to the astonished citizen.

inhabitants of that wild region. The funeral crouching behind battlements, no fighting Though it may vex, or perhaps enrage you, of Gilchrist Maclan, the chief of the clan Que- with missile weapons,-all is hand to hand, let me end these visions by saying at once hele or Kay, and the banquet which follows it, till hands can no longer be raised to maintain Catharine can never be yours. A glove is are detailed with all the spirit of the author: the ghastly conflict.If such a field is so hor- the emblem of faith, and a man of my craft the natural panorama on Loch Tay, the boat rible in idea, what think you it will be in should, therefore, less than any other, break procession, the wailing of the mourners, the reality?' The Glover remained silent. I his own. Catharine's hand is promised harsh notes of the national bagpipe sweetened say again, what think you?" I can only promised to a man whom you may hate, but into music by distance, the installation of Eachin pity you, Conachar,' said Simon. It is hard whom you must honour-to Henry the Aror Conachar in his father's seat, are splendid to be the descendant of a lofty line-the son mourer. The match is fitting by degree, instances of graphic and descriptive powers. of a noble father-the leader by birth of a agreeable to their mutual wishes, and I have Here, however, the most important point is a gallant array and yet to want, or think you given my promise. It is best to be plain at midnight interview between the youthful chief- want (for still I trust the fault lies much in once-resent my refusal as you will-I am tain and his quondam master the Glover; in a quick fancy, that over-estimates danger), to wholly in your power. But nothing shall which the former, after having been refused want that dogged quality, which is possessed make me break my word.' The Glover spoke the hand of Catharine, confides his fatal secret by every game-cock that is worth a handful thus decidedly, because he was aware, from of corn, every hound that is worth a mess of experience, that the very irritable disposition "I understand your tale,' said Eachin; offal, But how chanced it, that with such of his former apprentice yielded, in most cases, but I shall find it difficult to make you a consciousness of inability to fight in this to stern and decided resolution. Yet, recol credit mine, knowing the race of which I am battle, you proffered even now to share your lecting where he was, it was with some feeldescended, and especially him whom we have chiefdom with my daughter? Your power ings of fear that he saw the dying flame leap this day laid in the tomb-well that he lies must depend on your fighting this combat, and up, and spread a flash of light on the visage where he will never learn what you are now in that Catharine cannot help you.' You of Eachin, which seemed pale as the grave, to hear! Look, my father-the light which mistake, old man,' replied Eachin; were while his eye rolled like that of a maniac in I bear grows short and pale,-a few minutes Catharine to look kindly on the earnest love his fever-fit. The light instantly sunk down will extinguish it but before it expires, the I bear her, it would carry me against the and died, and Simon felt a momentary terror, hideous tale will be told.-Father, I am a front of the enemies with the mettle of a lest he should have to dispute for his life with coward!It is said at last, and the secret war-horse. Overwhelming as my sense of the youth, whom he knew to be capable of of my disgrace is in keeping of another!' The weakness is, the feeling that Catharine looked violent actions when highly excited, however young man sunk back in a species of syncope, on would give me strength. Say yet-oh, short a period his nature could support the produced by the agony of his mind as he made say yet she shall be mine if we gain the measures which his passion commenced. He the fatal communication. The Glover, moved combat; and not the Gow Chrom himself, was relieved by the voice of Eachin, who mutas well by fear as by compassion, applied him- whose heart is of a piece with his anvil, ever tered in a hoarse and altered tone, Let self to recall him to life, and succeeded in went to battle so light as I shall do! One what we have spoken this night rest in sidoing so, but not in restoring him to com- strong passion is conquered by another. This lence for ever If thou bring'st it to light, posure. He hid his face with his hands, and his is folly, Conachar. Cannot the recollections thou wert better dig thine own grave.' Thus tears flowed plentifully and bitterly. For of your interest, your honour, your kindred, speaking, the door of the hut opened, adOur Lady's sake, be composed,' said the old do as much to stir your courage, as the mitting a gleam of moonshine. The form of man, and recall the vile word! I know thoughts of a brent-browed lass? Fie upon the retiring chief crossed it for an instant, you better than yourself-you are no coward, you, man!" You tell me but what I have the hurdle door was then closed, and the hut but only too young and inexperienced, ay, told myself but it is in vain,' replied Eachin, left in darkness.” and somewhat too quick of fancy, to have with a sigh. It is only whilst the timid stag In a subsequent scene, where a doe is killed the steady valour of a bearded man. I would is paired with the doe, that he is desperate and in hunting, Eachin also confesses his moral hear no other man say that of you, Conachar, dangerous. Be it from constitution-be it, as infirmity to Torquil, his valiant and devoted without giving him the lie-You are no cow-our Highland cailliachs will say, from the milk foster-father, who imputes it to necromancy, ard I have seen high sparks of spirit fly of the white doe-be it from my peaceful edu- and turns all his thoughts to avert its effects, from you even on slight enough provocation.' cation, and the experience of your strict re- and save his chief on the day of battle. High sparks of pride and passion!' said the straint-be it, as you think, from an over- Meanwhile Rothsay is induced by Ramorny unfortunate youth; but when saw you them heated fancy, which paints danger yet more to fly from Perth, and seek refuge in Falkland, supported by the resolution that should have dangerous and ghastly than it is in reality, whither Catharine is seduced, (charged with backed them? The sparks you speak of, fell I cannot tell. But I know my failing, and heretical opinions, as well as her father) under en my dastardly heart as on a piece of ice, yes, it must be said!-so sorely dread that I the plea of being placed within the protection which could catch fire from nothing if my cannot conquer it, that, could I have your of the duchess, who has, however, left the place. offended pride urged me to strike, my weak-consent to my wishes on such terms, I would On his way, the Prince again encounters Louise, Dess of mind prompted me the next moment even here make a pause, renounce the rank the glee-maiden, and carries her along with to fly. Want of habit,' said Simon; it is I have assumed, and retire into humble life.' him. She is called upon to exercise her talent; by clambering over walls that youths learn to What, turn glover at last, Conachar?' said and we are told, "the maiden sung a melanscale precipices. Begin with slight feuds Simon; this beats the legend of St. Crispin. choly dirge in Norman French; the words, of exercise daily the arms of your country in Nay, nay, your hand was not framed for that; which the following is an imitation, were tourney with your followers.' And what you shall spoil me no more doe-skins. Jest united to a tune as doleful as they are themleisure is there for this?' exclaimed the young not,' said Eachin, I am serious. If I cannot selves: chief, starting as if something horrid had oc- labour, I will bring wealth enough to live curred to his imagination. How many days without it. They will proclaim me recreant are there betwixt this hour and Palm Sunday, with horn and war-pipe-Let them do so and what is to chance then?-A list enclosed, Catharine will love me the better that I have from which no man can stir, more than the preferred the paths of peace to those of bloodpoor bear who is chained to his stake. Sixty shed; and Father Clement shall teach us to Irving men, the best and fiercest, (one alone pity and forgive the world, which will load excepted!) which Albyn can send down from us with reproaches that wound not. I shall her mountains, all athirst for each other's be the happiest of men-Catharine will enjoy blood, while a king and his nobles, and shout-all that unbounded affection can confer upon ing thousands besides, attend, as at a theatre, her, and will be freed from apprehension of encourage their demoniac fury! Blows the sights and sounds of horror, which your dang, and blood flows, thicker, faster, redder ill-assorted match would have prepared for -they rush on each other like madmen her; and you, Father Glover, shall occupy they tear each other like wild beasts-the your chimney-corner, the happiest and most vanded are trodden to death amid the feet honoured man that ever- Hold, Eachin of their companions! Blood ebbs, arms be--I pr'ythee, hold,' said the Glover; the fir me weak-but there must be no parley, no light, with which this discourse must termiace, no interruption, while any of the nate, burns very low, and I would speak a sumed wretches remain alive! Here is not word in my turn, and plain dealing is best.

