of parliamentary allowances, and will not confine charges within allowances for business done in Chancery. Solicitor and agent of company retained parliamentary agents on behalf of company; and bills of costs delivered to solicitor, but directors obtained order for taxation. Order irregular. Sudlow, in re, 182

After defendant put in his answer, plaintiff let his house, and went to reside at Boulogne, but had since occasionally been within jurisdiction. He denied all intention to reside abroad, but said it was pleasant to remain where he was then staying, and also denied leaving England to avoid jurisdiction. Plaintiff's explanation ambiguous, and security for costs required. Kennaway v. Tripp, 298

In information by Attorney General on behalf of Crown against city of London, Master allowed exceptions to further answer for insufficiency, and certified costs ought to be paid by corporation. Corporation took exceptions to Master's report, but did not except to that part of certificate stating they ought to pay costs. Leave afterwards obtained from Court to discuss liability of defendants to pay costs. No general rule in equity that Attorney General cannot receive costs because he does not pay them, and corporation not exempt from costs. Attorney Gen. v. Corporation of London, 339

Only those payments which are made in performance of professional duties and in a professional character, ought to be allowed as disbursements in solicitor's bill of costs. Remnant, in re, 374

One of defendants in suit to whom costs ordered to be paid by plaintiffs, died before taxation, and suit not revived. On motion by representative of deceased defendant, Court would not direct Master to proceed with taxation until suit had been revived, notwithstanding decree passed and entered, and costs, under 1 & 2 Vict. c. 110. s. 18, a charge upon real estate of plaintiffs. Robertson v. Southgate, 404 of obtaining money out of court. Chelwode, ex parte, 418

Each party directed to pay his own costs incurred by unnecessary litigation by defendant. Sentance v. Porter, 448

If plaintiff's motion successfully opposed by defendant on affidavits, and before answer, and rule is to reserve costs until hearing.-Secus, if plaintiff moves on defendant's answer. Waring v. Manchester, &c. Railway Co., 450

A. brought action against B. B. thereupon filed bill against A. in respect of matters which were subject of action. A. not entitled to security for costs. Watleeu v. Billam, 455

Suit to ascertain rights of plaintiff and others to certain property: plaintiff pending suit made three mortgages of his share to different persons who were brought before Court by supplemental bill. Decree made declaring plaintiff entitled to one-fifth of estate, and directing costs to be paid as between party and party out of aggregate fund. First mortgagee presented petition for payment of his principal, interest and costs, and plaintiff claimed extra costs as prior charges which was resisted by second mortgagee. Plaintiff not entitled to extra costs, but second mortgagee entitled to take fund, leaving plaintiff's costs in that respect unpaid. Smith v. Plomer, 456

By order made in cause case sent for opinion of court of law, and certificate returned in favour of plaintiff. By final decree in cause costs of suit generally given to plaintiff, but costs of case not mentioned. Plaintiff entitled to costs of case. Humphrey v. Geary, 488

See Administration of Estate. Appearance. Charity. Mortgage. Pauper. Payment into and out of Court. Solicitor.

Counsel and Client-At hearing of motion M. stated that he appeared as counsel for B, and S. also stated that he appeared as counsel for B, and B. being present and being asked by Court whom he wished to appear as his counsel, and having stated that he wished S. to be his counsel, Court directed S. alone to appear as B.'s counsel. Bass, ex parte, 245 Covenant-Party covenanted with single woman to pay her for life, subject to proviso, an annuity of 401. per annum; and proviso was, that if she should marry, annuity should be reduced to 201. per annum. After marriage she was entitled to 207. per year only, there being no unqualified gift of annuity of 401. for life, and qualification of being unmarried being condition precedent to each successive payment. Principles of law as to restraints upon marriage being void as against public policy, not applicable in such case. Grace v. Webb, 13

Plaintiff conveyed piece of ground to E. in fee simple, and E. covenanted for himself, &c., with plaintiff, &c., to keep ground and iron railing round same in its then form, uncovered with any buildings, and that plaintiff and his tenants might have keys at their own expense, and privilege of admission. Neighbourhood had become thickly populated, and ground greatly neglected and in ruinous condition, and for many years neither plaintiff nor his tenants had used or claimed to use it. Removal

of some of railings by defendant, who claimed by purchase under E, and intention to make footpaths, and claim of right of building thereon, a breach of covenant; and he was restrained by injunction, although plaintiff had not established validity of covenant, at law, as binding upon assignee of land. Tulk v. Moxhay, 83 Creditors' Suit.

