The Bishop of Salisbury has given some remarks on Mr. Sharp's Biblical criticisms; and as we also must be critical, we beg leave to point out an evidently typographical error in the only two Latin words quoted on the titlepage. A Comprehensive Grammar of the German and sometimes nearly three, hundred pages to question, who is Captain Rock? Many have explain. The rules are compressed, and ren- assumed his terrible title, many have abused dered extremely simple; so that they can be his dark authority, many have written, and readily comprehended by the youngest French some have even published, under his appalling scholar. Altogether, we recommend this Table sobriquet; but who is the man? We cannot answer :-he is a being of more faces and to every student of that language. disguises than Mathews or Yates; of more Tracts relating to the Corn Trade and Corn versatility and trick than Mazurier (the deLaws: including the Second Report ordered parted), or Gouffe (the invalid); of more to be printed by the two Houses of Parlia ferocity and recklessness than the present Ibrahim or the late Ali Pasha; of more power ment. By W. Jacobs, Esq. F.R.S. 8vo. London, 1828. Murray. THIS is another valuable example of the great than Don Miguel; of more influence than the EVERY syllable of this important publication facilities introduced by ingenious teachers into Inquisition; of more ubiquity than the Jesuits; having been not only canvassed in Parliament, the art of acquiring languages. On the faces of more restlessness than Satan; of more imbut printed and reprinted in all the forms of of two sheets of paper, we have here really one pudence than any other of his countrymen. periodical intelligence, it is unnecessary for us of the best and easiest understood grammars of Such is the invisible, and perhaps, if unity is to dilate upon its merits. We will only say, the German tongue which can be met with. expected, the imaginary Captain Rock:-in the present instance, however, as we are informed, that in this collected and convenient shape, the While on the subject of education, we may and do credibly believe, he is impersonated by immense mass of information for which the no less exalted an individual than the descendcountry is indebted to the indefatigable zeal, in- mention a New System of Teaching the French ant of the "supreme King of all Ireland," ay, dustry, good sense, and judgment of Mr. Jacob, Verbs, by Miss Galindo. (Bowdery and Kirappears to be really wonderful, as the produc- by.) By this plan, the verbs are dissected on and of Munster, Connaught, Tipperary, Kil tion of an individual. We ought also to notice, cards, and put together by the learner. A that the Appendix contains even more to eluci- child is thus enabled, with a few months dally-many, and Kilmore, to boot. ing between play and study, to become acquainted with a very important branch of the French language. date the great question herein involved, than the Report itself. There is much of this new; and it affords data of great interest to every commercial nation, both for present and future times. burn. This mighty potentate (whom Heaven preserve for a thousand years!) has, it seems, condescended to address these his letters (not patent till opened by the magical key of the A Marriage in High Life. Edited by the Literary Gazette,) to the gentleman whose Authoress of "Flirtation." 2 vols. Col- brows are at this time encircled with the English crown, under the vulgar title of Georgius Observations on Some Passages in Lieut.-Col. Napier's History of the Peninsular War. A VERY pretty sentimental story, not over Quartus; and we trust it is neither disloyal natural-but let that pass. The tale depend-nor seditious in us, to shew, by a few observaBy Percy, Viscount Strangford. Murray. THIS pamphlet, of thirty-five pages, is, we are ing entirely on the interest of the narrative, tions and extracts, in what fashion a prince, bound to say, a complete refutation of a charge we will not spoil it; but will only say, that who doth bestride the narrow world like a which Col. Napier seems, on rather slight there is a due proportion of tattle, Opera, Al- Colossus, writes to an inferior. Of offending are not afraid; but our flesh trembles, lest, grounds, to have made against Lord Strang- mack's, &c.all that constitutes a fashionable the aforesaid Georgius or any of his vassals, we with a very sweet heroine, and a ford; namely, that certain despatches of his novel, Lordship, though dated in the Tagus, were tale which, if once begun, will, we think, be with all the purity of our motives, and with all the veneration we entertain for the Irish King, actually written at Salt Hill. Lord S. has finished, even by fastidious readers. we should breathe a syllable which might, pervindicated himself in the most handsome and The Mortimers; or, the Vale of Machynlaeth. 3 vols. R. P. Moore. A MIXTURE of the old and new style of novel chance, displease his Majesty or provoke his ire. Let us assure him, on the faith of reviewers, who almost worship his ancient race, convincing manner; and we have no doubt but the gallant historian will be ready to acknowledge the error into which he has been led writing: fearful murders, haunted rooms, and admire beyond expression his own accomplish by opposite information. valuable counsel for travellers. 