6

Yes, thou may'st sigh,

And look once more at all around,
At stream and bank, and sky and ground.
Thy life its final course has found,
And thou must die.

Yes, lay thee down,

And while thy struggling pulses flutter,
Bid the gray monk his soul-mass mutter,
And the deep bell its death-tone utter→→
Thy life is gone.

Be not afraid.

'Tis but a pang, and then a thrill,

A fever-fit, and then a chill;
And then an end of human ill,
For thou art dead."

• Another of her songs, in honour of the brave Smith, who had saved her from persecution, was, we are in"Bold and True."

formed, long a favourite in Scotland, under the title of

"Oh, Bold and True,
In bonnet blue,

That fear or falsehood never knew;
Whose heart was loyal to his word,
Whose hand was faithful to his sword
Seek Europe wide, from sea to sea,
But bonny Blue-cap still for me!

At Falkland the deceived Prince enters into some dissolute frolics, which heighten the horror of his approaching catastrophe. Repelled by the virtuous Catharine, the hapless Rothsay is immured in a dungeon, and starved almost to death: he is, however, momentarily succoured by the women, but finally despatched by the assassins. The glee-maiden escapes, and informs Douglas, who advances, takes Falkland, and hangs these bloodhounds, Ramorny, Dwin. ing, and Bonthron. The interest of the novel, which, as we have stated, grows throughout this last volume, still continues to increase as it verges to its close, with the dreadful contest at the Inch. Of this we must quote a few passages. "The mountain minstrelsy, which sounded the appropriate pibrochs or battle-tunes of the rival confederacies, was silent when they entered on the Inch, for such was the order which had been given. Two stately, but aged warriors, each bearing the banner of his tribe, advanced to the opposite extremities of the lists, and pitching their standards into the earth, prepared to be spectators of a fight in which they were not to join. The pipers, who were also to be neutral in the strife, took their places by their respective brattachs. The multitude received both bands with the same general shout with which on similar occasions they welcome those from whose exertion they expect amusement, or what they term sport. The destined combatants returned no answer to this greeting, but each party advanced to the opposite extremities of the lists, where were entrances by which they were to be admitted to the interior."

you were taught the thrust, but not the parry; and fetching a blow at his antagonist, which cleft his skull through the steel-cap, he strode over the lifeless body to engage the young chief, who now stood open before him. But the sonorous voice of Torquil thundered out, Far eil air son Eachin!' (Another for Hector!) and the two brethren who flanked their chief on each side thrust forward upon Henry, and, striking both at once, compelled him to keep the defensive. Forward, race