See Administration of Estate.

Devise-of real estate to executors, upon trust to pay rents for support of wife, and present or future grandchildren during life of wife, and upon her decease to convey property to present or future grandchildren, as they should attain twenty-five, to hold same unto his grandchildren, their heirs and assigns for ever, as tenants in common, void for remoteness. Blagrove v. Hancock, 20

Testator gave real and personal estate to trustees, on trust to pay proceeds to his eldest grandson for life, with remainder to children who should attain twenty-five, but if he should die without having children, then to his other grandchildren. Eldest grandson died without issue. Gift to children of eldest grandson void for remoteness, but subsequent limitation to younger grandchildren good. Goring v. Howard, 105

Testator devised freehold estates in trust to permit his wife to receive rents for her life, and after her decease to permit his nephew, his heirs and assigns, to hold and enjoy said estates and receive rents and profits subject to payment of 201. yearly and every year for ever to his niece, her executors, administrators, and assigns; and testator made chargeable his said freehold estates with payment of said sum. Annuitant died, and her devisees contracted to sell rent-charge, which was

Devise (continued)-Testator devised share in New
River Company to A, upon such trust as he should
afterwards declare; but never made declaration of
trust, and died without leaving any heir-at-law. A,
and not the Crown entitled. Testator made general
devise of all his property to A, upon trust, for pur-
poses or legacies he should make in any codicil he
might add to his will: and afterwards made codicil
unattested. A. not entitled in his own right to
property, but trustee for heir-at-law. Davall v.
New River Co., 299

S. G. devised to trustees certain freehold pro-
perty for term of ninety-nine years, at peppercorn
rent, upon trust, to permit his wife and such persons
as she should by will bequeath the same, to take to
his, her, or their own use and benefit rents, &c. of
said lands for said term of ninety-nine years, ex-
clusively of any husband of his said wife. Wife,
after husband's death, conveyed her interest in
property to certain persons represented by defen-
dant, and subsequently made her will, giving pro-
perty to plaintiff. Wife took property for whole
term, and not life estate merely, with remainder
to such persons as she should appoint by will;
and had conveyed away all her interest to defen-
dant. Glover v. Hall, 305

of real estate to A. for life, and after her death
to all children of A. born at time of her death. A.
had two children, both of whom died in her lifetime.
Shares in real estate vested in them indefeasibly at
their births. Paterson v. Mills, 449

See Accumulations. Will.
Discovery Information, by Attorney General against
corporation of London, alleged that Crown seised
of bed and soil of all navigable rivers in kingdom,
and of Thames in particular, and of banks and
shores thereof between high and low water mark,
and that corporation claimed to be conservators
by prescription or some grant from Crown, but
did not thereby take any interest in bed and
soil of river, and now claimed to be seised of bed
and soil of river; and asked that they might set
forth their title, and charged that they had divers
deeds, papers, &c. in their possession relating to
matter in question. Corporation, by their answer,
stated they were corporation by prescription; that
they were seised in fee of bed and soil of river, &c.;
they admitted they were conservators, and that
office exercised by mayor, and after stating that, as
owners, they had granted some modern licences to
embank, they said they had divers deeds, &c., but
they were evidence of their title, and did not shew
any title in Crown, and, therefore, they ought not
to produce them. Master allowed exceptions to
answer for insufficiency. Upon exceptions to
Master's report, office of conservator or bailiff of
river Thames held to have been derived from Crown,
and held under Crown, by its own grant, or com -
mission, or by act of parliament; that all authority,
out of which it was granted, must be considered as
reserved by Crown; that office of conservator was
fiduciary, and that defendants could not refuse
discovery; and exceptions disallowed. Quære-
Whether Crown any right to discovery beyond that
between subject and subject. Attorney General v.
Corporation of London, 314

Court not compel discovery in aid of plea, to
action on deed, which set up defence that consider-
ation for deed immoral, plaintiff having participated

in evil which deed intended to produce. Benyon v.
Nettlefold, 445

Dower. See Will.

Election. See Will.

