cessary for the health of the plants, and particularly in situations of this kind, where, under the most favorable circumstances, they will be much confined. With regard to the choice of shrubs, I should introduce as great a variety of evergreens as possible, of those kinds which, from observation, I have seen to succeed; an enumeration of which, including also deciduous shrubs and flowers, would be very acceptable from any of your correspondents who have had experience in the management of suburban gardens. Among the common evergreens that appear to flourish in these situations, I have noticed the cominon and variegated hollies, the common box tree, the Chinese arbor vitæ, the Aucuba japónica, the red cedar, the evergreen privet, and the giant ivy. The latter of these, (the ivy) which grows luxuriantly in most situations, might not only be used to cover walls and fences, but might be trained up in pyramids, or any other form which taste might point out, by having a frame work fixed in the ground for training it to; and if jasinine, clematis, or some other light climbers, were intermixed with the ivy, they would, I think, give a relief, and, at the same time, add to its beauties during the summer months. As it respects deciduous trees and shrubs, I should make use of the lightest and handsomest flowering kinds that would thrive, and such as, by an occasional and judicious pruning, night he kept within bounds. Decorations might also be introduced upon a limited scale, consisting of ornamental vases and other tasteful designs."

Very useful papers, but the plans annexed are too expensive for our work.

Article V, contains "simple and expeditious modes of ascertaining the heights of trees; by the Conductor, and Richard Varden, Esq. These modes are illustrated with engravings, which we shall endeavor to insert in a future number.

The following is a simple method, and answers very well in the cases mentioned :

"Trees are either crowded together, or standing singly, or so as to he clear from other trees on at least one side. In the former case, they are best measured by sending up jointed rods, formed of deal, or any other light wood. First one rod (say 5 feet, or 10 feet in length, and half an inch in diameter) is pushed up the side of the trunk, and held there by the left hand; and a piece of tin tube, about 4 inches in length, and of the same diameter in the clear, as the rod is put on the lower end of it about two inches. One end of this tube being firm on the rod which is held up alongside the trunk with the left hand, insert another rod in the other end of the tube with the right hand, and so on, till you have pushed the jointed rod so formed to the top of the tree. Then take it down and count the number of rods, &c., putting each piece of tin tube, as it is taken off, in your pocket. This may seem a tedious operation ; but a man and a boy, with fifteen rods, and fourteen pieces of tin tubing, will measure more than one hundred trees in a day."

Another method is as follows:

"The height of single trees may also be taken with expedition during bright sunshine by their shadows. Set up a rod, say of six feet in height above the surface, and measure its shadow; then measure the tree's shadow, and find the height by the Rule of Three.”

Among the reviews we find our Magazine very favorably noticed, and numerous extracts made from our article of "Calls at Gardens and Nurseries;" the original articles

are said to be "very interesting." We are sorry, however, to learn from this, that the second article, in our February number, by our much respected correspondent, Grant Thorburn, Esq., is merely a reprint of a passage in the Encyclopedia of Gardening, second edition, § 7710, to § 7722, written by Mr. Loudon long since. The words "America" for "Europe," and "American" for "European," being all the alterations from the original copy. The article we much valued, and its excellency is none the less for being an extract; but we do not wish ever to insert an article as original, however interesting its contents may be, which is not decidedly so. We supposed this, as we have every communication that has appeared in our pages since the publication of our Magazine, to be original. We think that no other articles will be found not to be so; if, however, they are, we have unknowingly been led into such errors by our correspondents.

Short extracts are made of the country seat of the Hon. T. H. Perkins, at Brookline, Belmont Place, Oakley Place, the garden of J. Lemist, Roxbury, Hawthorn Grove, &c. In relation to the practice of cultivating vines on the coiling system of Mr. Means, which we have ever considered as visionary, the conductor very judiciously remarks : —

"With due deference to all the parties concerned, we think Mr. Mearns's mode of growing grapes, let it be ever so successful, singular ly ill adapted for America, where the price of labor is so high. Instead of hearing of the energies of gardeners being directed to forcing by the coiling system, we would rather hear of their attempting a high degree of order and neatness in their pleasure-grounds; of their having smooth, close, dark green turf; smooth, even, firm gravel; and neat and delicate edgings to walks, beds, and borders. Forced flowers are a very allowable luxury in a country having long winters, and so are forced fruits; but we think that it argues a want of judgment to go a roundabout way to attain either of them."

Now we believe this in a great degree to be true, in relation to gardening generally. We have already often touched upon the subject of landscape gardening, the ornamenting of lawns, parks, &c., the planting of shrubs with a view to render the garden a more finished specimen of art than it is at present; and we acknowledge, in part, the truth of the above remarks: true, our natural scenery is an object of admiration, but we have as yet few specimens of that refined appearance which is the most attractive feature in English gardening, and which has commanded the astonishment of every observer. We may be thought too foreign in our opinions, but with all due praise to the exertions of our friends in the advancement of gardening, we must confess that we are but yet in its infancy, and have much to acquire before we shall arrive to any degree of eminence.

MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE.

ART. I. General Notices.

To destroy Insects by a Solution of Chlɔrine.—In the May number of the Irish Farmer's and Gardener's Magazine, p. 227, a correspondent, Mr. H. Hall, states that he has employed this solution for the last three years. It is "made by mixing with twenty gallons of spring water, a pound of the chloride of lime (or common bleaching powder), in a large jar, which can be easily made air tight; to this add about a pound of sulphuric acid (vitriol), which disengages the chloride, and, uniting with the lime, precipitates in the form of sulphate, leaving a clear solution of chlorine." No mention is made of the mode of using this solution, but probably by syringing the plants infected.-Conds.

Mining Insect on the Rose. The peculiar appearance of the leaves of rose-bushes, which is frequently observable in the fall of the year, in which their upper surface are marked in various directions with broad brown lines, having a narrow darker colored one down the middle, is caused by the small caterpillar of a minute moth (Microsetia ruficapitella,) which feeds inside the leaf. When full grown it is nearly two lines long, of a yellow orange color, with a brown mark down the back, the head very flat and sharp, and light chocolate. About the 24th of October, when full grown, it eats out of the leaf and crawls down the stem, until it has found a convenient place to fix its cocoon; this is very flat, at first of a pure white, which is changed by the first shower of rain to light orange it afterwards changes to a deep brown, nearly resembling the color of the bark of the bushes, and scarcely distinguishable to the eye. The pupa is light brown, of an oval shape, about a line long, and half that in breadth; the perfect moth appears about the 12th of May. This is the Tinea ruficapitella Haworth. The wings are gold colored, with the apex purple, the head ferruginous; expansion of the wings, two and three quarter lines. (Entomological Mag., Vol. I, p. 424.)

ART. II. Foreign Notices.
ENGLAND.

The Metropolitan Society of Florists and Amateurs held a show of flowers in Vauxhall garden, on Aug. 20th last. Prizes were awarded for pansies, dahlias, China asters, roses, picotees, carnations, cockscombs, orchideous plants, Clèthra arbòrea, &c. &c. A plant of Magnòlia grandiflòra, under a foot in height, was exhibited bearing a fine flower. "A box of petunias," of various sorts, cut from the plants, and their stems passed_through_holes in the lid, into water, we infer, was contributed by Mr. Dennis. The visiters were numerous.-(Gard. Mag.) The dwarf fan Palm (Chama'rops humilis) has flowered in the botanic garden at Oxford for many years. The plant is supposed to be nearly a century old. The whole height of the plant is five feet six inches; the

petioles of the full grown leaves are four feet long; the lamina, or expanded part of the leaf, one foot four inches long and two feet broad; diameter of the space the plant covers, nine feet six inches, or twentyeight feet in circumference.-Ib.

Oncidium ciliatum.-A specimen of this fine plant, with forty-four flowers in a panicle, was exhibited before the London Horticultural Society on Nov. 4, 1834. The gold medal placed at the disposal of the society, by the Rt. Hon. Lord Grey, for the best orchideous or parasit ical plant, was awarded to Mr. James Bruce, gardener to Boyd Miller, Esq., for this production.-I.

Royal Duke Cherry.-A fruit under this name was exhibited before the London Horticultural Society on July 21, 1935. it was received from France under the name of Royal tardive, or Anglaise tardive. Its qualities are stated to be equal to the May duke, and it ripens just after the latter is gone. We should be glad to know if there is a variety cultivated for sale in our nurseries under the above name; if not, it would be an object to introduce it.-Conds.

GERMANY.

Botanic Garden of Berlin.—In this garden there are cultivated in the open air, between 1500 and 1600 hardy trees and shrubs. It is on an open space, and is exposed to storms: the soil is light sand and moist peat, for the most part, and the trees grow well. We notice this garden in order to show the number of plants which bear the open air in the severe climate of Germany, where some of the North American species of Pinus in the same situations do not live. It proves the vast impor tance of giving more attention to the naturalization of plants. The species and varieties which are enumerated, we copy entire :