wild cat for the day, and be killed a little in old Torquil, folding him in his arms, loaded
his service. That's all.' How?' exclaimed him with praises and with blessings."
the Smith, eagerly; do they make procla- The second encounter is yet more fatal and
mation for a man to fight against the Clan decisive than the first.
"The wild pibroch
Quhele?' Ay, marry do they,' said Griffin; again sounded the onset; but the two parties
but I think they will find no such fools in approached each other more slowly than at
Perth.' He had hardly said the word, when first, as men who knew and respected each
he beheld the Smith clear the barriers at a other's valour. Henry Wynd, in his impa-
single bound, and alight in the lists, saying, tience to begin the contest, advanced before
Here am I, Sir Herald, Henry of the Wynd, the Clan Chattan, and signed to Eachin to
willing to do battle with the Clan Quhele.' come on. Norman, however, sprang forward
A cry of admiration ran through the multi- to cover his foster-brother, and there was a
tude, while the grave burghers, not being able general, though momentary pause, as if both
to conceive the slightest reason for Henry's parties were willing to obtain an omen of the
behaviour, concluded that his head must be fate of the day, from the event of this duel.
absolutely turned with the love of fighting. The Highlander advanced, with his large
The provost was especially shocked. Thou sword uplifted, as in act to strike; but just as
art mad,' he said, Henry! Thou hast neither he came within sword's length, he dropt the
two-handed sword nor shirt of mail.' 'Truly, long and cumbrous weapon, leapt lightly over
no,' said Henry, for I parted with a mail- the Smith's sword, as he fetched a cut at
shirt, which I had made for myself, to yonder him, drew his dagger, and being thus within
gay chief of the Clan Quhele, who will soon Henry's guard, struck him with the weapon
find on his shoulders with what sort of blows (his own gift) on the side of the throat, di-
I clink my rivets! As for two-handed sword, recting the blow downwards into the chest,
why this boy's brand will serve my turn till I and calling aloud, at the same time, You
can master a heavier one.' This must not taught me the stab!' But Henry Wynd wore
be,' said Errol. Hark thee, armourer, by his own good hauberk, doubly defended with a
Saint Mary, thou shalt have my Milan hauberk lining of tempered steel. Had he been less
and good Spanish sword.' I thank your noble surely armed, his combats had been ended
earlship, Sir Gilbert Hay; but the yoke with for ever. Even as it was, he was slightly
which your brave ancestor turned the battle at wounded. Fool!' he replied, striking Nor-
Loncarty, would serve my turn well enough. man a blow with the pommel of his long
I am little used to sword or harness that I sword, which made him stagger backwards,
have not wrought myself, because I do not
well know what blows the one will bear out
without being cracked, or the other lay on
without snapping.' The cry had in the mean-
while run through the multitude, and passed
into the town, that the dauntless Smith was
about to fight without armour, when, just as
the fated hour was approaching, the shrill
voice of a female was heard screaming for pass-
age through the crowd. The multitude gave
place to her importunity, and she advanced,
breathless with haste, under the burden of a of the tiger-cat!' cried MacGillie Chattanach;
mail hauberk and a large two-handed sword. save the brave Saxon! let these kites feel
The widow of Oliver Proudfute was soon recog-your talons! Already much wounded, the
nised, and the arms which she bore were those chief dragged himself up to the Smith's assist-
of the Smith himself, which, occupied by her ance and cut down one of the Leichtach, by
husband on the fatal evening when he was whom he was assailed. Henry's own good
murdered, had been naturally conveyed to his sword rid him of the other.
"Reist air son
house with the dead body, and were now, by Eachin!' (Again for Hector!) shouted the
the exertions of his grateful widow, brought faithful foster-father. 'Bas air son Eachin!'
to the lists at a moment when such proved (Death for Hector!) answered two more of his
weapons were of the last consequence to their devoted sons, and opposed themselves to the
owner. Henry joyfully received the well-fury of the Smith and those who had come to
known arms, and the widow with trembling his aid; while Eachin, moving towards the
haste assisted in putting them on, and then left wing of the battle, sought less formidable
took leave of him, saying, 'God for the orphans' adversaries, and again, by some show of va-
champion, and ill luck to all who come before lour, revived the sinking hopes of his fol-
him!""
lowers. The two children of the oak, who
had covered this movement, shared the fate of
their brethren; for the cry of the Clan Chat-
tan chief had drawn to that part of the field
tion, the bloody plaids and shirts of their party some of his bravest warriors. The sons of
(for several on both sides had thrown their Torquil did not fall unavenged, but left
mantles away), shewed more wounded men dreadful marks of their swords on the persons
than the Clan Quhele. About twenty of both of the dead and living. But the necessity
sides lay on the field dead or dying; and arms of keeping their most distinguished soldiers
and legs lopped off, heads cleft to the chine, around the person of their chief, told to dis-
slashes deep through the shoulder into the advantage on the general event of the combat ;
breast, shewed at once the fury of the combat, and so few were now the number who re-
the ghastly character of the weapons used, and mained fighting, that it was easy to see that
the fatal strength of the arms which wielded the Clan Chattan had fifteen of their number
them. The chief of the Clan Chattan had left, though most of them wounded; and that
behaved himself with the most determined of the Clan Quhele, only about ten remained,
courage, and was slightly wounded. Eachin of whom there were four of the chief's body.
also had fought with spirit, surrounded by guard, including Torquil himself. They
his body-guard. His sword was bloody; his fought and struggled on, however, and as their
bearing bold and warlike; and he smiled when strength decayed, their fury seemed to in-

