A. On the 28th of June. Q. Where is Monmouth, or Freehold? A. About 20 miles S. E. of New-Brunswick. A. The Americans, in the commencement of the action, under General Lee, were forced to retreat, but, being reinforced by the main body of the army, under General Washington, they drove the British back to the place from which Lee had been driven; but night coming on, further operations were suspended until next morning: in the night, however, Clinton silently left his position, and continued his march to New-York. Q. What assistance arrived from France? A. In July, Congress, which had returned to Philadel phia, received a letter from the Count d'Estaing, announc ing his arrival on the coast of the United States, with a large French fleet, which had been sent by the King of France, to assist them in gaining their independence. Q. Was anything done by the French fleet this season? A. No: while making preparations to attack the British fleet under Admiral Howe, a furious storm came on, which damaged and dispersed both fleets; and, at the close of the season, the French fleet sailed to the West Indies, without having performed any important service. Q. Can you describe the destruction of the settlement of Wyoming, in Pennsylvania? A. It was attacked by a band of tories and Indians; the men were butchered, the houses burned, and the cattle driven off or killed. Q. Where did Washington's army pass the winter? A. They erected huts near Middlebrook, in New-Jersey, in which they passed the winter of 1778-9. Q. By what was the campaign of 1779 distinguished? A. It was distinguished by a change of the war from the northern to the southern states. Q. What did the British effect in Georgia? A. They took possession of Savannah and Sunbury, the only two military postmand of the American troops, in the in Georgia. southern department? A. General Lincoln. Q. What occurred at Savannah ? A. A combined attack was made upon the city, by the French fleet, under Count d'Estaing, and the Americans, under General Lincoln, but without effect. Q. When was New-Haven plundered, and Fairfield and Norwalk burned? A. In the fore part of July. Q. How are these towns situated? Q. By whom was Stony Point captured, on the 15th of July? A. By General Wayne, with a detachment from the American army. Q. What bloody naval battle was fought in September? A. A battle on the coast of Scotland, in which Paul Jones, a native of Scotland, acquired the reputation of being the most daring of all the commanders sailing under the American flag. Q. Which party gained the victory? A. The American, under Paul Jones. Q. At the close of the season, to what places did the northern army retire into winter-quarters? A. One division, near Morristown, in New-Jersey; the other, in the vicinity of West Point. Q. What place did the British besiege, in the spring of 1780? A. Charleston, the capital of South Carolina. Q. Who commanded the American garrison at Charleston? ་ A. General Lincoln. Q. When did Charleston surrender? A. On the 11th of May, 1780. Q. When was the battle of Camden, in South Carolina? A. On the morning of the 16th of August. Q. Which party was victorious? A. The British. Q. Who was the British commander? A. Lord Cornwallis. Q. Who the American? A. General Gates. Q. Which party gained the victory at King's Mountain, in North Carolina? A. The Americans. Q. Who commanded the Americans, at King's Mountain? A. Colonel Campbell. Q. What fleet and troops arrived in July? A. A numerous French fleet, commanded by De Ternay, arrived at Rhode-Island, to the great joy of the Americans. Q. What was the number of land forces on board this fleet, and under whose command were they? A. Six thousand, under the command of Count de Rochambeau. Q. What plot was meditated by General Arnold? A. He basely engaged to betray West Point into the hands of the British. Q. How is West Point situated?. Q With whom had Arnold an interview? A. Major Andre. Q. Can you relate the circumstances of Andre's capture? A. In returning to New-York, divested of his uniform, he was intercepted by three American soldiers, who searched him, and found a plan of the fort, and other papers, in Arnold's own hand-writing, concealed in his boot. Q. Did Andre endeavor to bribe these soldiers to let him escape? A. Yes: he offered them his purse and a valuable gold watch, to release him; but these patriots, though poor, were not to be moved from their duty. Q. What sentence was pronounced upon Andre? A. He was executed as a spy.. Q. How much did Arnold receive, and what became of him? A. He received, as the reward of his treachery, the sum of 10,000 pounds, and with it escaped to the British, and was afterwards made a brigadier-general, in the service of Great Britain. Q. When did this event occur? A. On the 22d of September, 1780. (44) CHAPTER XI. CAPTURE OF CORNWALLIS PEACE, &c. Q. Who succeeded General Gates in the command of the southern army? A. General Greene, in the year 1781. Q. Which party gained the victory at the Cowpens, in South Carolina? A. The American. Q. Who commanded the Americans, at the Cowpens? A. General Morgan; who was ably supported by Colonels Washington, Howard, and Pickens. Q. Can you name the British commander? A. Colonel Tarelton. Q. When was this battle fought? A. In January, 1781. Q. What occurred at Guilford, in North Carolina? A. Here was fought one of the severest actions during the war. Q. Which party gained the victory? A. The British. Q. Who commanded the British? A. Lord Cornwallis. Q. Can you name the American commander? A. General Greene. Q. When did this battle occur? A. On the 15th of March, 1781. Q. Who commanded the British, at the battle of Cam den? A. Lord Rawdon. Q. Who was the American commander? A. General Greene. Q. Which party was successful? A. The British. Q. What occurred at Eutaw Springs? A. Here General Greene defeated the main body of the British, which may be considered as ending the war, in South Carolina. Q. At what place did Lord Cornwallis finally fortify himself? A. At Yorktown, in Virginia. Can you tell how Yorktown is situated? Q. What fleet arrived in the Chesapeake, and blockaded the British in Yorktown? A. Count de Grasse, with a numerous French fleet. Q. What action took place? A. An action took place between Admirals Greaves and De Grasse, which was not decisive. Q. What soon commenced at Yorktown? A. A close siege commenced, which was carried on with so much vigor, by the combined forces of America and France, that Lord Cornwallis was obliged to surrender by capitulation. Q. What is the meaning of capitulation? Q. When did Cornwallis surrender? Q. What was the number of the British forces that surrendered? A. They exceeded seven thousand, of whom nearly three thousand were not fit for duty. Note. When the news of this event was received at Congress, the aged door-keeper fell down and expired from excess of joy. General Washington ordered Divine service to be performed in the different brigades of the army: and Congress resolved to go in procession to church, to return public thanks to the Father of Mercies for this signal victory. Q. After the surrender of the British, whither did Washington, with his forces, return? A. To New-York. Q. How much had Great Britain expended in this contest with the United States? A. One hundred millions sterling, or more than four hundred millions of dollars; besides fifty thousand lives. Q. When were pacific overtures made to the American government? A. Early in the spring of 1782; when both nations desisted from hostilities. Q. What is the meaning of pacific, and overture? Q. Who were the American commissioners? A. John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Henry Laurens, and John Jay. Q. In what city did they meet? A. Paris. |