Between Copernicus and Galileo: Christoph Clavius and the Collapse of Ptolemaic Cosmology, Edició 12677

Portada
University of Chicago Press, 15 de des. 1994 - 293 pàgines
Between Copernicus and Galileo is the story of Christoph Clavius, the Jesuit astronomer and teacher whose work helped set the standards by which Galileo's famous claims appeared so radical, and whose teachings guided the intellectual and scientific agenda of the Church in the central years of the Scientific Revolution.

Though relatively unknown today, Clavius was enormously influential throughout Europe in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries through his astronomy books—the standard texts used in many colleges and universities, and the tools with which Descartes, Gassendi, and Mersenne, among many others, learned their astronomy. James Lattis uses Clavius's own publications as well as archival materials to trace the central role Clavius played in integrating traditional Ptolemaic astronomy and Aristotelian natural philosophy into an orthodox cosmology. Although Clavius strongly resisted the new cosmologies of Copernicus and Tycho, Galileo's invention of the telescope ultimately eroded the Ptolemaic world view.
By tracing Clavius's views from medieval cosmology the seventeenth century, Lattis illuminates the conceptual shift from Ptolemaic to Copernican astronomy and the social, intellectual, and theological impact of the Scientific Revolution.
 

Continguts

Claviuss Astronomical Work and Life
1
Why Clavius Is Important
2
Clavius and His Reputation
7
Early Life
12
Early Influences
13
Early Career
18
Calendar Reform
20
A Distinguished Professor
21
That the Stars Move in Channels
102
Cosmological Debate and the Rebuttal of Copernicus
106
Cosmological Issues in the Sphaera
107
The Status of the Earth
117
Grounds for Debate
126
Strains on Ptolemaic Cosmology Inside and Out
145
Accommodations to Copernicus
160
Claviuss Theorica planetarum
173

Jesuit Mathematics and Ptolemaic Astronomy
30
Mathematical Sciences in the Jesuit Curriculum
32
Textual Traditions in Medieval Astronomy
38
The Planetary Astronomy of Sacrobosco and Clavius
45
A Note on Parallax
58
The Defense of Ptolemaic Cosmology
61
Did an Orthodox Cosmology Exist?
62
An Orthodox Cosmology
64
The Rival Cosmologies
86
Heterodox Cosmologies
87
Like Birds in the Air or Fish in the Sea
94
Galileo Tycho and the Fate of the Celestial Spheres
180
Galileo at the Collegio Romano
187
Claviuss Reaction to Galileos Discoveries
195
Copernicans in the Collegio Romano?
202
Tychonic Cosmology at the Collegio Romano
205
Fusion of the FluidHeaven and Tychonic Cosmologies
211
Conclusion
217
Notes
221
Bibliography
265
Index
285
Copyright

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