Equitable Mortgage-A. leased land to B. B. made
an equitable mortgage of lease to C, and C. was
some time in possession of property, and paid rent
to A. C. subsequently gave back possession to B.
A. no equity to compel C. to take legal assignment
of property. Moore v. Greg, 15

Equity. See Settlement.
Evidence-Reference to Master to ascertain facts, and
witness examined upon written interrogatories, and
depositions published. Evidence of witness, after-
wards given vivá voce, objected to before Master,
but not on ground of previous examinations on
interrogatories, and Master received evidence. Ex-
ceptions taken to report on this ground not allowed.
Andrew v. Andrew, 222

Books of joint-stock company evidence against
person representing himself to be a proprietor of
company. St. George's Steam Packet Co. ex parte
Maguire, 256

Bill filed to impeach deed, on ground of fraud,
and production of cases and opinions and con-
fidential letters by solicitor relating to execution of
deed required. Defendants, who claimed under
deed, alleged documents had reference to proceed-
ings in suit, and privileged. Documents to be pro-
duced. Follett v. Jefferys, 389

Reception of, where replication not filed. Chalk
v. Raine, 472

Exceptions. See Pleading.

Execution. See Partnership.

Executors-Liability of personal representatives of
executors for their wilful default. Authority of
executors to carry on testator's trade (see Will).
Kirkman v. Booth, 25

See Company. Parties.
Guardian. See Infant.

Immoral Consideration. See Deed.
Impertinence. See Pleading.
Incumbrances. See Mortgage.
Indemnity. See Solicitor.
Infant-Motion to appoint guardian ad litem to two
infant defendants resident within jurisdiction, with-
out their appearance, or commission, refused. Mower
v. Orr, 50

-

On motion for appointment of guardian of infant
defendants, appearance of one of them, less than
month old, in court dispensed with, on production
of affidavit of birth, and that it would be prejudicial
to remove it. Stuteley v. Harrison, 336'

Order of course obtained by direction of next
friend of two infant plaintiffs, discharging their
solicitor, and appointing new one, considerable time
after one had attained twenty-one, though it was
doubtful whether other had attained that age,
irregular, and discharged, with costs to be paid by
next friend. Brown v. Brown, 388

Life policy of assurance settled, on marriage of
A. and B, on wife, for life, with remainder to hus-
band for life, remainder to children of marriage
at twenty-one, with remainder, in default of
children, as B, the wife, should appoint. B. ap-
pointed her interest to A, and died, leaving only
one child. After B.'s death a bonus payable on
policy. Petition presented by trustees andA,
stating that A, unable to support child, and
going to emigrate, and praying that sum receivable
in respect of bonus be paid to trustee, and applied
for maintenance of child. Prayer of petition granted,

on condition that A. gave up his life interest under
settlement. Hays, ex parte, 441

See Amendment. Company. Legacy.
Injunction Where injunction obtained by plaintiff to
restrain joint action against him by several defen-
dants, all of whom but two put in answers, and ob-
tained order to dissolve as against themselves; and
other two put in answers, but refused to move to
dissolve, those defendants who had obtained order
to dissolve at liberty to move to dissolve as against
other two, without serving them with notice of
motion. M'Gregor v. Conyngham, 41

Railway company filed bill against surveyors
who had brought action at law against them in
respect of surveys made by them for company, and
other matters connected with those surveys, and for
monies expended by them for company. Bill alleged
that with discovery asked for, company could suc-
cessfully defend action. Injunction when action
was nearly ready for trial, applied for on ground
that accounts too complicated to be taken in action
at law, refused. South-Eastern Railway Co. v.
Martin, 103

Plaintiff who had never been in possession, and
whose alleged title first accrued nearly twenty years
since, filed bill againt defendant in possession of
certain real estates, and in respect of which an action
of ejectment between plaintiff and defendant was
then pending, praying for injunction to restrain
defendant from felling certain ornamental and other
timber. Demurrer, on ground that person out of
possession must first establish his right at law be-
fore he can come into equity allowed. Davenport
Davenport, 163

V.