66 an old castle in the country; very genteel" "ments and genius, and who, at the expense of our lives (which we would not gage for a trifle) and our properties (which are bound up in this sheet), would avert every evil from his person and throne, that our purpose is honest, liege, and true; and that we have no design but to shew our respect for him, and indulge the tastes of those who ought to be his subjects as well as of those who ought not. With this apology and declaration, turn we now to Captain Paris. By J. Doran. S. Maunder. The Continental Traveller's Oracle, or Maxims and Co. We fear that though studiously faithful in A Complete Theoretical and Practical Table of Rock's Letters to the King of England, which are introduced by these three unintelligible and mystic words in an unknown tongue : I DO UIA MORDA. Letter I. opens thus-" Sir, my Cousin,might with propriety have added, and my brother,' our situations being similar in many respects: both kings de jure, neither kings de facto; both deprived of our lawful power and just prerogatives-you by a domestic, I by a That your Majesty is foreign, usurpation. perfectly well acquainted with the history, and what is called the constitution, of your country, is not to be doubted: it is as little to be doubted, that the indignities and insults heaped on the Prince of Wales and the Prince Regent prepared you for the control which awaited your Majesty, and fully informed you of the wide difference between the theory and practice of that constitution;-by the former of which you appear to be a personage of mighty importance, whilst by the latter you feel yourself reduced to the most pitiable insignificance. The idea of three estates, King, Lords, and Commons, combining regal, aristocratical, and democratic power, each a check on the en For the better understanding of these matters, his Majesty has the goodness to give us a dictionary of the unction, of which the following may serve as specimens. croachments of the others, so beautiful in | of England towards the Irish people, under can only promise that there are some savoury theory, loses its loveliness and its value by pretence of those titles. 4. I shall relate what dishes for the repast. As the merest taste, we the fact, that all have merged into the most the Irish did in opposition to these pretensions.extract the following: odious and dangerous of all modes of govern- 5. I shall speak of the conduct of the oligarchy "Landaff, Earl. Mathew.A Welsh fament, an oligarchy, the members whereof, towards their own colonies in Ireland." 6. Imily, and originally popish. They acquired having destroyed the substance of grand in- shall relate the consequences thereof. 7. I large possessions in county Tipperary. Had stitutions, preserve names and forms merely shall give a description of the tools used by the they continued to think that the Bishop of for purposes of deception, and have completed oligarchy for the completion of their work. Rome was a more befitting head of the the organization, and put in operation, the 8. I shall contrast the views of the Irish peo-church than a King of England, I should not machinery of treason against the common-ple and the English colonists. 9. I shall de- have to record their nobility. Yet it was not wealth. This is worked by those creatures clare to the world the results of the toil and tenderness of conscience which wrought their with whom the tyrants fill the chambers of labour of the oligarchy of England in the ruin recantation of the creed of their fathers. Mr. declamation, on whom they lavish the earn- of the kingdom of Ireland." Mathew was a man of great landed property, ings of the industry of the people; and by who carried hospitality to its utmost bounds. their opponents, who are no less serviceable, He was remarkable for the elegance of his in provoking debate, which wears the appearequipage, which happening to excite the envy ance of every subject being submitted to the of a Protestant gentleman, the latter tendered severe ordeal of free and fair public discussion "Enemy.--Between individuals, enmity has him twenty pounds in the street of Cashel for and mature deliberation; whereas, in point of no respect to the state or condition of the par- the four horses attached to his carriage; and fact, every question has been determined by ties; a master may be the enemy of his slave, this sum Mr. Mathew, to save himself from the faction long ere it makes its appearance the slave of his master; a rich man of a poor the horrors of a premunire, was obliged to before these combatants in the legitimate war-man, and vice versû: between nations, the accept. To avoid the recurrence of any such fare which springs from the honest, laudable term implies, on the one side a determination circumstance, he abjured the inconvenience of ambition of enriching themselves by prosti- to subjugate, and on the other to maintain Popery in Ireland. The great wealth and untuting their principles and consciences at the freedom from subjection, let the difference be bounded hospitality of this family gave them dictation of their masters." what it may between the states, as to import- considerable influence in county Tipperary; ance. and for this they received a title. "Legitimate Illegitimate. These two words are at handy-dandy,' each signifying the other according to existing circumstances. The true signification is, lawful and unlaw. ful.' Yet what must seem strange to those who consider the genuine meaning of words, is, that the King of England is called the legitimate King of Ireland; and the M'Carthies, O'Sullivans, O'Briens, O'Connors, O'Moores, O'Fearals, O'Neales, and Cavanaughs, are all illegitimates; nay, called by the English, aliens, on their native soil! 66 6 Loyalty is, respect for the law. It now is supposed to signify adherence to a predominant faction.' From taking this new view of the British constitution, his Rock-y Majesty reverts to his own wrongs, who being a despotic monarch, with all the advantages of that happier mode of governing, appears to have been worse used than even his Cousin of England; for the latter is allowed something like the semblance of reigning, whereas the "supreme King" has been altogether driven out, plundered, and kilt. "I am aware (says he) of the incivility of exposing to the possessors of Ireland their bad title, and vicious maintenance thereof. It is a fear ful subject, on which the spoiler is loath to look, much less inquisitive to pry into: but the despoiled will think; reflection will brood over the loss the more intensely by his being reminded of his misfortunes at every step-to whatever point he turns his head or mind. It is trite to say, What, will you revive questions set at rest for centuries? I ask, By whom set at rest?' By the malefactor. Doth length of time justify aggression, or sanction “Robbery, Arson, Rape, and Murder.