from his mouth, apparently created three pigeons on the spot, and did many other wonderful things."-P. 39. I have consulted Mr. Crooke's excellent 'Popular Religion and Folk-lore of Northern India,' 1896, but it does not help me as to the country of Gora or the transformation into sheep. He remarks, however (vol. i. p. 163), that there is some reason to believe that the sheep was a sacred animal. WILLIAM GEORGE BLACK. Ramoyle, Dowanhill, Glasgow. ARMS OF MARRIED WOMEN.-During a severe illness which overtook me some time ago I must have failed to study my N. & Q.' with proper care, for, on looking through some back volumes, I have found several points which escaped my attention. In the recent discussion in 'N. & Q.' on the arms of married women (10 S. ix. 290; x. 197) the following cases appear to have been overlooked. When an armiger is knight of an order he is entitled to suspend the badge of the order below his shield. In such a case the arms of the wife are not | impaled with those of the husband, but are borne on a separate shield, the theory being, so far as I understand, that the wife, not being of the order, cannot share in the honours of the badge. I have the bookplate of my kinsman the late Sir Richard Temple. His arms are on a shield encircled by the collar of the Order of the Star of India. Consequently the arms of Lady Temple (Lindsay, Earls of Crawford and Balcarres) are shown on a separate shield. In this case the wife is also a member of an order, and the badge of the Order of the Crown of India is suspended below her arms. Now the following case might well occur. The husband might not be a member of an order of knighthood, but the wife a member of, say, the Order of Victoria and Albert. In such a case how should the arms of the pair be shown? Presumably, the husband's coat should not share in the honours of the badge to which the wife's arms are entitled; so should his arms be borne on a shield separate from that of his wife? Will some one learned in heraldry pronounce whether the above view is correct J. H. RIVETT-CARNAC. or not? Schloss Rothberg, Switzerland. SHAKESPEARE VISITORS' BOOK.-I should be glad to know where this is now to be found, and whether it is accessible to strangers. In 1812 Mrs. Mary Hornby was living as a tenant in Shakspeare's Birthplace, and she provided a Visitors' Book in which the numerous callers might enter their names. The Shakespeare Visitors' Book consists of three quarto volumes, and contains thousands of autographs of all classes and nationalities, many of very illustrious personages, though the only ones I made a note of were the following: George IV., the Duke of Clarence, Louis Philippe, the Duke of Wellington (1815), Sir Walter Scott, Lord Byron (1821), Charles Kean, Maria Edgeworth, Sarah Siddons, Lockhart, Thomas Moore, James Hogg, A. Opie, Agnes and Joanna Baillie (1814), George Grimaldi, Stacey Grimaldi, and William Grimaldi (1812). The register also contains many little poems and epigrams worth publishing, two specimens of which are printed by Beeton (Shakspeare Memorial,' 1864, p. 15). It would be a great pity if such a singular record should be lost, and certainly the most appropriate resting-place would be the Memorial Hall, Stratford. D. J. BISHOP SAMPSON OF LICHFIELD.-Can any reader give me the parentage of Richard Sampson, Bishop of Chichester, and afterwards of Lichfield (1546), and the names of his wife and children? WM. JACKSON PIGOTT. Manor House, Dundrum, co. Down. NORTH BUNGAY FENCIBLES.-When I was a lad at the Launceston Grammar School I took the part at the annual Christmas recitations of the drill-sergeant in a skit upon the old-time militia called 'The North Bungay Fencibles,' in which I had to sing Brave militia! Muster, folk! So bring your guns and sabres. BELL CUSTOMS AT SIBSON, LEICESTERSHIRE.-Can any one give a satisfactory explanation of the bell customs in this and neighbouring villages ? 1. The Curfew rings at 8 o'clock from 5 November to 10 March, except on Saturdays, when it rings at 7. Why these dates, and the change of time? 2. A bell rings on Sundays at 7, and 8 A.M., independently of times of servi If the 8 o'clock bell is the old Mass bell, why was it not discontinued when the service was dropped? And what is the bell at 7 o'clock ? LAWRENCE PHILLIPS. Sibson Rectory, Atherstone. LIGHTS IN LYRICS.'-Is the anonymous author known of "Lights in Lyrics; or, A Glance at the Channel Lights as piloting marks on a run from Scilly to the Nore: accompanied by a parting precept on Compass Deviation, addressed to all younger mariners, London, 1859 ? sists of 104 eight-line verses, with 14 sixThe work conline verses on 6 Compass Deviation,' and the author truly says in his prefatory remarks that "it is not usual to find the pilot's tactics dressed in verse." W. B. H. YEW TREES BY ACT OF PARLIAMENT. It is frequently stated that under Richard III. (1897), Dr. J. Lowe says that during the TAXUS. THE KENT, EAST INDIAMAN.--The above ship was lost by fire on 1 March, 1825, having then on board a large part of the 31st Regiment, commanded by Lieut.