The thirtieth man of the Clan Chattan does not appear; Torquil, on the other side, having managed his absence, in the hope that he may get his chief, as also the youngest combatant, left out of the sanguinary struggle; but it is otherwise decreed: the heralds proclaim" that if any one will take his share with Clan Chattan of the honours and chances of this day, he shall have, present payment of a gold crown, and liberty to fight to the death in the ranks.You are something chary of your treasure, chief,' said the Earl Marshal; a gold crown is poor payment for such a campaign as is before you.' If there be any man willing to fight for honour,' replied MacGillie Chattanach, the price will be enough; and I want not the service of a fellow who draws his sword for gold alone.' The heralds had made their progress, moving half way round the lists, stopping from time to time, to make proclamation as they had been directed, without the least apparent disposition on the part of any one to accept of the proffered enlistment. Some sneered at the poverty of the Highlanders, who set so mean a price upon such a desperate service. Others After the first terrible onslaught, "It seemed affected resentment, that they should esteem as if the Clan Chattan had lost rather fewer the blood of citizens so lightly. None shewed men than their antagonists; but in compensathe slightest intention to undertake the task proposed, until the sound of the proclamation reached Henry of the Wynd, as he stood without the barrier, speaking from time to time with Bailie Craigdallie, or rather listening vaguely to what the magistrate was saying to him. Ha! what proclaim they?' he cried 'A liberal offer on the part of MacGillie Chattanach,' said the Host of the Griffin, who proposes a gold crown to any one who will turn

out.

I've seen Almain's proud champions prance-
Have seen the gallant knights of France,
Unrivall'd with the sword and lance-
Have seen the sons of England true,
Wield the brown bill and bend the yew.
Search France the fair, and England free,
But bonny Blue-cap still for me!"

•

The Lay of pour Louise.
"Ah, poor Louise! The live-long day
She roams from cot to castle gay;
And still her voice and viol say,
Ah, maids beware the woodland way-

Think on Louise!

Ah, poor Louise! The sun was high,
It smirch'd her cheek, it dimm'd her eye,
The woodland walk was cool and nigh,
Where birds with chiming streamlets vie

crease. Henry Wynd, now wounded in many | struck down one of the Clan Chattan, as he have only room to repeat, that the character of places, was still bent on breaking through, or met them successively straggling towards him. the giddy and irresolute Rothsay is also porexterminating, the band of bold hearts who Brave battle, hawk-well flown, falcon!' ex- trayed with great truth and feeling; and that continued to fight around the object of his claimed the multitude, as they witnessed ex- Louise, the glee-maiden, is original and inanimosity. But still the father's shout of, ertions which seemed, even at this last hour, teresting-more so, in fact, than the heroine ; 'Another for Hector!' was cheerfully an- to threaten a change of the fortunes of the and we cannot do better than vary the sadness swered by the fatal countersign, Death for day. Suddenly these cries were hushed into of the foregoing tragedy by copying the only Hector!' and though the Clan Quhele were silence, and succeeded by a clashing of swords remaining poetry, of which she is made the now outnumbered, the combat seemed still so dreadful, as if the whole conflict had re- pleasing instrument. dubious. It was bodily lassitude alone that commenced in the person of Henry Wynd and again compelled them to another pause. The Torquil of the Oak. They cut, foined, hewed, Clan Chattan were then observed to be twelve and thrust, as if they had drawn their blades in number, but two or three were scarce able for the first time that day; and their inveteto stand without leaning on their swords. racy was mutual, for Torquil recognised the Five were left of the Clan Quhele; Torquil foul wizard, who, as he supposed, had cast a and his youngest son were of the number, spell over his child; and Henry saw before both slightly wounded. Eachin alone had, him the giant, who, during the whole conflict from the vigilance used to intercept all blows had interrupted the purpose for which alone levelled against his person, escaped without he had joined the combatants. They fought injury. The rage of both parties had sunk with an equality which, perhaps, would not through exhaustion into sullen desperation. have existed, had not Henry, more wounded They walked staggering, as if in their sleep, than his antagonist, been somewhat deprived through the carcasses of the slain, and gazed of his usual agility. Meanwhile Eachin, findon them, as if again to animate their hatred ing himself alone, after a disorderly and vain towards their surviving enemies, by viewing attempt to put on his foster-brother's harness, the friends they had lost. The multitude became animated by an emotion of shame and soon after beheld the survivors of the desperate despair, and hurried forward to support his conflict drawing together to renew the exter-foster-father in the terrible struggle, ere some minating feud on the banks of the river, as other of the Clan Chattan should come up. the spot least slippery with blood, and less encumbered with the bodies of the slain." In the third and last affray the standardbearers and pipers of both sides join the battle and are slain by each other.