Dissolution of, by amending bill by adding
plaintiff. Attorney General v. Marsh, 272

Special injunction granted, without bill filed, to
restrain creditor from proceeding against company
with suit in Lord Mayor's Court, commenced pre-
viously to order made, for winding up affairs of
company. Injunction dissolved with costs; and
that notwithstanding interim manager appointed
since application for injunction. Indian Mail
Packet Co., 390

Guardians of poor of Southampton applied for
act of parliament to authorize levying of poor-
rates upon owners instead of occupiers of small
tenements; and bill which contained proviso for
payment of costs incurred in promoting same out of
poor-rates, rejected. Injunction granted to restrain
guardians from paying these expenses out of rates.
Attorney General v. Guardians, &c. of Southampton,
393

If it appear that powers of act of parliament for
making railway were to be exercised contrary to
conditions for which they were granted, or contrary
to conditions on which shareholders subscribed their
capital, Court has jurisdiction to interfere. If com-
pany declined or are unable distinctly to state they
were constructing part with the view of completing
whole line, Court will interfere. Court will inter-
fere upon application of single shareholder. Direc-
tors no right to apply capital subscribed for whole
line to make part only. Cohen v. Wilkinson, 419

What amounts to a breach of. Grand Junction
Canal Co. v. Dimes, 411

Where order for, discharged upon appeal, de-
fendants entitled to costs of original motion.
Beardmer v. London and North-Western Railway
432

What species of fraud sufficient to give Court
jurisdiction. Injunction against company for
determining contract and entering upon incomplete
works refused, mala fides not being established.
Waring v. Manchester, &c. Railway Co., 450

NEW SERIES, XVIII.-INDEX, Chanc. & Bankr.

Plaintiff having obtained ex parte injunction,
afterwards dissolved on ground of concealment of
facts, not precluded making application for another
injunction upon merits. Fitch v. Rochfort, 458

See Administration of Estate. Affidavit. Copy-
right. Covenant. Partnership. School. Ship and
Shipping.
Insolvent-Bill of sale as to personal property given
by insolvent to creditor more than year before
insolvency, but possession not taken by creditor
till one month prior. Creditor restrained from
proceeding to sell property, and could only avail
himself of bill of sale under insolvency. Parrott v.
Congreve, 279

Insurance Loan granted by insurance company upon
bond with sureties, and policy on life of borrower,
as collateral security. Premiums not paid within
days of grace, but demanded by company, who
brought actions against sureties who refused to
pay, and pleaded non est factum and payment.
Suit instituted to restrain such actions, and it being
contended that demand by company after policy
"was actually void" had revived it, such revival
neutralized by fact of refusal to pay, and bill dis-
missed, with costs. Edge v. Duke, 183
Irregularity. See Practice.

Jurisdiction-Power and duty of Lord Chancellor or
other Judge having sole jurisdiction over suit in
which he has an interest. Decree of sole Judge,
though interested, not void for incapacity, and ought
not to be treated as a nullity. Grand Junction Canal
v. Dimes, 365

Power of Judge being an interested party. Vice
Chancellor no power to alter or discharge order
made by Lord Chancellor, but order must be taken,
as it appears to be, without reference to power of
his Lordship to make it. Ibid. 419

In suit for distribution of trust fund, one of
plaintiffs, married woman, entitled for her separate
use to share in property: her husband, who was
made a defendant, not having been heard of since
1843, application made, upon authority of Mores v.
Mores, to have cause set down for hearing notwith-
standing husband had not appeared. Upon objection
raised by Registrar to jurisdiction of Vice Chancellor,
Court refused to make order. Russell v. Lucy, 464
See Arbitration. Costs. Patent. Railway.
Land Tax-Guardians of A, an infant, tenant in tail
in possession of an estate, contracted for redemption
of land-tax, under 38 Geo. 3. c. 60, and made all
transfers of stock, agreed to be made, before 1804.
In 1804 A. attained his majority, and suffered reco-
very. In 1805, A, by indentures of lease and release,
executed in consideration of intended marriage,
conveyed estate, with its rights, members, and ap-
purtenances, &c. to certain uses, and entered into
usual covenants for title. Land-tax not noticed in
these deeds. After execution of deeds and during
A's life, said charge in lieu of land-tax kept sepa-
rate from rents of estate. Charge not pass by
settlement, and not merged in estate during A's
life. Blundell v. Stanley, 300

Lands Clauses Consolidation Act. See Railway.
Leasehold. See Equitable Mortgage.