-Col. Tyburn originally denoted the manor lying COL. PRIDEAUX's suggestion that the name between two brooks is ingenious and interesting, but before it can be accepted one or two points will have to be cleared up. In the first place, one would desire the such as Prof. Skeat, as to its philological opinion of some eminent Old English scholar, probability. I cannot find any other word in which phonetic changes similar to those suggested by COL. PRIDEAUX have taken place. The names commencing with "tweo" or twi have generally persisted in that I do not know of any example of the word form, like Twyford and Twinebam; and Tyburn being spelt with a w, except the passage in Maitland quoted by CoL. PRI DEAUX. There are one or two other statements in COL. PRIDEAUX's paper to which I should like to draw attention, lest their appearance on his authority in N. & Q' should cause them to be accepted hereafter without question. He speaks of the charter of King Edgar of 951 as dealing with about 600 acres of land. It would be better to say that it deals with 5 hides. In view of the difference of opinion that exists as to the meaning of the word "hide and its equivalence in acreage, it is not safe to assume that the grant in question contained 600 acres. In fact, if it was bounded on the west by the Tyburn stream, or by what is the same thing here, viz., COL. PRIDEAUX's original Tyburn Manor, and if it was bounded on the north by Oxford Street and Holborn, and if the old wooden church of St. Andrew was anywhere near the present church of St. Andrew, Holborn, then the acreage would be more than double that suggested by COL. PRIDEAUX. As a matter of fact, it must be admitted that the extent of the land included in this grant is at present quite obscure. The only thing certain about it is that it was adjacent to the Thames on one of its sides. Bayswater and Craven Hill"? What is certain is that at Domesday there was a manor of Tiburne and a manor of Lilestone, and it is practically certain that the manor of Tiburne is identical with Marybone, and that the manor house was near the north end of Harley Street. It is also practically certain that Lilestone manor house occupied the site of the present Queen Charlotte's Hospital. If so, it seems improbable that there should be another part of the manor of Tyburn nearly a mile to the west of the Edgware Road. H. A. HARBEN. I was much interested in COL. PRIDEAUX'S note on Tyburn, the derivation of local names being an attractive subject to me. With regard to the T in Tyburn, there is surely an instance to support Mrs. Alec Tweedie's theory in the word Tichborne. The family of Tichborne of course took the name from the place, which has belonged to them since the twelfth century; and the earliest authentic mention of this Hampshire village is in the reign of Edward the Elder, who granted some land there to the Bishop in 909. Athelstane subof Winchester stituted money for the land; and among the gifts bestowed on the church by King Edgar under the influence of Dunstan, was a still larger portion of land at Tichborne. Thus the Saxon origin of the word is established. Now the parish of Tichborne lies near the upper course of the river Itchen, and so we get Ich-bourne, and the T-if an abbreviation of the Saxon word at-was prefixed to locate this special stretch of land. Moreover, the great highway from Winchester to Alresford is connected with the village of Tichborne by a branch road which follows the course of the Ich-bourne. It is a coincidence that both Tyburn and Tichborne were near an important highway. One has only to listen to the country dialects to realize how easily the t of at could become separated from its own vowels and attach itself to the opening vowel P. SMITH. of the following word. 14, Leinster Square, Hyde Park, W. QUEEN ELIZABETH'S DAY, 17 NOVEMBER (10 S. x. 381).-Please allow me to correct W. C. B.'s statement that no notice is taken of this day except at Westminster School. The statutes of this school (A.D. 1607) lay down "Other breakinge up in the yeare they shall have none nor play dayes, save upon the seavententh daie of November yearlie, when they shall play the whole daye, and those which are able shall upon that daye sett upp verses in honour and commendacion of Quene Elizabeth, the blessed founder of this schole, the next daie they shall returne to schole to learne as before." Although these statutes are now obsolete, the observance above mentioned is kept up to this extent, that any boy who presents to the head master an ode of sufficient merit on Queen Elizabeth may claim a halfholiday for the whole school. But as our Foundation Day is 19 November, and Queen Elizabeth's Day often falls on a Saturday or Sunday, when there is no school, the holiday may be claimed on either of these days: one was claimed and given last year. MATTHEW H. PEACOCK, Head Master. Queen Elizabeth's School, Wakefield. It was formerly customary to ring the church bells on Queen Elizabeth's Day. The churchwardens' accounts of Eltham in Kent record many payments for this, the amounts varying from 3s. 6d. to 15s. Thus in 1579 and 1582, "November pd to the Ringers the xvij daie of Nou ye wh is called Coronation daie, iij. vjd.” "17 November Itm. laid out the same day to the Ringers beinge then in remembrance of Coronation day, lx. vjd." From the churchwardens' accounts of St. Dunstan, Cranbrook, in the same county, we find that 12d. was paid in 1579 to the ringers on Coronation Day, while the ringers had a dinner in 1595 which cost 58. At St. Michael's, Bishop's Stortford, on the day in 1575, "Pd. for