When he was within five yards, and sternly
determined to take his share in the death-
fight, his foster-father fell, cleft from the
collar-bone well nigh to the heart, and mur-
muring with his last breath, Bas air son Ea-
"Meanwhile, young Tormot, devoted, like chin! The unfortunate youth saw the fall of
his brethen, by his father Torquil to the his last friend, and at the same moment be-
protection of his chief, had been mortally held the deadly enemy who had hunted him
wounded by the unsparing sword of the through the whole field, standing within
Smith. The other two remaining of the Clan sword's point of him, and brandishing the
Quhele had also fallen; and Torquil, with huge weapon which had hewed its way to his
his foster-son, and the wounded Tormot, forced life through so many obstacles. Perhaps this
to retreat before eight or ten of the Clan Chat- was enough to bring his constitutional timidity
tan, made a stand on the bank of the river, to its highest point; or perhaps he recollected
while their enemies were making such ex-at the same moment that he was without de-
ertions as their wounds would permit to come fensive armour, and that a line of enemies,
up with them. Torquil had just reached the halting indeed and crippled, but eager for
spot where he had resolved to make the stand, revenge and blood, were closely approaching.
when the youth Tormot dropped and expired. It is enough to say, that his heart sickened,
His death drew from his father the first and his eyes darkened, his ears tingled, his brain
only sigh which he had breathed throughout turned giddy-all other considerations were
the eventful day. My son Tormot!' he lost in the apprehension of instant death; and
said, my youngest and dearest! But if I drawing one ineffectual blow at the Smith, he
save Hector, I save all. Now, my darling avoided that which was aimed at him in re-
Dault, I have done for thee all that man may, turn, by bounding backward; and ere the
excepting the last. Let me undo the clasps of former could recover his weapon, Eachin had
that ill-omened armour, and do thou put on plunged into the stream. A roar of contumely
that of Tormot; it is light, and will fit thee pursued him as he swam across the river."
well. While you do so I will rush on these Having devoted so much of our space to this
crippled men and make what play with them I splendid and stirring narration, in a line in
can. I trust I shall have but little to do, for which the Author of Waverley surpasses all
they are following each other like disabled other men, mingling the glow of the valiant
steers. At least, darling of my soul, if I am warrior with the diction of the inspired min-
unable to save thee, I can show thee how a strel, we are sorry that we cannot extract, as
man should die.' While Torquil thus spoke, we purposed, the pathetic traits of the cha-
he unloosed the clasps of the young chief's racter of King Robert. They will be seen
hauberk, in the simple belief that he could particularly in Vol. I. pp. 227-8, 234-5, 254-5,
thus break the meshes which fear and necro-268; but are, indeed, exquisite throughout,
mancy had twined about his heart. My and most touchingly concluded by his ex-
father, my father, my more than parent!' said clamation when he learns the fate of his erring
the unhappy Eachin- Stay with me!-with but beloved son.

you by my side I feel I can fight to the last.' "Be silent, Robert," said he to Albany, who
It is impossible,' said Torquil. I will stop protested his innocence; "be silent! add not
them coming up, while you put on the hau- perjury to murder. And was this all done to
berk. God eternally bless thee, beloved of my gain a step nearer to a crown and sceptre?
soul!" And then, brandishing his sword, Tor-Take them to thee at once, man; and mayst
quil of the Oak rushed forward with the same thou feel, as I have done, that they are both
fatal war-cry which had so often sounded over of red-hot iron !—Oh, Rothsay, Rothsay! thou
that bloody field, Bas air son Eachin!-The hast at least escaped being a king!"
words rung three times in a voice of thunder;
and each time that he cried his war-shout he

Except the lamentation of the Psalmist for
Absalom, we know of no parallel to this. We

To cheer Louise.

Ah, poor Louise! The savage bear
Made ne'er that lovely grove his lair;
The wolves molest not paths so fair-
But better far had such been there

For poor Louise.

Ah, poor Louise! In woody wold
She met a huntsman fair and bold;
His baldrick was of silk and gold,
And many a witching tale he told

To poor Louise.

Ah, poor Louise! Small cause to pine
Hadst thou for treasures of the mine;
For peace of mind, that gift divine,
And spotless innocence, were thine,

Ah, poor Louise!

Ah, poor Louise! Thy treasure's reft!
I know not if by force or theft,
Or part by violence, part by gift;
But misery is all that's left

To poor Louise.

Let poor Louise some succour have!
She will not long your bounty crave,
Or tire the gay with warning stave
For heaven has grace, and earth a grave,

For poor Louise."
To this we must add the chant over the body
of Proudfute, for the sake of taking in all the
poems with which the author has adorned his

work.

"Viewless Essence, thin and bare,
Well nigh melted into air,

Still with fondness hovering near
The earthly form thou once didst wear;
Pause upon thy pinion's flight,
Be thy course to left or right-
Be thou doom'd to soar or sink,
Pause upon the awful brink.
To avenge the deed expelling
Thee untimely from thy dwelling,
Mystic force thou shalt retain
O'er the blood and o'er the brain.
When the form thou shalt espy
That darken'd on thy closing eye-
When the footstep thou shalt hear
That thrill'd upon thy dying ear,-

Then strange sympathies shall wake,
The flesh shall thrill, the nerves shall quake;
The wounds renew their clotter'd flood,
And every drop cry, Blood for blood !""

Researches in South Africa: illustrating the Civil, Moral, and Religious Condition of the Native Tribes: including Journals of the Author's Travels in the Interior; together with Detailed Accounts of the Progress of the Christian Missions, exhibiting the Influence of Christianity in Promoting Civilisation. By the Rev. John Philip, D.D., Superintendent of the Missions of the London Missionary Society at the Cape of Good Hope, &c. 2 vols. 8vo. London, 1828.

