been obliged to seek an abode where I could, for refuge for my furniture, my papers and my person, and in the embarrassment of a removal from a palace to a house of limited dimensions. I am still Professor at Ghent. (Letters of Dr. Van Mons, of Louvain, to Messrs. Manning, Dearborn, and Kenrick, published in the Hort. Reg.) Dr. Van Mons is now completing his Pomonomie Belge: there is to be a third volume, on account of the length of the Catalogue raisonné of his Culture of Louvain, which is to be annexed to it. This catalogue is to contain full information on all the fruits that have been raised by Dr. Van Mons, and many of which have been sent to Mr. Manning, numbered, but not named.-Conds.

GERMANY.

Notes on the Trees, Gardens, Gardeners, Garden Artists, and Garden Authors of Germany.-The oldest palms are in Vienna and Dresden. The Córypha umbraculifera has a head with an enormous circumference. One in Schonbrunn is nearly as large. There are here, also, Chamæ`rops humilis, Zàmia, and Eutérpe pisifórmis, which belong to Prince Antoine, and which have grown so high, that they have been obliged to make the house higher.

It is worthy of remark, that a Baron Dietrich, in Vienna, sent out ships, at his own expense, to Brazil, to collect palms, &c., for the emperor; and such wonderful discoveries were made, that several palms were found from thirty to forty feet in height, which are now exhibited in the Brazil Museum at Vienna; by which the age of the trees can easily be ascertained, and an idea of tropical vegetation given.

The oldest orange trees in Germany are at Dresden, and have been there since the time of King Augustus the Great. He was very fond of turnery, and sent for orange trees with very thick stems from Asia; and, in order to keep them fresh, they were laid in a cellar after a short time they began to grow; and they were removed and planted, and grew extremely well.

The largest and best green-houses in Germany are in the Burg at Vienna they are eighty feet high, and three hundred feet long. [According to other accounts these dimensions are much exaggerated; but they will no doubt be corrected for us by Baron Jacquin, or M. Charles Rauch.] In the middle there is a space for flowers, in which, in winter, there are several thousand bulbs in flower sent every year from Holland. Once every year there is a fete in this garden, which is called the rose feast. After breakfast the company retire to a ball, where the nobility are seen waltzing, surrounded by flowers.

The best imitation of nature is seen at Schonbrunn, where, in the new hot-houses, you might fancy yourself in a Brazilian forest. The Calàdia and other Aroidea, Cymbídia, Scitamíneæ, and Tillandsic, grow hanging down from old trees. The ferns grow in deep shade among rocks. This arrangement was made by M. Schott, court gardener, who was several years in Brazil, and who has succeeded in giving these plants such a natural appearance.

Amongst the most remarkable gardens in Germany are those of Laxenburg, Bruck, Cassel, Munich, the new garden at Potzdam, the gardens at Manheim, at Frankfort, and the new gardens at Stuttgard, which contain four hundred acres, and have cost, perhaps, already more than a million of florins.

Amongst the Hungarian gardens, those that belong to Princess Chrasalkowitz in Getelo, the Count of Brunswick in Corompa, and Prince Esterhazy at Eisenstadt, Count Szandor, Count Festetits, and several others, are the most worthy of notice.

In Bohemia, the most remarkable are those of Prince Kinsky, Prince Taxis near Leitmeritz, Count Tuff near Brun, and Count Sternberg near Praeg, Schonborn, Szinnen at Tchonhoff near Toeplitz, Prince Clari at Toeplitz, and Count Wallis and Count Canal in Prague.

Amongst the most considerable landscape-gardeners at present in Germany may be reckoned the following :—

M. Zeyher in Schweitzengen. He has laid out the gardens at Schweitzengen, Manheim, Carlsruhe, and Baden.

Riedel. He laid out the park at Laxenburg, and several private gardens about Vienna.

Lenne at Berlin. He has laid out the gardens at Potsdam and Magdeburg; and we have great expectation from his improvements now making in the park at Berlin, known as the Thier Garten.

Sckell. He laid out the gardens about Munich.
Claus. He has improved the gardens at Cassel.
Otto. He laid out the botanic garden at Berlin.

Lubek. He laid out the park at Bruck on the Leytha.
Schoch. He laid out the park at Worlitz.

Ritter. He laid out the parks at Presburg, at Konigshaiden, Gambo, Mayerhoff, St. Miholy, Zurz, and several others.

The following dilettanti architects and nurserymen have laid out gardens:

Prince Puckler Muskau. He laid out his own garden in Muskau. Carlowitz. He laid out some gardens in Dresden.

Derseik. He laid out the botanic garden, and some others, in Dresden.

Koch, Architect in Vienna. He laid out the garden of Prince Kinsky, in Prague, the gardens of the Counts Caroly and Crdady, in Hungary. Rosenthal. He laid out Petzlersdorf near Vienna, and several others. Bosch. He laid out the garden at Stuttgard, and the botanic garden at Rosenstein.

Kins. He laid out the gardens at Leipzig.