"Protected by large trees, or in places where the cold from the north and east wind is not felt, we grow, in the open air, Salisbùria adiantifòlia, Jasminum frùticans, Camphorósma monspeliaca, Paliùrus aculeatus Zizyphus vulgaris, Aràlia spinòsa; Bérberis Aquifolium, aristàta, and sinensis; Asimina parviflòra and triloba, Kölreutèria paniculata, Laúrus Sassafras, Hydrangea quercifòlia, Decumària bárbara, Cydònia japónica and sinensis, Photínia arbutifòlia, Raphiólepis índica, Eriobótrya japónica; Cotoneaster acuminata, affinis, macrophylla, laxiflòra, frígida, and rotundifolia; Magnòlia glaúca, tripétala, auriculata, macrophylla, conspícua, and obovata; Spartium júnceum, Onònis fruticosa, Hibiscus syriacus, Colùtea nepalénsis; Astragalus caucásicus, aristatus, and tumidus; Malcùra aurantiaca, Liquidámbar imbérbe, Myrica cerifera, Coriària myrtifolia; Nyssa villòsa, tomentòsa, and biflòra; Nitraria Schóberi. Where there is no protection from the snow in winter, the small trees and shrubs are sheltered by the foliage of the Pinus Stròbus; and, when the winter is very severe, the branches of the Pinus sylvéstris is used, being placed all round the plant.

In mild winters, the following stand out; but in very cold weather they are sometimes killed by the frost:-Rhamnus Alatérnus, Vibúrnum Tinus, Laúrus nóblis, O'lea Oleáster, Phillyrea angustifolia, Rosmarinus officinalis, Arbutus Unedo, Vitex A'gnus castus, Aucuba japónica, Pistácia Terebinthus; Rúscus aculeàtus, racemosus, and hypoglossum. Without any particular protection, but in sheltered situations, there stand out here Tlex Aquifolium and its varieties, and I. opàca; Smilax, Rhododendron, Kálmia, Dáphne póntica, and Cncòrum; Ulex europæ'a, nàna, and provincialis, and Táxus canadénsis. Ephedra distà chya, monostachya and altíssima stand out without any protection whatever. We have but few evergreen shrubs which stand out without protection."-Gard. Mag.

ART. III. Domestic Notices.

Oxalis crenata.-You have no doubt heard much both for and against the productiveness of this bulb. Four years ago I grew it in a small pot, and afterwards threw it out as useless, producing nothing but fleshy fibres. I tried it again last spring, and planted a bulb in the ground and earthed it up as we do the potatoes in Ireland: this fall I lifted two quarts at one root. J. B. Smith, Esq., of this city, put a 'small box round the bulb he had in the ground, and, as it grew, filled the box with earth; it produced half a peck of tubers of the size of small potatoes. If cooked dry they are very pleasant to taste, but if cooked wet they are nauseous: the tops make an excellent salad, and it may be considered a very useful vegetable, and will, no doubt, gain favor.-Yours, B.-Philadelphia, Dec. 1835.

Passiflora èdulis.-When you visited this city, your limited time prevented you from taking a glance at the lovely and handsomely arranged garden of Mrs. Stott, late of Castle Dykes, Scotland. I saw a few days ago at her country seat, a Passiflòra edulis, growing on the back of a new vinery, only planted from a cutting last spring, and now covers an area of 320 feet, and loaded with hundreds of fine fruit. The gardener, a very scientific man, (Mr. Win. Chalmers) told me there had been a great many pulled. The fruit is equally as rich in flavor as any of the fine sorts of gooseberries.-Ib.

Pennsylvania Hort. Society.-The only articles of interest exhibited before this society, on the evening of the 21st inst. were cucumbers from the garden of Mrs. Stott, presented by Mr. Chalmers, and a plant of Euphorbia Poinsettii, from the garden of H. Pratt, Esq., grown from a cutting since June last-had two branches a foot high each, and crowned with a bracteæ sixteen inches in diameter.-Yours, A. B., Philadelphia, Dec. 1835.

Cleome grandiflòra.—We had but just finished writing the short notice in our December number, respecting this fine plant, and sent it to press, when we received a letter from Dr. Ward, in which, among many other interesting notes, he makes the following observations in relation to it:

"I shall be glad if you will let me know how you succeeded with the seeds of the Cleome grandiflòra, which I sent you. I was a little disappointed in seeing no notice of it in the reports of your exhibitions, though perhaps it were too early [Nov. 20]. My own plants are later, and have not done quite so well this year as last; but there is no mistake about it at all, that, if well grown, few things can equal it in the green-house, in December. I find it can be propagated by cuttings, treated like balsamines, and other such succulent things, and hope you will try a few, as I am now doing, to turn out in the border in spring." We hope it will be flowered to perfection the coming season.-Conds. Astrapaa Wallichii.-This magnificent plant mentioned in another place as in bud at Belmont Place, is now in bloom at the nursery and exotic garden of R. Buist, Philadelphia. We have been kindly promised a description of it.-Conds.

ART. IV. Retrospective Criticism.

The To Kalon Grape-In your Magazine for December, I perceive some remarks on the To Kalon grape, and a doubt is expressed whether it is synonymous with the Catawba. Permit me to place this question at