— robbery? My horse is stolen from me in his When these acts are committed by an indiviprime; I discover him advanced in years, and dual, or by a few individuals in their own ill-used: I claim him from the possessor: he clothes (black, brown, or smock-frocks), the denies not the fact; he answers, Oh! the perpetrator or perpetrators is or are subjected, horse has been mine now these ten years! on detection and conviction, to condign punish. Will the law take this as a justification? Iment, and their names consigned to just inhave been robbed of my clothes in a state of newness; I recover them when worn out: the wearer exculpates himself, urging long ownership. Is not the excuse an aggravation? “Rebellion. It has long been defined as 'resistance by force and arms to lawful authority;' howbeit, the true signification of the word is, the act of going to war again,' no matter under what circumstances. famy: but when these enormous crimes are His Majesty, the Captain, now proceeds to demonstrate, that Ireland was an independent sovereign state in the year 964, temp. Edgar, and hath continued so ever since, in spite of the Dublin coinages of Edgar and Ethelred, of Henry II., of Pope Adrian IV. (a vile English pope), of Elizabeth, Henry VIII., and all other Danish, Norman, Saxon, and English pretenders. But "Clancarty, Earl. Trench. Descended from a Cromwellian republican soldier. The father of the present man styled himself Power Keating Trench. He was a plain, unaffected little man, and represented the county Galway. He was linked with the Castlereaghs, Knoxes, and Perys, who formed a confederacy to advance themselves by all manner of ways and means. He had no borough-ownership; but was thought of sufficient importance by his coterie to be advanced to the barony of Kilconnel and viscounty of Dunlo. The present man, wishing to eclipse the vulgar patronymic of Trench, by the splendid name of La Poer, has thought proper to metamorphose Power into La Poer. What pretensions he can advance to the title of Clancarty, it would be very difficult to discover: Clancarty was the title of the eldest branch of all the royal houses of Ireland. How many drops of their blood has a Trench in his veins ?-Just as many as Castlereagh had of the blood of the Stuarts." "Normanton, Earl. Agar.-Archbishop of Dublin. A Protestant divine, who began the world without a groat, and contrived to hoard together from the church nearly a million sterling. This man was very vain of his great wealth. It happened that he and Law, Bishop of Elphin, dined at the castle of Dublin with a Lord Lieutenant; when Law, who was an honest, disinterested priest, addressed the archbishop in his broad Cumberland accent as follows: It is not long since I have had occasion to defend your grace against a most shameful calumny; no less than that you have amassed the enormous sum of half a million sterling. God forbid that a Protestant bishop should have been guilty of so crying a sin-the thing is impossible!'-with much more to the same effect; to all which the archbishop every now and then bowed, and thanked the bishop for his friendship, at the expense of his (the archbishop's) pride, who felt the utmost chagrin at being reputed to be worth no more than half a million, whilst he had exacted to double that amount." I was cold the while. For all the miseries my country hath endured, the Irish people lay not the lightest blame on your Majesty, nor on one of your family; you and they are guiltless. Their feelings are of the kindliest towards your Majesty as a man. They acknowledge the many amiable qualities of the English people. But in the oligarchy they recognise enemies of the most furious temper, moving in the most vicious course, who never smile but to deceive, nor speak but to betray; who have reduced Ireland to But we shall have much more to say about such a state of wretchedness and degradation, this important and diverting work, especially that it is of little moment who may be king.' when we come to speak of his Majesty's con"To render," he continues," this inter- tumelious genealogies of the existing (pseudo) esting subject perfectly clear, I shall arrange noble families of Ireland-the fungi of the In the eyes of this ancient Monarch, every it under the following heads:-1. I shall shew last two hundred years and only give the pre-peer should descend from the Round Table. that Ireland was once an independent king- sent whet to the public appetite. Should it What drollery it is, at this age of the world, to dom, subject only to her own laws and rulers. resemble the ptarmigan to the English tourist think that a few generations more or less of 2. I shall state the various titles of England to in the Highlands-who was not a bit more doubtful gentility, should be reckoned in estiexercise the powers of government in Ireland. hungry after he had eaten a bird of about the size mating the character of a man! Family pride 3. I shall expose the procedure of the oligarchy of a barn-door fowl we cannot help it. We is a good pride, if it stimulate to virtue and noble actions: if not, as a poor modern writer attribute of youth. Her eyes are almost dim, upon the number of vibrations or impulses genehas it What can ennoble slaves or cowards? Alas! not all the blood of all the Howards. [To be continued.] Paris, May 21. THE curiosity of the French