J. Duncan.

FROM this ample title-page the reader may form a correct idea of the character and objects of this publication, which is replete with much valuable intelligence on all the points of which it treats. Dr. Philip is not only an able man, but an enthusiastic one, in a righteous cause; for though it is not within our province to discuss the questions between him

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and those opposed to him, his brethren, and | Hottentots, Bushmen, &c. follows; and their | "In the fountains in this country there is system at the Cape, we are free to express cruel treatment by the original European a species of large water-snake. The Bechuanas our general opinion, that any mismanagement colonists, is detailed in numerous instances of consider these creatures sacred, and believe that and any evils which may detract from the oppression and slaughter. The first missions if one of them is killed, the fountain will be beneficial tendency of missionary labours, are are then described, and the progress of Christi-dried up. but as atoms, when compared to the mass of anity: biographies of various missionaries, "The Bechuanas, and all the Caffre tribes, good which they are calculated to produce. with accounts of their labours, also fill up this have no idea of any man dying except from With a more earnest friend and zealous ad- division. Dr. P. states, that government at hunger, violence, or witchcraft. If a man die, vocate of the native tribes of South Africa, than one period sanctioned a plan for exterminating even at the age of ninety, if he do not die of the author, it has not been our lot to meet; the natives; and contends throughout, that the hunger or by violence, his death is imputed to and it is a consequence of the warmth which he colonial functionaries and boors league to in-sorcery or to witchcraft, and blood is required displays, that we should, even more carefully terfere between the aborigines and their reli- to expiate or avenge it. This sometimes gives than is our common practice, abstain from gious instructors, to defeat their just rights, rise to indescribable scenes of slaughter and entering upon the party questions and debatable and, in fine, to tyrannise over them. Against misery. Where the person who dies a natural grounds, which he advances for discussion and these things he appeals to the British govern-death has no one to avenge it, or if the person We will, therefore, pass over mat-ment, and claims for Hottentots, Caffres, &c., supposed to have occasioned his death is powerters which are of great interest to the mis- as a free people, liberal institutions and just laws. ful, the feeling, of course, is smothered; but sionary establishments, to political and religious The second volume relates to the origin on the death of chiefs or great men, those at arrangements, to government, and to indi- of the Bushmen, who are represented as su-variance with them are generally suspected, viduals; and confine ourselves to those parts perior to the general idea entertained of them. and a natural death is followed by many mur. of the work which throw light upon the in- The author adds, that they are hunted and ders." terior of Africa, in addition to what we before massacred, without provocation, by the colopossess, from the pens of Barrow, Campbell, nists on the borders of their territories; in Burchell, Thompson, and other travellers. proof of which the testimony of Uithaalder, It may, however, be expedient to sketch the a chief, is, among other statements, adduced. preceding contents. The Griquas are, it is asserted, equally oppressed but we pass to more popular and grateful subjects. Ex. gr. lion-hunting.

contest.

In his preface, Dr. P. says:

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Mr. Moffat, the missionary, penetrated 300 miles beyond Lattakoo, where he found a very populous country: the following extracts are from his Journal.

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Maroch, a son of Makabba the king, joined him; and he says, "The wife of Maroch was My object in the composition of these formerly wife of the Baharootsee rain-maker, pages has not been to expose men, but mea- "The lion, which in many points of his who left Lattakoo in 1822. It appears, from sures; and in preparing them for the press I character resembles the dog, differs from him her account, that Makabba had invited him have studied as much as possible to divest in this, that his hearing is not so acute, and to his capital, and after the store-houses were myself of all personal feelings. My motto in he is not, for that reason, easily awaked. filled with corn, (the supposed result of the all my labours in this cause has uniformly been When a lion is asleep, particularly after he has rain-maker's pretended skill,) charged him -I shall nothing extenuate, nor set down gorged himself with his prey, you may walk with having bewitched his child, who was sick; aught in malice.' The necessity of bringing round about him without disturbing him; and and, laying hands on him, killed him, and gave forward the names of so many individuals in he has this property, that, if he is awaked by his wife to his own son." connexion with the disclosures made in these any thing striking or falling upon him, he loses "We inyoked early," continues Mr. M., volumes, has been to me the most painful part all presence of mind, and instantly flies off," and before we proceeded far, were met by of the task imposed upon me in the present if he is not confined, in the direction in which messengers from Makabba, who said, he had undertaking." he happens to be lying at the time." The not slept for joy because of our approach. "The subject of the present volumes renders wolf and the tiger generally retire to the We passed many women who were employed in it necessary that something should be said in caverns and the ravines of the mountains; their gardens; on seeing us, they threw down this place of the circumstances in which they but the lion is most usually found in the open their picks, and ran to the waggons, lifting up originated, and of the object proposed by their plain, and in the neighbourhood of the flocks their hands and exclaiming Rumaila,' (their publication. The sufferings of the natives of antelopes, which invariably seek the open manner of salutation); which was followed by under the Dutch government have been fully country, and which manifest a kind of in- shrill cries, sufficient to affright the very oxen. depicted by Mr. Barrow; but it did not begin stinctive aversion to places in which their Seeing that the waggons were obliged to take to be suspected in England till lately, how little powerful adversary may spring upon them a circuitous road over the hill to the town, their condition has been improved by the suddenly and unexpectedly. It has been re- we saddled our horses to cross by the nearest change of masters they experienced when the marked of the lion, by the Bushmen, that way. On reaching the summit of the hill, English took possession of the Cape. It seems he generally kills and devours his prey in the at the bottom of which lay the metropolis to have been too easily taken for granted, that morning at sun-rise, or at sun-set. On this of the Wankeets, lifting our eyes northward, because we could declaim against Dutch in-account, when they intend to kill lions, they we were greatly surprised on beholding the humanity, and because the natives in the first generally notice where the spring-bucks are number of towns which lay scattered in the instance viewed our conquest of the colony as a grazing at the rising of the sun; and by ob-valleys. Our guide conducted us through a deliverance, that all their early expectations serving, at the same time, if they appear fright-winding street to the habitation of Makabba, had been realised, and that their oppressions ened and run off, they conclude that they have who stood at the door of one of his houses, and had passed away with the power of their been attacked by the lion. Marking accurately welcomed us to the town in the usual way. He former masters. Such were the impressions, at the spot where the alarm took place, about seemed astonished and pleased to see us all least, under which I arrived at the Cape of eleven o'clock in the day, when the sun is Good Hope in 1819, and such were the feelings powerful, and the enemy they seek is supI endeavoured to cherish, till I could no longer posed to be fast asleep, they carefully examine retain them." the ground, and, finding him in a state of unThere is another and rather more startling guarded security, they lodge a poisoned arrow assertion in this preface. in his breast. The moment the lion is thus "Government may support an ecclesiastical struck, he springs from his lair, and bounds off establishment among a people professing Chris-as helpless as the stricken deer. The work is tianity; but a missionary society, possessing done; the arrow of death has pierced his heart, the efficiency necessary to bring savages or without even breaking the slumbers of the barbarians into a state to call for such a provision, is an apparatus which human government can neither fabricate nor conduct with success."