Rinz, Nurseryman. He laid out several places about Frankfort, and the public garden on the ramparts.

Authors who have written on gardening :

Puckler Furst von Moskau. Andeutungen der Landschafts Gartenkunst. Folio. 107.

Zeyher, Garten Director. He is preparing a work on Perspective, and Light and Shade. He has written a work called Beschreibung des Schwezingen Gartens, mit kupfer. 8vo.

Otto. Glashauser-bau, Die Cacteen, &c. &c.

Antoine. Monographie der Pfirschen.

Schott. Filices.

Boch. Hortus Schonbrunnensis.

Bouchée. Blumen Treibereyen.

Sckell. He has written some articles in the Prussian Transactions. Kins.

Baumzucht.

Ritter. Kunstliche Treibereyen. 8vo.

Schoch. Kleine Schrift uber Anlagen.

The above notes were furnished by M. J. Ritter, Garden Director in Austria and Hungary, whilst in London, in July, 1835. Though we have spared no pains to get the names of places given above properly spelled, yet we fear we have not in every case succeeded. M. Ritter saw one proof before he left London, and we sent another to the office of the Austrian Embassy.-(Gard. Mag.)

ART. III. Massachusetts Horticultural Society.

Saturday, July 2, 1836.-Exhibited. From T. Lee, Esq., Rhododéndron máximum, Kálmia latifòlia, Magnòlia glauca, Collínsia bícolor, Collòmia coccinea, Eschschóltzia califórnica, Pentstémon atropurpùreum and Linària genistifòlia. From E. Breed, Esq., Charlestown, dahlias and carnations. From J. A. Kenrick, Pæònia albiflora var. Whittlejii, Humei and fragrans, a great number of fine roses, blue and white Canterbury bells, honeysuckles, Spiræ'a filipendula, irises, clematis, Kálmia latifolia, &c. From S. Sweetser, Gladiolus natalénsis, Pæònia albiflòra, Hùmei, Phlóx maculata, moss roses, geraniums, sweet-williams, foxgloves, and fine specimens of Bow's Claudius pink. From S. Walker, the following kinds of fine pinks:-Bow's Claudius, Sir Isaac Newton, Robinson's Navirina, Queen Caroline, Wellington, Major Shaw, Lady Cobbett and Wells's Favorite; also, fine ranunculuses, viz., Julius, Parisian, Plato, Temeraire, Louisette, Viscount Wentworth, Eliza and Nonius; also, specimens of Œnothèra microcarpa, Frazèri and grandiflòra, Campanula persicifòlia and var., álbo, álbo pleno and double blue, Spiræ'a filipéndula, Astrantia màjor, Epilobium spicatum, Delphinium sinensis ffòre plèno, Lythrum verticillàtum, double white rockets, clematis, fine named pansies, a seedling rose, and several other beautiful kinds. From E. M. Richards, Sophora austràlis, foxgloves, lupins, pinks, Lychnis Floscuculi, &c. From Hovey & Co., Astrantia màjor, Campánula Trachèlium flore pleno, and aggregata, Gailláirdia aristàta, Phlóx maculàta, dísticha, glomerata, bimaculata and sauvèolens, Silène compácta, and several kinds of fine roses, including the moss Luxembourg, perpetual white, blush and prolific; also, a fine seedling pink. From M. P. Wilder, Cèreus speciosíssimus, Gladiolus floribúnda, Collínsia bícolor, and several varieties of moss roses, viz. blanche nouvelle, blush, coccínea, de la fleche, and the common red.

Fruits: from T. Hastings, Keen's seedling strawberries. From J. L. L. F. Warren, Methven scarlet and a seedling kind. From E. Vose, Methven scarlet and Downton. From Hovey & Co., seedling strawberries.

July 9th.-Exhibited. From Wm. Kenrick, Pæònia albiflòra Hùmei, Delphinium elatum, Spira'a filipéndula, roses, honeysuckles, &c. From J. A. Kenrick, Spira'a lævigàta, Delphinium sinensis and elàtum, Pæònia albiflòra Hùmei and fràgrans, azaleas, roses, dahlias, Rhododendron máximum, Kálmia latifolia, &c. From S. Sweetser, Hoya carnosa, foxgloves, dahlias, geraniums, double white and scarlet lychnis, pinks, &c. From M. P. Wilder, Pentstèmon digitális and diffusum, Collinsia bicolor, Pæònia albiflòra Humei, Alstromèria psittacina, Hibiscus Ròsa sinensis flore pleno, Lupinus polyphyllus, Verbèna chamædrifòlia Salpiglóssis pícta, dahlias, roses, and two geraniums, viz., grandissima and Sesostus.