public has been at length gratified by the appearance of Kean in Richard the Third. His entré on the stage was hailed by a three-times-three round of applause, which, malgré his royal hump, he received with much grace. The moment he commenced action, a profound silence reigned, and spectators scarcely seemed to breathe; every head bent forward, and all eyes looked with as much eagerness towards this much-talkedof Roscius, as though the fate of the whole theatrical empire depended on him. It is said that he disappointed hope; still, there were moments when he gratified expectation, particularly where Richard says— "Why I can smile, and murder while I smile." Several ladies exclaimed, C'est trop! turning aside (the fashion here upon great occasions), as if unable to support the sardonic expression of his countenance. As for our belle compatriote, Miss Smithson, if she be proof against the adulation she receives, she must differ widely from Eve's daughters in general, and inherit little of the foiblesse which lost Paradise to man. The French call her the soul of souls; and a young Parisian nobleman is (if report speaks truth) dying of the tender passion for her. Were some of those love-sick swains really to die outright, it would be well, by way of proving the possibility of such a miracle; as yet, the malady has never proved fatal in this metropolis: and Monsieur l'Amour, to whom poets would fain give an immortality, is here reduced to a very transient existence. A fair Italian is also said to have thrown a riche milord into despair, having shut her eyes to his perfections, and preferring liberty to even golden chains. To avenge her cruelty and want of bon goût, he has threatened to blow out his brains, si toutefois qu'il en a,-a matter which is rather doubtful. and she is therefore obliged to employ an rated by the sounding body in a given time. A grand meeting of all the académiciens is to take place on Thursday, for the reception of M. Le Brun at the Académie Française. ARTS AND SCIENCES. THE subject of the evening (9th May) was the On carrying a sounding body, as a bell or a tuning-fork, over the smooth regular surface of a soft body, as wax, a similar series of impressions are made; and Mr. Hunt, of Birmingham, has proposed to construct a wheel which should have its edge and surface prepared in this manner, and then, making it move with a certain velocity, to bring sounding bodies near it, and, by the dots they leave, to number the impulses in a given time which belong to any given pitch of sound. Hook devised an experiment, in which he also proved, that when a certain number of regular impulses were made to occur in a given time, they produced sound; and that the greater What is called the pitch of sounds, is a the number of the impulses, the higher the pitch peculiar quality of them, which has been of sound produced. Toothed wheels were fixed marked by the terms high and low, acute and upon an axis and made to revolve, and a card grave; and though these terms are arbitrary, or quill being held against the teeth, a sound having not the slightest reference, in their was produced which, independent of the mere The Infanta of Portugal, the Marquise de strict sense, to the property of sound which snap of the card against the teeth, was higher Luly, created a considerable sensation on Sun- they are made to express, yet their application or lower according to the greater or smaller day last at the Royal Chapel. Her presence at present is so regular and constant (although velocity of the wheel. This experiment is caused not a little distraction amongst pious it has not always been so), that no error arises described in the account of Hook's life prefixed folks; even his Majesty could not forbear now from their use, and sounds cannot otherwise be to his posthumous works. and then taking some side-long glances; and better distinguished as to their pitch. Professor Robison produced the same genehis gentlemen in waiting, and young guards, Sounds having a certain and determinate ral effect in a still more simple way, inasmuch appeared much more occupied with this beauti-pitch are distinguished from sliding sounds, as as in his experiment no hard substances were ful foreigner, than with the salvation of their the inflections of the voice, where the pitch is made to strike against each other, but the souls. Madame de Luly has not been presented constantly changing; and also from noise, as impulses were communicated to air only. He at court, but is received by all the grandees of the report of a gun, or the sound of a blow, constructed stop cocks, the plugs of which were Paris; the English, in particular, pay her when the ear fails in endeavouring to assign a made to revolve with greater or less velocity, unbounded attention: she has refused several pitch to the sound. It is the quality of pitch whilst air was blown through the apparatus. invitations. which renders sounds amenable to the laws of In this way he produced regular sounds, which harmony and melody; and though the other were higher or lower, according to the greater qualities of sounds may be infinitely varied, or smaller number of revolutions of the cocks. yet if they have a distinct pitch, the most un-Cogniard de la Tour more lately applied the same practised ear can instantly perceive their rela-principle in the construction of a very beaution one to another. tiful and simple machine, which he has called Gallileo first assigned the true cause of the a syren. It consists of a box, in the bottom pitch of sounds: he demonstrated that wires of which a pipe is fixed, and in the top of which or strings of a uniform thickness, and stretched are formed, at equal distances in a circle, a cerby equal forces, if made to vibrate for an equal tain number of holes (there were sixty in the time, would have the number of these vibra- one