Legacy-Under bequest of, to A. B, his wife and chil-
dren, parents and children take together as joint
tenants, and A. B. and wife reckon as one person,
and take only one share. Gordon v. Whieldon, 5

Bequest of personal estate to A. for life, and after
her death to testator's brothers and sisters; but if
any of brothers and sisters should die before
they became entitled to their shares, shares of
them so dying to go to their children. Testator

B

left five brothers and sisters, two of whom died in
lifetime of A. Word "entitled" refer to death of
testator, and not of A, and shares vested absolutely
in brothers and sisters, and representatives of each
of them who died entitled to fifth of fund. Hender-
son v. Kennicott, 40

Legacy (contiuued)-Testator, who died in 1838, left
legacy to person of weak intellect, and a year after
executors invested amount in funds, and regularly
invested dividends; and suit instituted by legatee,
by next friend, against executors, claiming legacy
with 41. per cent. from year after testator's death,
and costs of suit. Executors not bound to pay
legacy and interest; and stock ordered to be trans-
ferred into court, and costs of suit paid out of testa-
tor's general estate. Pothecary v. Pothecary, 48

Executors invested legacy of 50l. to infant, minus
legacy duty, in 37. per cent. consols. Upon bill filed
by legatee on coming of age for amount, with 47.
per cent. interest, decree made for plaintiff, with
costs. Executors should have paid legacy into
court. Rimell v. Simpson, 55

Testator gave to A. stock to be paid to him
within six months after testator's decease, and in
case it should happen that A. should die not having
received legacy, and he should leave any children,
such children should be entitled to same in equal
proportions, payable at twenty one or marriage.
A. died during testator's lifetime, leaving three
children who had attained twenty-one, and were
living at testator's decease. Legacy lapsed, and
children took no interest therein. Smith v. Oliver,

80

Testator gave to his daughter 15,000l., to be
kept in trust by his executors till she should attain
twenty-one, or marry with consent, whichever might
first happen, when sum was to be settled on said
daughter; but failing her attaining twenty-one, or
having issue by such marriage, money to devolve
upon others. Daughter having attained twenty-
one without having been married, entitled to legacy
absolutely, without settlement. Arnold v. Arnold, 90

Case in which illegitimate daughter of testator
entitled to share with legitimate children in residue
of testator's property. Evans v. Davies, 180

In 1795 reversion in real estate devised to trus-
tees upon trust, after death of tenant for life, to sell
estate and pay part of purchase-money to A. A, by
will, made F. his executor and L. his residuary lega-
tee. By deed dated in 1828, in consideration of
6,000l. paid to F. as executor of A, F, by direction
of L, assigned right to purchase-money to S. No
mention made of legacy duty at time of sale. In
1835 estate sold, on death of tenant for life, to S,
and A.'s share of purchase-money allowed to him.
In 1845, F, as executor of A, made to pay legacy
duty. L. died insolvent. Upon bill filed by F. in
1846, against executors of S, and devisee of estate
under his will, praying to be recouped sum paid for
legacy duty, F. no right to recover, either against
executor or devisee. Farwell v. Seale, 189

Where testator, who died in 1789, by his will
gave all his property to defendant upon trusts which
did not exhaust whole beneficial interest in estate,
and appointed defendant his executor, next-of-kin,
and not executor, entitled to undisposed-of residue.
Mapp v. Ellcock, 217

Son of testator dead at time latter made his will,
but left issue, who survived testator. Bequest in
will to son not lapse or become void, but passed, as
part of his personal estate, to his administrator
under 33rd section of 1 Vict. c. 26. Mower v. Orr, 361

Testator bequeathed personal estate to trustees
upon trust to place so much money in funds as
would produce yearly 1007. to be paid to wife, and

further sum of 2,1207. upon like securities, and pay
dividends of part thereof to W. H. for life, and re-
mainder of 2,120l. to other persons; and testator
declared that in case estate not sufficient to pay
legacies in full previously to death of wife, then
legacies should only be paid in part during life of
wife, and be made up after her decease. Estate
proved insufficient to pay legacies in full during life
of wife. Legatees only entitled to interest upon
unpaid portion of legacies from time at which re-
mainder capable of being paid up. Holmes v. Crispe,