From Hovey & Co., Verónica élegans and spicata pùmila, Digitális lutea and purpurea, Pentstèmon diffùsum and ovàtum, Eschschóltzia cròcea and califórnica, Spira'a ulmària, Phlox sauvèolens, Campánula Trachèlium plèno, Silène compacta, Astrantia màjor, double white and scarlet lychnis, seedling pinks, &c. From Messrs. Winship, Delphinium sinensis, Verónica élegans, double and single blue bells, Pæònia albiflora, Whittlèjii and fràgrans, phloxes, Campánula persicifòlia and var. plèno, Coreópsis lanceolata, Astrantia màjor, spiræas, &c. From

S. Walker, Enothèra Frazèri, Epilobium spicàtum, Pentstèmon diffùsum, Campanula persicifolia and var. álba plèno, spiræas, ranunculuses, &c. From T. Lee, Rhododendron máximum, Magnòlia glaúca, Crèpis barbata, Málva moschata, Calendrínia grandiflòra, Gailláirdia aristata, the double Ayrshire rose, &c.

Fruits: from E. Vose, black tartarian cherries. From J. L. L. F. Warren, gooseberries and fine Persian melons. From Hovey & Co., seedling strawberries. From T. Hastings, Keen's seedling strawberries. From Wm. Hawks, Lynn, Downton and pine strawberries.

July 16th.-Exhibited. From S. Walker, Spira a ulmària, lobàta, filipendula and filipendula plèno, Delphinium sinensis fl. pl., Coreópsis lanceolata, Epilobium spicàtum, Verbèna chamadrifolia, pansies, pinks, &c. From S. Sweetser, dahlias, white lilies, Campánula collina, Agapanthus umbellatus, &c. From M. P. Wilder, dahlias, and Erythrina Crista-gálli. From the Messrs. Winship, Hóya carnosa, phloxes, double blue bells, white lilies, martagon lilies, Crassula coccinea Passiflora cærulea, &c. From R. T. Paine, Antholyza preálta. From S. Downer, fine specimens of double dwarf rocket larkspurs. From W. Kenrick, bee larkspurs, smoke tree, roses, honeysuckles, spiræas, &c. From Hovey & Co., Phlóx ròseum, cárnea, and pyramidàlis álba, Spira a lobàta and ulmària, Campánula aggregàta, eliptica, collina, Lorrèjii, medium, and Trachèlium pleno, double white and scarlet lychnis, nothèra microcarpa, Asclepias tuberòsa, Clárkia élegans, Eschschóltzia cròcea, Verónica élegans, hybrida and spicàta pumila, Potentilla Mayiana, and Russelliana, &c.

Fruits: from T. Mason, Franconia, white Antwerp and seedling grape raspberries. From I. P. Davis, sweet apples, very beautiful.

July 23d.-Exhibited. From the botanic garden, by Wm. Carter, Yucca filamentosa, Lilium canadensis, and var. rùbra, Lysimachia vulgàris, Asclepias tuberòsa, Crássula coccínea, Passiflòra racemòsa var. purpurea, Rhododendron máximum, Phlóx pyramidalis álba, (?) Shepérdi and seedling kinds, Spiræ'a lobàta and ulmària, Prenanthes integrifòlia, Verónica élegans, &c. From S. Walker, Lysimachia vulgàris, Campanula álba plèno, Cimicifuga foetida, Spiræ'a lobàta, Péntstemon diffusum, pinks, dahlias, &c. From T. Lee, Esq., Málva moschata, Lysimachia quadrifolia, and Ròsa rubifòlia (?). From John Hovey, the Mobach and provins roses, From S. Sweetser, dahlias, Verónica neglécta, Dracocéphalum rèpens, geraniums, coreopsis, &c.

From M. P. Wilder, dahlias, viz., Erecta, Pothecary's Queen of Sheba, Globe, Cicero, and Douglas's Augusta; also, moss roses, including the moss cristata, Céreus speciosíssimus, Antholyza preálta, Tigridia pavònia, Gloxínia maculata, double white campanula, semidouble eschscholtzia and Verbèna chamædrifòlia. From Hovey & Co., the following kinds of dahlias:-Queen of dahlias, Widnall's Enchanter, Granta, Queen of Roses, and Chancellor, Springfield Rival and Douglas's Augusta; also, Phlóx fimbriata, ròseum, penduliflòra Shepérdi, pyramidalis álba and undulata pùmila, Státice Gmelina, Láthyrus grandiflorus. Málva moschata, Potentilla Mayiùna and Russelliana, Eschscholtzia cròcea, and Campánula carpática.

Fruit: Gooseberries from J. Hovey.

REMARKS. During the past month the weather has been favorable to the maturity of early crops. There is about ten days difference between this season and the last-the latter having been the earliest. Old potatoes, as we predicted, are exceedingly scarce, and command enormous prices; new ones come to hand slowly, and are not of very large size-they were abundant last year at a much earlier date. Turnips are fine. Onions not abundant: some of the Connecticut reds, or, as they are termed, rareripes, have come in the past week. Beets are plenty. Carrots are brought in, but they are yet small.

Early cabbages are not yet plentifully supplied. A few cauliflowers of small size have sold at quotations. String beans are very scarcethe early frosts in the month of May having destroyed nearly two thirds of the expected crop. Peas are not plenty nor very good. Bush