exhibited). A plate lies upon this box, tions inversely as their length; thus, of two also perforated with an equal number of holes strings, one twice as long as the other, the so that when the plate is moved round, which latter would produce twice as many vibrations is effected by an axis and a hand-motion, the as the former: the sounds produced by these holes in the box are alternately opened and strings would be determinate as to pitch, that closed by the perforated plate above, this being of the short string being an octave higher than done sixty times as the plate moves once round: that of the long one, from which he concluded then, at the same time that the plate is rethat the pitch of sound depended in every case | volved, if air be blown through the box, clear Madame de Genlis is about to give birth to a new Adelaide and Theodore, which is already purchased by a librarien. There is nothing like making a good reputation in the first instance; it clears the road to folly, which is always bought, sold, and read, when a celebrated name graces the title-page. A gentleman, in speaking the other day of this famed authoress, declared she would write her last agony. This was, perhaps, rather a mauvaise plaisanterie; at the same time, were she to give rest to her pen, the world would be as wise, and she would be wiser: but vanity is a stumbling-block of which none keep clear. Madame de Genlis is, however, still charming in conversation; her manners are courtly, elegant; nor does she appear to have lost any of that energy and vivacity of feeling which is the ; musical sounds are produced, higher or lower | according to the number of times that the holes are opened in a given period. What is still more striking, is, that if the syren be immersed in water, and water be thrown through the box when the plate is moving, sounds are also produced, and exactly of the same pitch as if air had been used, the sound being proved to depend altogether, as to this quality, upon the number of impulses in a given time, and not at all upon the substance or medium upon or by which these impulses are produced. This instrument constitutes the best tonometer that has ever been constructed. LITERARY AND LEARNED. OXFORD, May 17.-On Wednesday last, the following de- Doctor in Divinity. Rev. H. Oakeley, Oriel College, CAMBRIDGE, May 17-At a congregation on Wednes- Bachelors of Arts.--J. Thackeray, C. Lofft, Fellows, ORIENTAL TRANSLATIONS. [Deeming this to be one of the most important literary pected that the natives should possess any elevated degree of knowledge in arts and manufactures, with the excep tion of what they are daily practising, the scanty remains of that which their forefathers have left, and the knowledge of which has descended through Mahomedan despotism and cruelty. As your invitation is flattering, I will not, however, fail to make every opportunity of keeping awake our correspondence connected with the sciences and polite literature of the Hindus. The formation of societies for the promotion of the knowledge of science and literature in general, as well as of arts and manufactures, is beneficial to the country where such bodies are united; but when they link with similar societies or individuals of talent in other countries by correspondence, the benefit arising therefrom is universal, especially when those learned men communicate their ideas to one another without regard to nation or religion. In this good work the Europeans have far surpassed the plan the Society has adopted for the diffusion of other nations; and allow me to express my admiration of knowledge, by opening a correspondence with the natives of Hindostan, who cannot but feel immeasurable pleasure and gratitude at the conviction, that their rulers, in common with your Society, are ever watchful to promote the welfare of the ruled, by the dissemination of the knowledge of literature and arts among them. As the report of the Calcutta Agricultural Society, of which I have the honour to be Vice-President, will soon be published, I need not give you an account of the same here. Some time ago, I published a Bangaly Spelling-book, in imitation of a similar useful work in English by Mr. Lindley Murray, a copy of which, as well as a copy of the first volume of a copious Dictionary, entirely in Sanscrit, compiled by me, on the plan of an Encyclopedia, I beg ness to give them a place in their library, allowing me at leave to send; and request the Society will have the goodthe same time permission to transmit the subsequent volumes, with the preface and appendix, when issued from the press. A simple practical mode of producing these necessary impulses upon air was then referred to in the Munt-harmonica, a small musical instrument, of which numbers have been lately constructed in Germany, and which consists of a plate of metal having a number of long rectangular apertures formed in it. Elastic plates of metal are then fixed in these apertures : they are of such size as almost to fill them, but being attached at one end only, can vibrate within the aperture. When air is blown through the apertures, which is easily done by applying the lips over them, the elastic plates AFTER the report, of which we gave a comare thrown into a vibratory state, and striking plete epitome in our last, was read, various the current at uniform intervals, produce those resolutions founded upon it were submitted to impulses which are necessary to give a sound of the meeting by Lord Melville, Mr. Wynne, Having lately had occasion to refer to the Agni Purana, a determinate pitch: the number of impulses Sir A. Johnston, and other distinguished friends I found a passage therein, which convinced me, that the or of vibrations is determined by the thickness, of the plan, who were present on the occasion. from midnight to midnight, by Europeans, is of