439

Testator devised estate of which he was in pos-
session to B. for life, with divers remainders over;
he subsequently bequeathed to executors live and
dead stock, household furniture and effects, and all
personal estate whatsoever and wheresoever, upon
various trusts. Growing crops passed to executors,
and did not belong to devisee of estate. Testator
directed trustees to raise sum of 12,000l., for portions
of children of his son J. and his daughter E, towards
whom he stood in loco parentis, and also to levy
and raise for their maintenance and education in
mean time, until respective portions should become
payable, such yearly sum (not exceeding what in-
terest of expectant portion would amount to after
rate of 41. per cent. per annum) as to trustees should
seem sufficient. Trustees raised for maintenance
less than 41. per cent., and it was held, upon a
petition by legatees, they were not entitled to interest
but to maintenance only. Rudge v. Winnall, 469
See Mortmain.
Letter Missive-Service of, out of jurisdiction. Anony-
mous, 229

Lien-Plaintiffs conveyed estate but retained con-

veyance as security for unpaid purchase-money,
and purchaser mortgaged estate, but mortgagee
neglected to ask for first conveyance. Plaintiff's
lien upon estate prior to that of mortgagee. Worth-
ington v. Morgan, 233

of solicitors of company on papers of company,
not affected by Joint-Stock Companies Winding-up
Act. Oxford and Worcester Extension Railway, 247

See Banker. Baron and Feme. Costs. Solicitor.
Limitation-though void for remoteness, subsequent
limitation valid (see Devise). Goring v. Howard, 105
Limitations, Statute of-Annuity and certain extra
premiums for life insurance were charged upon
fands of grantor and secured by his covenant to pay,
by demise with power of sale of lands charged, and
by judgment entered up and duly registered. Re-
presentatives of annuitant entitled to recover whole
of arrears of annuity and all extra premiums which
had respectively become due to and been paid by
them, or grantee, within twenty years from last pay-
ment by grantor. Hunter v. Ñockolds, 407
Lunatic. See Legacy.

Mortgage Mortgagee devised mortgaged estates to
three trustees, one of whom could not be found.
Costs of petition, under 1 Will. 4. c. 60, for recon-
veyance, borne by mortgagor. King v. Smith, 43

Testatrix bequeathed 1,000l. to trustees, in trust
to invest and pay annual produce during life of M.
F. H. to her order or separate use. Testatrix died
in 1838, and, by deed, dated 24th October 1840, M.
F. H. in consideration of 3007. granted annuity of
301. to J. H, out of dividends and interest to accrue
on legacy of 1,000l., or securities for same. This
annuity assigned to trustees for J. H. By deed of

like date, between C. H. and parties to other deed,
C. H. covenanted with J. H. to pay to her annuity of
301, as often as default made in payment by M. F. H.
until legacy invested by testatrix's executor, and
C. H. was to stand in place of J. H, as regarded in-
terest and dividends to accrue due to extent of any
sums paid by him to J. H. previously to investment
of legacy. C. H. paid divers sums to J. H. under
his covenant, and in November 1840 executor re-
ceived notice of J. H.'s security, and in 1846 notice
of subsequent mortgage executed by M. F. H. of
her interest in same dividends and interest to S, but
no express notice was given to executor of deed to
which C. H. was party until May 1848. In July
1848 legacy of 1,0007., less duty, and interest thereon
amounting to 3397. 10s., paid into court by executor
under 10 & 11 Vict. c. 96, to "The account of M. F.
H. and her incumbrancers." C. H. entitled to
priority over S. to extent of payments made by him
to J. H. Expenses attending payment into court
paid by executor out of testatrix's estate. Cawthorne,
in re, 116

Payment of, out of residuary estate. Brooke v.
Warwick, 137

Estate mortgaged, to A, for term of 500 years,
and A. filed bill of foreclosure against persons
entitled to equity of redemption and reversion, some
being infants; and by consent, Master ordered to
inquire whether sale in fee would be for benefit of
infants, and, if he should so find, that property
should be so sold. Property sold under decree;
but realized less than mortgaged debt. Defendants
entitled to difference in value between term and fee.
Foster v. Eddy, 151

Extra costs of reconveyance of mortgaged estate,
caused by lunacy of mortgagee, ordered to be paid
by mortgagor, lunatic being trustee of mortgage
money only, and that fact disclosed on face of mort-
gage deed. Lewis, in re, 153

Mortgagee of two distinct estates, each of which
subject to prior mortgage to different mortgagees,
entitled as against mortgagor to decree for redemp-
tion or foreclosure of either or both of mortgaged
estates. Observations on withdrawal by plaintiff' of
gratuitous offer in bill. Reference for inquiry as to
substantial repairs and lasting improvements not
ordered at hearing on further directions, merely on
statements of counsel for an incumbrancer that such
repairs, &c. have been made; unless all parties
interested consent, petition is necessary. Pelly v.
Wathen, 281

