friendship" (French); ' and so do mutual good offices. Note that the French proverb speaks of little presents— such things as are valued between friends, not for their intrinsic value, but as tokens of good-will.

Before you make a friend, eat a peck of salt with him. Take time to know him thoroughly.

Sudden friendship, sure repentance.

Never trust much to a new friend or an old enemy.

Nor even to an old friend, if you and he have once been at enmity. "Patched-up friendship seldom becomes whole again" (German).2 "Broken friendship may be soldered, but never made sound " (Spanish).3 "A reconciled friend, a double foe" (Spanish). "Beware of a reconciled friend as of the devil" (Spanish).5 Asmodeus, speaking of his quarrel with Paillardoc, says, "They reconciled us, we embraced, and ever since we have been mortal enemies."

4

Old friends and old wine are best.

"Old tunes are sweetest, and old friends are surest,' says Claud Halcro. "Old be your fish, your oil, your

friend" (Italian).o

1 Les petits cadeaux entretiennent l'amitié.

2 Geflickte Freundschaft wird selten wieder ganz.

3 Amigo quebrado soldado, mas nunca sano.

4 Amigo reconciliado, amigo doblado.

5 De amigo reconciliado, guarte del como del diablo. Cum inimico nemo in gratiam tuto redit.-Pub. Syrus.

6 Pesce, oglio, e amico vecchio.

One enemy is too many, and a hundred friends are too few.

Enmity is unhappily a much more active principle than friendship.

Save me from my friends!

An ejaculation often called forth by the indiscreet zeal which damages a man's cause whilst professing to serve it. The full form of the proverb-" God save me from my friends, I will save myself from my enemies"—is almost obsolete amongst us, but is found in most languages of the continent, and is applied to false friends. Bacon tells us that " Cosmos, Duke of Florence, was wont to say of perfidious friends that we read we ought to forgive our enemies; but we do not read we ought to forgive our friends."

A full purse never lacked friends.

To say

An empty purse does not easily find one. that"The best friends are in the purse" (German),' is, perhaps, putting the matter a little too strongly; but, at all events, "Let us have florins, and we shall find cousins" (Italian). "The rich man does not know who is his friend." This Gascon proverb may be taken in a double sense: the rich man's friends are more than he can number; he cannot be sure of the sincerity of any of them. He who is everybody's friend is

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1 Die beste Freunde stecken im Beutel.

2 Abbiamo pur fiorini, che trovaremo cugini.

3 Riché homé non sap qui ly es amyg.

either very poor or very rich" (Spanish).1

"Now that

I have a ewe and a lamb everybody says to me, 'Good day, Peter'" (Spanish). Everybody looks kindly on the thriving man.

A friend in need is a friend indeed.

But, as such friends are rare, the Scotch proverb counsels not amiss,

Try your friend afore ye need him.

On the other hand, "He that would have many friends should try few of them" (Italian).3

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Let him that is wretched and beggared try everybody, and then his friend" (Italian).*

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A friend is never known till one have need.

A friend cannot be known in prosperity, and an enemy cannot be hidden in adversity" (Ecclesiasticus). "A sure friend is known in a doubtful case" (Ennius).5

When good cheer is lacking, friends will be packing. "The bread eaten, the company departed" (Spanish). "While the pot boils, friendship blooms" (German).7 "In time of prosperity friends will be plenty; In time of adversity not one in twenty."

1 Quien te todos es amigo, ó es muy pobre, ó es muy rico. 2 Ahora que tengo oveja y borrego, todos me dicen: En hora buena estais, Pedro.

3 Chi vuol aver amici assai, ne provi pochi.

♦ Chi è misero e senza denari, provi tutti, e poi l'amico.

Amicus certus in re incerta cernitur.

El pan comido, la compañia deshecha.

7 Siedet der Topf, so blühet die Freundschaft.

6

No longer foster, no longer friend.

Help yourself, and your friends will like you.

"Give out that you have many friends, and believe that have few" (French). By that means

you

you

will

not expose yourself to be bitterly 'disappointed, and you will secure the favours which the world is ready to bestow on those who seem to have least need of them.

A friend at court is better than a penny in the purse.
Kissing goes by favour.

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Every one makes it his business to "Take care of Dowb." "They are rich," therefore, "who have friends" (Portuguese, Latin).2 It is better to have friends on the market than money in one's coffer" (Spanish). "Every one dances as he has friends in the ball-room" (Portuguese).* "There's no living without friends" (Portuguese)."

1 Il faut se dire beaucoup d'amis, et s'en croire peu. 2 Aquellos sao ricos que tem amigos. Ubi amici, ibi opes. 3 Mas valen amigos en la plaça que dineros en el arca. 4 Cada hum dança como tem os amigos na sala.

5 Nao se pode viver sem amigos.

CO-OPERATION. RECIPROCITY.

SUBORDINATION.

One beats the bush and another catches the birds.

Sic vos non vobis. The proverb is derived from an old way of fowling by torchlight in the winter nights. A man walks along a lane, carrying a bush smeared with birdlime and a lighted torch. He is preceded by another, who beats the hedges on both sides and starts the birds, which, flying towards the light, are caught by the limed twigs. An imprudent use of this proverb by the Duke of Bedford, regent of France during the minority of our Henry VI., has given it historical celebrity. When the English were besieging Orleans, the Duke of Burgundy, their ally, intimated his desire that the town, when taken, should be given over to him. The regent replied, "Shall I beat the bush and another take the bird? No such thing." These words so offended the duke that he deserted the English at a time when they had the greatest need of his help to resist the efforts of Charles VII.

Here the proverb was used to imply an unfair division of spoil, or what was called, in the duchy of Bretagne, "A Montgomery distribution-all on one side