Sanscrit division of the day and night into twenty-four hours, elasticity, and other circumstances, of the vibra- Sir A. Johnston addressed them at some length, origin; and as it may be a point deemed desirable to be tory plates, which of course determine the taking an historical review of its origin and pro-scribe the original, accompanied with a translation of it. known by many English gentlemen, I beg leave to transound also. Very beautiful Æolian tones were "Ghatike dwe muhúrtah syát tai strinsatyá divá nise; produced from an instrument which Mr. Fara- gress, and pointing out some of the extraordinary effects which might be anticipated from Chaturvinsati bela bhi rahoratram prachacsyate. day had, containing eight of these springs. its general diffusion, and the exertions of its Súryodayadi vijneo muhúrtánám cramah sadá, PasThe same principle was said to be applied in members and supporters. But that with which chimá dard ha rátrádi horánám vidyate cramah." the construction of certain new musical keyed "Two ghaticas make one muhúrta, of which thirty a we were most struck, was his account of the day and night. Twenty four belas are said to constitute instruments, brought to this country by Mr. interest taken in British literature, the fine day and night. It is to be remarked, that the course of Schulz, and by him called Eol-harmonicas.* the muhurtas is invariably from sun-rise, and that of the arts, and sciences, by some of the sovereign horás from midnight." Two of these were in the lecture-room, and princes of India, as well as by Bramins and their powers and effects were exhibited in the others of different castes, whom we scarcely performance of several pieces upon them by Mr. imagined to have bestowed a thought on such Schulz and his sons, the instrument being acmatters. Thus it appeared that the Rajah of companied by two guitars. The lecture was throughout illustrated by Tanjore had recently been elected an honothe performance of all the experiments referred rary member of the Royal Asiatic Society, to: and though we have set out with repeating led to the election of the Rajah of Sattarah; the same principle which had previously the liberal and just compliment paid to Mr. namely, his great love for, and encouragement Wheatstone by Mr. Faraday, it would be gross of, the fine arts, science, and literature. The injustice to the lecturer himself, not to notice introduction and cultivation of European intelhis own lucid and admirable way of explaining ligence by princes so influential as these, is the subject. But for his own acknowledgment, likely to produce very important results in we should have taken him for a skilful musician, as well as a most acute philosophical investigator of the science of phonics. [Mr. Knowles' lecture on Ship-building is unavoidably deferred till our next. upon India; and we are the less surprised to find, "Gentlemen,-With sentiments of respect, I have the MAJOR LAING. It is with pain we observe it stated in a recent sitting of the Geographical Society of Paris, that a letter from Saint Louis (Senegal), dated the eighth of last March, and addressed to Baron Roger, contains details corroborating the account of the death of Major Laing, near Timbuctoo. A Moor who had arrived there, related all the circumstances of Your proposal to insert my name among your correthis melancholy catastrophe. He possesses, it spondents is most gratifying to me, and I beg to present my best and respectful thanks for the honour the Society is said, papers which belonged to the brave intends conferring, which cannot but be highly acceptable but unfortunate traveller. The object of this to me. Moor's visit to Saint Louis was to make pur-nical knowledge is very little cultivated, it cannot be exBorn and residing in such a country as this, where mechachases of European manufactures and goods, which it had been supposed were not known at Timbuctoo; as, for instance, a carriage, tea, a bed furnished with a mattress and musquito curtains, &c. Noticed in our last Gazette, p. 316. These instruments have been introduced with pleasing effect into many fashionable quadrille parties. The Schulz's on this occasion performed beautifully. a The interpretation of the above two quatrains is this: two are comprised in twenty-four belas or horas; and that that thirty muhúrtas are equal to a day and night, which the computation of day and night by thirty muhúrtas is from sun-rise to sun-rise; and that by twenty-four belas or horas, from midnight to midnight. Hence, it appears, that the word hour is probably derived from the Sanscrit term horá, especially when the exact correspondence of the latter with the Greek and the Latin hora is consi dered. Wishing you success in your benevolent exertions towards effecting the objects of your interesting Society, I remain, with due respect and regard, gentlemen, your most obedient servant, RADHAKANT DEB.† But to return to the two rajahs, from whose characters, habits, and pursuits, this letter has diverted our attention; it may be explanatory to state, that when the Rajah of Sattarah was elected, it was part of the motion of Sir A. Johnston to read some passages of an address from that sovereign to the Hon. Mr. Elphinstone on his leaving the Presidency of Bombay. The extracts referred to are curious, as marking the wide difference between past and present times in India. Formerly, rupees and We do not trouble our readers with the Sanscrit text, -Ed. L. G. Is there one of our thousands of readers who had any conception of such a state of European literary and sclentific intelligence as this letter exhibits among the natives of Hindostan?!!