A. mortgaged estate to B. for term, and died,
having devised estate to his wife and children, some
of them infants. B. filed foreclosure bill against
A's wife and children. On application of plaintiff,
solicitor of suitors' fund appointed guardian of in-
fant defendants. Decree made that, in default of
payment, defendants should be foreclosed, and that
in event of foreclosure property be sold. Plaintiff
liable to pay costs of suit. Harris v. Hamlyn, 403

Plaintiff was member of building society, con-
stituted under 6 & 7 Will. 4. c. 32, which by its
rules was to continue till each share had realized
1207. plaintiff became purchaser of twelve and a
half shares, and in consideration of 7501. advanced
to him in respect thereof, he executed to trustees
a mortgage deed of real property which contained
power of sale in case of default in payment of
subscriptions; and it was declared, that all sums
afterwards becoming due should be treated as due
at time of sale: the 62nd rule, relating to redemp-
tion of a mortgage to the society, though not
in same terms, was not inconsistent with these
trusts. Upon bill by mortgagor to redeem, held,
that the Master, in taking account of what was due

upon the mortgage, was to calculate probable dura-
tion of the society, and to treat future accruing
subscriptions and other payments until that period
as due at time of redemption. Mosley v. Baker, 457
Devise by mortgagee of mortgaged estate to trus-
tees, upon trust to sell, with power to give receipts
to purchasers. Bill of foreclosure by mortgagee
against trustees only not bind cestui que trusts under
will of mortgagor. Chamberlain v. Thacker, 489
See Equitable Mortgage. Lien.
Mortmain-Testator gave shares in Northumber-
land and Durham Bank, and money due upon rail-
way debentures of Newcastle and Carlisle Rail-
way Company, to trustees for benefit of certain
charities. Bank shares within Statute of Mortmain;
but railway debentures, being merely promise to
pay money upon credit of undertaking, not a charge
upon land, and therefore not within Mortmain
Acts. Myers v. Perrigal, 185

Dock and canal companies seised of con-
siderable real estates, yielding large net income,
divisible among proprietors of respective companies.
Shares, by several acts of incorporation declared
to be personal estate, and transmissible and distri-
butable as such, and not of nature of real property.
Shares not within Mortmain Act. Also, bonds of
companies, given for money borrowed under powers
of acts by way of mortgage of undertaking, and to
secure payment of annual sum, not within Mort-
main Act. Walker v. Milne, 288

Testatrix gave all her property, consisting of
leaseholds and personalty, to her brother, who died
nine days after her, and by will bequeathed whole
of his property to charities. Duty of representa-
tives of testatrix was to sell leaseholds for payment
of debts, &c. Brother who had made no election
took leaseholds as personalty, and charities therefore
entitled to them under his will. Shadbolt v. Thorn-
ton, 392

Motion to dismiss. See Bill.

Necessaries. See Baron and Feme.

Orders-67th Order of April 1828, 119

23rd and 24th Orders of August 1841, 105
33rd Order of May 1845, 211, 229
65th Order of May 1845, 71
125th Order of May 1845, 150
of December 29, 1848, 503
Order of Course. See Practice.

Parties-In suit for an account of trust premises, bill
claiming no more than trust deed comprised, and
trustees by their answer not charging that settlor
had mixed up settled property with his own, his
executor not necessary party. Gaunt v. Johnson, 45

In suit for administration of testator's estate,
A. B. in whom certain leaseholds vested, made
party. A. B. became bankrupt, and official assignee
appointed. Before creditors' assignee appointed
A. B. put in plea of bankruptcy. Plea not sup-
ported, and bankrupt necessary party prior to
creditors' assignee having been appointed and
having elected to take leaseholds. Until that time
no final vesting of property. Turner v. Nicholls, 278

Defendant died before appearing to bill. Repre-
sentative brought before Court by means of bill
to which none of defendants in suit made parties.
All defendants in first suit ought to have been made
parties in second. Foster v. Foster, 356

See Company. Specific Performance.
Partnership-Banking firm in which A. was part-
ner brought action to recover debt for another
co-partnership, in which A. was also partner, and
latter co-partnership filed bill to have their accounts