What power could then constitute a missionary society? Does the author mean that it is superhuman? But, as we have said, we are not disputants.

Dr. P. sets out with the early Portuguese and Dutch visits to the Cape, and the settlement of the latter. An historical view of the

without arms, remarking, with a hearty laugh, that he wondered we should trust ourselves, unarmed, in the town of such a villain as he was reported to be.

"About sunset, Makabba sent one of his wives, stating, that the only mark of respect which he could at present shew, was, that he had sent his most beloved wife, who would deliver to us a sack full of thick milk, and that to-morrow he would provide us with lioness which may have been lying beside him; slaughter-oxen. The sack was so large that and the Bushman knows where, in the course one man was not able to bear it to the wagof a few hours, or even less time, he will find him dead, or in the agonies of death."

Of the Bechuana superstitions, the subjoined examples are given :

"One of the keepers at Exeter 'Change was lately killed by a lion, from his ignorance of this peculiarity. On going into the cage of the lion and awakening him, the animal, not seeing any way of escape, instantly killed the man, whom, probably, under other circumstances, he would have caressed."

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gons.
"I made him a present of beads and buttons,
with a number of other trinkets. I also gave
him a hat; one of the Griquas directed him
to put it on his head, which he did, but im-
mediately removed it to the head of another,
saying, that he could not see its beauty on
his own.'
During the night, we
were annoyed with hyenas, of which there

The

ORIGINAL CORRESPONDENCE.
Paris, May 12, 1828.