-Ed. The Rajah of Tanjore, though a Hindu sovereign, tinguished missionary, who probably implanted in his was educated by Mr. Schwartz, the well-known and dispupil's breast a predilection for European intelligence. It is a fact worth recording, that Sir A. Johnston, His palace is adorned with statues, pictures, &c. from the Rajah, as he is with those of other native princes, in selected English books, and several of the periodical who is so well acquainted with the feelings and wishes of England and the continent; his library filled with wellsending a present to this monarch, could think of nothing journals and newspapers published in London are remore appropriate than a bust of Nelson. One from the gularly read by this eastern potentate. By his example chisel of Mrs. Damer was accordingly sent, together with he has succeeded in removing many prejudices from the his highness's diploma. The Rajah has already erected a higher castes of his people: and innovations and changes splendid monument in his kingdom, to commemorate the of which a Bramin would not have dared to dream thirty great achievements of our naval and military heroes dur-years ago, have been made without a murmur, and wifi ing the late war. pave the way to still greater alterations. "Permit us," says the Rajah, " to acquaint you that in order to evince that we are ourselves fully persuaded that no amelioration can be of more incalculable benefit to this country than the diffusion amongst our children and countrymen of that extensive knowledge, those noble modes of thinking, those wise and liberal principles of government, and those sublime views of moral rectitude, by which the British are so eminently distinguished, we have determined to raise a subscription amongst ourselves, lacs of rupees, for the purpose of founding one or more which at the present moment amounts to upwards of two professorships for teaching the languages, literature, sciences, and moral philosophy of Europe. Nor can we doubt that you will be pleased to comply with our earnest solicitation, that we may be allowed to honour these professorships, as a slight testimony of our unceasing gratitude, with that name which we so much revere and admire, and to designate them the Elphinstone Professorships and that you will permit your portrait to be drawn by an able artist in England, in order that we may place it in the rooms of the Native Education Society, as a permanent memorial of the liberal and enlightened "(Sealed and signed by the Rajah of Sattarah and other diamonds would have been the royal testimony | of performing ten oscillations were then noted equally successful in his principal figures of the of approbation: now, the expression takes a successively, until two hundred were com-fallen and exhausted man and horse. Somehigher and better tone. pleted: the terminal arc, and the temperature thing more of dignity in the form of each would of the instrument, were also registered. The have conveyed a stronger poetical feeling to the oscillations of the dipping needle were taken subject. No. 311. Scene in the Grounds of H. R. H. as follows:-one hundred with the face of the instrument east, previous to those of the hori- the Duke of Orleans, at Neuilly. W. Daniel, zontal needle being observed; and another R.A. We do not notice this garden-scene hundred after the latter, with the face west,- simply as such, but to point out the skill with a process which gives the mean time of obser- which the artist has combated the difficulties vation nearly the same for both needles. Two which it presented to him. To make an overtables are given: the first containing a register stocked plantation of formal upright poplars of the observations; and the second, the mean subservient to the purposes of art, shews a proportional intensities at every hour, in each master's hand. needle, deduced from the respective times of No. 284. The Surprise. Dubuffe.-Buff, the performance of one hundred oscillations. indeed! Our surprise is, that the picture From a comparison of the changes occurring in should be here. the two needles, it appears, that at the time when an increase took place in the intensity of the dipping needle, that of the horizontal needle underwent a corresponding diminution, and vice versa. On comparing these results with Having shewn, by these singular documents, the hypothesis of a rotation of the general the progress of knowledge, and the evanishing polarising axis of the earth about its mean of prejudices in the vast peninsula of India, position as a centre, and employing for this "Savage men, more murderous still than they !" we shall not prolong this subject farther at pre-investigation the formula given by Mr. Bar- The cries of despair, agony, and death, are but sent; but conclude by wishing the utmost suc- low in his Essay on Magnetic Attractions, it too frequently heard where Nature has stamped cess to the Oriental Translation Society, whose is found, that the radius of this circle of rota- her creation with all the forms of loveliness and labours promise to expedite and extend these tion is very nearly eight minutes. The mag-peace. Still, however, the contemplation of important and desirable objects in a manner nitude of this radius, however, will be consi- pictures like this of Mr. Barber's has a soothat once very interesting to literature, and highly derably influenced by the sun's declination. ing and beneficial influence on the mind, and beneficial in every other point of view. disposes it to pleasing thoughts. founder and protector of that Society. Native Chiefs, &c.)" ROYAL SOCIETY. MAY 8th, a paper was read, entitled, a Comparison of the Changes of Magnetic Intensity in the Dipping and Horizontal Needles throughout the day, at Truernberg Bay, in Spitzbergen. By Captain Henry Foster, R.N. F.R.S. The change of intensity of the dipping needle, in as far as it is owing to a variation of the dip, would only be in the proportion of 3726 to 3732: whereas, its actual amount is found to be one eighty-third part of the whole. This, therefore, seems to imply