and at the beginning of the 17th century, it could claim at the same time the two Archbishops, and no less than seven other prelates on the English bench. When the present translation of the Bible was executed, six of the translators were resident fellows of the College. Among the eminent persons who have been educated at Trinity college may be mentioned, Sir R. Cotton, Sir H. Spelman, Bacon, Coke, Dr. Donne, John Ray, Barrow, Newton, Cowley, Dryden, Andrew Marvell, Dr. Conyers Middleton, Lord Byron, &c. And among the masters of this college have been, Archbishop Whitgift, Bishop Wilkins, Bishop Pearson, Isaac Barrow, and Richard Bentley. Emmanuel College, founded 1584, by Sir Walter Mildmay. It possesses the Sancroft library, numerous portraits, a handsome hall, and gardens.

Sidney Sussex College, founded 1598, in accordance with the will of Lady Frances Sydney, Countess of Sussex, has a hall, chapel, and gardens. Oliver Cromwell was educated here.

Downing College, founded in 1800, in terms of the will of Sir George Downing, Bart. who died in 1749; but the appropriation of the estates, and the granting of the charter, were delayed by litigation. It has a good library.

The other public buildings belonging to the university are the Senate-House, a magnificent building of the Corinthian order, adorned with statues of George I. and II., Charles, Duke of Somerset, and William Pitt, the first and third by Rysbrach, and the last by Nollekens; the public schools and university library, to which a copy of every book published in the empire is sent. In the vestibule of the latter is a fine bust of Dr. E. D. Clarke, by Chantrey; here also is the celebrated MS. of the four Gospels and Acts of the Apostles, given by Beza, -the Botanic Garden, occupying three or four acres-the Pitt Press, a handsome building erected in 1831,-the Observatory, an edifice in the Grecian style, erected 1822-1824, at an expense of upwards of £18,000,-the Fitzwilliam Museum, a magnificent pile, commenced in 1837 and lately finished, contains a fine collection of books, paintings, drawings, &c. bequeathed in 1816 to the university, together with £100,000 South Sea annuities, by Richard Viscount Fitz'Pepys' Diary, vol. ii. p. 298, &c.

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william, an Irish Peer. The principal churches of Cambridge are Great Mary's, or University Church, All Saints, in which is a monument by Chantre to the memory of H. Kirke White, Great St Andrews, containing a cenotaph fr Captain Cook, St Benedict's, St Michael's, and St Sepulchre's round chapel, interesting relic of antiquity, lately restored by the Camden Society. There are also several other churches and chapels, besides many charitable institutions, a free grammar-school, a county prison, built on Howard's plan; Addenbrooke's Hospital, founded by a physician of that name, but considerably increased by a bequest of Mr. Bowtell, a bookbinder of the town; the Town-Hall, and the coduit behind it, given by Hobson the carrier, celebrated by Milton in two whin sical epitaphs. Bishop Jeremy Taylor, and Cumberland the dramatist, we natives of Cambridge. Two M.P. are returned by the town, and two by the university. Cambridge usually affords the title of Duke to a branch of the Royal family. Pop. 1851, 27,815. Stourbridge Fair, annually held at Cambridge in September, is one of the most ancient, and was formerly one of the largest, in England.

CLVI. LONDON TO HARROWGATE, RIPON, AND THIRSK (THROUGH LEEDS) BY RAILWAY, 244 Miles.

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From the Church Fenton Station, on the York and North Midland Railway, here is also a branch railway to Harrowgate, by which route the total distance rom London to Harrowgate is 225 miles, that is, two miles longer than the above (see p. 438.)

CLVII. LONDON TO YORK THROUGH LEICESTER AND DERBY,

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