are three sorts, the striped, spotted, and an-other animals which happen to sleep near the garters, caps, ribands, waistcoats à 15 sous river. To the north of the Molopo is found la pièce, were the chief goods on sale; and other very small.+ "I visited the town, which is very large; the boa constrictor. This animal is sometimes a booth filled with statues of Napoleon at 10 I am not able to judge of the number of in- seen upwards of twenty feet long, and from two sous la pièce.-Un Napoléon à 10 sous!! habitants; but the town itself covers at least to three in circumference. The skin of those "How are the mighty fallen!" In the midst eight times more ground than any town I have I have seen exactly resembles that of the com- of all this display, a platform was erected for yet seen among the Bechuanas, so that the mon boa constrictor; but they are less danger- des acteurs ambulants, on which a demoipopulation must be very great, compared to ous, as they seldom attack man. They usually selle, past her twenties, with head decked in silver jupon, performed with all the confidence of South African towns in general: thus, the prey on a species of antelope, which they seize, faded roses, and limbs adorned with a tarnished dominions of the Wankeets would form an ex-divide in two, and swallow." This being the farthest and latest mission a prima donna: her companions, dressed in half tensive field of missionary labour. Makabba's wives, who are numerous, have each a separate with which we are acquainted, we shall content militaire, half court dresses, acted a piece called establishment, consisting of three or four houses, ourselves with the foregoing extracts, and con- the Rivals, and attracted the attention and apa corn-house, and a general store-house. They clude by recommending Dr. Philip's work to plause of messrs. les gardes du corps, les gens have also a number of round jars for corn, every one interested in the important questions d'armes, and les bons citoyens. These comedians monkeys, whose receipts, I rather think, exfrom eight to twelve feet in diameter, and which he examines, whether they agree with, had, however, formidable rivals in a group of ceeded theirs; and with some justice; for their nearly the same in height, which are raised or are adverse to, him. performance was certainly superior: they also from the ground upon a circle of stones. Their received their share of public honours, and repremises and houses are on a plan rather different from what I have seen elsewhere. houses are not larger, but they are built with THIS is the season of fairs, fêtes, and repent- tired with their master amidst loud cheering. Mont Calvaire was thickly thronged Beggars, old fiddlers, organ-players, balladsomewhat more regard to taste and com-ance. fort. Their outer yards and last week by those who happily imagine that singers, fortune-tellers, attended in large numhouse-floors are very clean, and smooth as the year's sinning is effaced by an open confes-bers; but, I believe, were much less fortunate paper. No dairy-maid in England could keep sion. If the intent of him who dedicated this than messrs. les singes in their speculationsrent of noises of all kinds. her wooden bowl cleaner and whiter than they. spot to religious purposes was to raise man's their appeal to humanity being lost in the torDéjeûners dansantes are now the rage. The In this respect, they form a perfect contrast thoughts "From nature up to nature's God," to the Batcihapees. The front cattle-fold, or place where public meetings are held, is a no situation could be better chosen; for few, Ambassador of Austria has rendered these encircle of 170 feet diameter, formed with round if any, I believe, can look from the summit of tertainments à la mode; and shady bowers and posts eight feet high, and as close to each other this mountain without experiencing that ad-green walks are preferred to wax lights and as they can stand, and each post is hewed round miration of the Creator which beautiful and night-watching. The manner the tables are with the axe. Behind lies the proper cattle- picturesque scenery seldom fails to awaken. laid is particularly favourable to tender lovers, fold, capable of holding many thousand oxen; The weather was delightful, and the hand of who generally manage to group together, and there are also large sheep-folds. In the early enchantment seemed suddenly to have created rid themselves of the watchful surveillance of part of the day, Makabba is generally em- a little world, where the rich forgot the fatigues jealous husbands and old duennas. Coquettes ployed in cutting out skins to sew together and ennui of pleasure, and the poor the toils who are on the wane find roses and lilies unfor cloaks: in the afternoon he is frequently and hardships of life: nor did the river Lethe favourable contrasts to their complexions, and found in a state of intemperance. He seems produce more thoroughly the effect of forget-exclaim loudly against the mauvais goût of dayan old man, although his mother is still alive. fulness of past sorrows, than the benediction of light re-unions: the sun, being a traitor, betrays He is tall, strong, and healthy, but has rather a messrs. les prêtres, who sent all light-hearted white paint, rouge, wigs, and all the parapher5 Hottentor look; and his countenance displays away. A feast, not with herbs and fruits nalia of ladies' deception. a good deal of cunning. From his conversation, supplied," but composed of ham, pies, fowls, one may easily discern that he is pretty not omitting the juice of the grape was here well versed in African politics. He dreads the and there spread on the grass by those providispleasure of none of the surrounding tribes; dent souls who foresaw the chances of hunger, but he fears the Makooas, or civilised people. and which was doubly relished, as partaken of War is almost perpetual between him and the on holy ground, and with pure consciences. Baqueans, a very populous nation to the N.E. Some sang, some walked, others conversed, but and E. Beyond the Baqueans lies the Mang-none were attacked with the spleen; and the watto tribe, distinguished for industry and tout ensemble was a sight such as to make the riches; and beyond the Mangwatto is the Maga- saddest heart forget its hours of bitterness. latsela, who seem to form the limits in that The Duchesse d'Angoulême also visited the direction of the aborigines of the country, for holy mount. Several other equipages, full of beyond them (they say) are a half-white people, elegants and elegantes, were, in consequence, who wear linen, and whose manners are very there. The court being a religious one, praying is the fashion; and Deists and Atheists become "The mountains here are adorned to their suddenly Christians and Fanatics-which me- very summits with stately trees and shrubs un-tamorphosis always leads to preferment. known in the more southern provinces of the continent, which give the country a fine appearance. The several sorts of game are nearly the same as those of the countries farther south. The rivers to the eastward are infested by an animal which, from the description of the natives, appears to be the crocodile. It is from six to twelve feet long, with four short legs, the scaly parts invulnerable, so that it can only be pierced in the belly or under the neck. It →is rather dangerous to cross rivers, as this animal is capable of seizing an ox, which it frequently does. The natives call it the quean, and it is probable that the nation inhabiting those parts derived their name from baquean, which is the plural of quean. The animal is amphibious, and frequently seizes dogs and

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savage.

One night one of these animals carried off a child,
they stroll through all the lanes of the town, and bear off

which was a common occurrence; for, after bed-time,
whatever they can seize.

Kean, like all great men, se fait desirer, and keeps curiosity on the alert: a soi-disant indisposition prevented his appearing last week ;to-night he is to perform in Richard the Third.-And now I have nothing more to say worth committing to paper, except that a duel took place between one of his majesty's guards and a fair lady, whom, it is said, broken vows and ill-requited love had reduced to despair. However, he who had the courage to break an oath, had no wish to stand fire; therefore managed to replace shot by more innocent materials; so that neither were wounded. They speak of instituting une cour d'honneur at Paris. It would be very useful as in private concerns honour does not exist: all is show: and the foundation of every principle is convenance and apparence.

ARTS AND SCIENCES. AFRICAN EXPEDITIONS, &c. IT is a curious coincidence, that the information we have been so anxiously looking for, as to the certain fate of Clapperton's mission to Soudan, should have been first communicated to Col. Denham, his former fellow-traveller.

As to see all that is going forward is called pleasure, I went to the fair of Versailles, which really is not worthy of mention, though It would be for days the road from Paris was lined with carriages of all sizes and sorts. difficult to take in with one coup d'ail a more incongruous mixture than this same fair preMagnificent equipages, filled with sented. Our readers are aware that Colonel Denham richly dressed dames; elegant tilburies, with their still more elegant masters; well fattened steeds, mounted by pampered valets; charettes left England in the winter of 1826 for Sierra containing 20 precious souls; one-horse car. Leone and the Gold Coast, under instructions riages, crammed with high and low ;-all arrive which had for their object the amelioration of péle mele, to see and be seen: the rich to pity the condition of the thousands of liberated the poor, the poor to envy the rich, and the Africans who are there located, after seizure boutiquiers hoping to cheat both. Booths were by his Majesty's ships cruising for the suppreserected opposite each other in a straight line; sion of the slave-trade-and that a system has the proprietors of which cried, "à gorge de- been adopted by that intelligent officer, which ployée, voilà messieurs et mesdames, voilà la bou-in its operation has already proved highly be tique," the contents of which proved the poverty neficial to this helpless and unhappy class of of the possessor. Pots, pans, cups, eravats, his Majesty's subjects, does not surprise us.