changes in the general magnetic intensity of the earth: but the author, limiting his present inquiry to the vaThe observations made by the author at riations in the dip, concludes that the times Port Bowen, in 1825, on the diurnal changes of the day when these changes are the greatest of magnetic intensity taking place in the dip- and the least, are such as indicate a constant ping and horizontal needles, appeared to indi- inflection of the magnetic pole towards the sun cate a rotatory motion of the polarising axis of during the diurnal rotation, and to point to the earth, depending on the relative position of the sun as the primary agent in the production the sun, as the cause of these changes. By of these changes. Capt. Foster's remaining at Spitzbergen during the late northern voyage of discovery, a favourable opportunity was afforded him of prosecuting this inquiry. Instead of making the observations with a single needle, variously suspended, as had been done at Port Bowen, two were employed; the one adjusted as a dipping needle, and the other suspended horizontally. The relation between the simultaneous intensities of the two needles could thus be ascertained, and inferences deduced relative to the question, whether a diurnal variation in the dip existed as one of the causes of the observed phenomena; or whether, the dip remaining constant, they were occasioned by a change in the intensity. FINE ARTS. ROYAL ACADEMY. No. 254. The Golden Age. J. V. Barber.A beautiful landscape composition, well calcu lated to convey the idea of the tranquil happiness associated with all that we can imagine of the innocence and truth of the Golden Age. But, alas! scenes as enchanting are the haunts of wild beasts, and of No. 250. The Gallantry of Sir Waller Raleigh. S. Drummond, A.-This is a grand and imposing performance. The shipping, the building, the costume of the period, are all admirable. The figures, however, are somewhat deficient in grace and dignity; and are not in strict accordance with the scene or the subject. The queen also appears to go out of her way to tread on Sir Walter's cloak;-but, on reflection, that is natural enough. ANTE ROOM. No. 454. Portrait of a Terrier, the property of Owen Williams, Esq. M.P. E. Landseer, A. Even in the presence of such fine portraits as that of Lord Eldon, by Sir Thomas Law. rence, P.R.A.; and the Rev. C. Cogan, by T. Phillips, R.A.; we are attracted by this picture of a dog and a hedgehog. So powerful No. 333. The Trout Stream. J. A. O'Con- is it in effect and colour, that it seems to light nor.-Some artists burst suddenly upon the up the room. If any production in this class public view, as Pallas sprang from the head of of art can be said to be perfect, the present is Jove,-mature, and armed for the field. This most assuredly so. The action, the expression, remark does not apply exclusively to the indi- the meditated attack by the dog-the pause, vidual who, under the humble title which this the quietly defensive character of the hedgeperformance bears, has produced a grand and hog, create an interest equal to that of the striking composition, worthy of the pencil of set-to of two heroes of the Fancy. Gainsborough or Salvator Rosa; but is equally applicable to others, whose works have, within a very short time, come under our notice; and whose names have been hitherto strangers to us, although their pictures shew the practice of No. 464. The Morning Visit. T. Clater.Evidently a family group, and put together with considerable skill. Of the difficulty of such arrangements, and the sacrifice which artists are too frequently forced to make to them of many high and essential qualities of art, few of The dipping needle used, was one belonging to the Board of Longitude, and made by Dol-years. land:both this and the horizontal needle No. 332. Draught Horses, the property of the public are aware. Here all appears in were made in the form of parallelopipedons, Mr. Campern, of Jermyn Street. A. Cooper, place, as well as in character; and there is an each 6 inches long, 0.4 broad, and 0.05 thick. R.A.-This performance cannot fail to attract easy and natural air throughout; while the The experiments were continued from the 30th the attention of all who are capable of estimat-execution is in Mr. Clater's usual style of careof July to the 9th of August, and were so ing the character and beauty of this peculiar ful finish. We think that a portion of shadow arranged, that in the course of two days an and useful breed of horses. As a work of art, thrown on the ground on the left, would observation was made every hour in the four the colouring and effect, together with the balance and improve the whole. and twenty; that is, part of them in one day, style of execution, claim our admiration. No. 465. A Sportsman and Dogs. H. Pid. and another part in the other day. No. 339. Mazeppa. T. Woodward. Since ding. If the light and shadow of the last-menThe observations on the horizontal needle the picture of the Houyhnhnms of Gulliver, by tioned performance is not sufficiently powerful, were made in the following manner. After the late Sawrey Gilpin, we do not remember this is rather ultra in that respect. It is a being freely suspended by a silk thread divested to have seen the actions and passions of the very clever little picture, notwithstanding. of tension, the needle was turned somewhat horse exhibited with more skill and variety, No. 458. The Deluge. W. Brockedon. more than 40 out of the magnetic meridian, and aided with more power of imagination, This scene of appaling desolation, exhibiting and the oscillations counted only when the arc than in this very clever work. We do not, amidst the wreck of creation the last sad surof vibration had decreased to 40°. The times however, think that Mr. Woodward has been vivor of the human race, is one of dreadful |