bred, drinck and cheese for Ringing of St. Hewes daye in reioysing of the Quene's prosperous Range [sic], ijs. viijd." ginal form of the name, and in the absence of such evidence, how can we assume that "Cammle " is an abbreviation? The popular etymology—cam beul, wry mouth— is wholly hypothetical, and leaves the p unaccounted for. I should incline in this, as in many other cases, to lean to local a likely guide to the pronunciation as cent and redundant p in Thompson, nor original form. Nobody sounds the excresdoes its presence mask the patronymic son of Tom." The clan Campbell were known and referred to in charters as late as 1368 as Clan O'Duibhne. The first documentary occurrence of the name Campbell is in a charter of 1263 (Exchequer Rolls,' i. 24) in favour of Sir Gillespie Cambel. His son, Sir Colin Campbell, was the "Calen Mor or Great Colin (died c. 1296), from whom the Duke of Argyll derives his Gaelic 66 title MacCalein-mor. Numerous instances of excrescent labials in literary English will occur to readers, and it will be found that these are hardly ever sounded in Scots pronunciation :— English. chamber timber bramble humble Scots. chaumer timmer brammle hummel JOHN OF GAUNT'S ARMS (10 S. x. 9, 116, 174). I have glanced through one or two heraldic authorities that I have with me here in an endeavour to answer GHENT'S Subsequent entries show that 11s. 8d. was paid in 1588, and 16s. 4d. in 1589. The inquiry as to what were the armorial indate seems to have been altered to 5 Novem-signia of John of Gaunt, or Ghent, the ber after 1605. fourth son of Edward III. I have extracted these from Stahl- The source from which I can offer the schmidt's Church Bells of Kent,' pp. 230, 274-5, and North's Church Bells of Hertfordshire,' p. 152 et seq.; but there were celebrations long after that according to Bourne's Observations on Popular Antiquities,' extending well into the eighteenth century. AYEAHR. most assistance is the 1864 (the best) edition of Boutell's Heraldry, Historical and Popular,' where at p. 239 and at other references your correspondent will find most of the information which he desiresf The above prince is there described as of Ghent, the fourth son of Edward III., K.G., Duke of Lancaster and King o. Castile and Leon, and his arms as France Ancient and England, with a label of three points ermine' (as a mark of cadency). And as your correspondent particularly asks as to the cadency mark," he will be interested to learn that this label may be blazoned as of Brittany," having been derived from the ermine canton borne by 66 66 We learn that John of Ghent was created Duke of Lancaster in 1362, and in the following year Earl of Derby, Lincoln, and Leicester; also, that on his marriage with Constance of Castile he assumed the title of King of Castile and Leon. He impaled the arms of his first wife, Blanche of Lancaster (which elsewhere we find to be the three lions of England, with a label of five points each point charged with three fleurs-de-lis-for difference). He afterwards impaled Castile and Leon, placing his royal coat on the dexter side of his shield. From the section on The Arms of Royal Consorts,' at p. 306, we learn, too, what those arms were: 1 and 4, Gules, a castle tripletowered or; 2 and 3, Argent, a lion rampant gules. In another place Boutell dwells upon the uncertainty which has so long existed as to whether the lion of Leon should be gules, as he gives it, or purpure, as given on the monument of Edward III. at Westminster. And he refers to an able paper on this subject by the late DR. JOHN WOODWARD (one of the highest heraldic authorities, I suppose, of modern times) which is to be found at 3 S. i. 471. I find that DR. WOODWARD himself refers to this paper in his very valuable work Heraldry, English and Foreign' (1896), vol. i. p. 68, where he says:— "Of the regular tinctures, purpure is much less used in British armory than any other. In France heralds disputed as to whether it was a separate tincture or not. The lion of Leon is often blazoned purpure, but was not intended to be of a tincture distinct from gules." And the learned author calls attention to the above paper in 'N. & Q.' Apropos of this one is inclined to ask, How much are modern writers on heraldry indebted to such papers in N. & Q.' ? John of Ghent is also stated to have borne Sable, three ostrich feathers ermine, the quills and scrolls or, as shown on his seals, and monuments at Canterbury, West minster, and Lincoln. Speaking of these seals, Boutell refers to the Great Seal of John of Ghent, as King of Castile, as an example of the greatest interest, abounding in heraldic accessories and devices; and on p. 164 he says :— "Upon one of his seals John Plantagenet of Ghent impales Castile and Leon with France and England differenced with a label ermine; and in stance of Castile and Leon, he places his own arms this instance, in honour of his royal consort Conon the sinister side of the shield; in his other impaled shields the arms of this prince occupy the customary dexter half of the escutcheon; he also used seals bearing his own arms without any impalement." I can find no trace in Boutell of any crest or motto attributed to John of Ghent; but that author states that his well-known seal, in addition to his achievement of arms, is charged with his badges, two falcons holding fetter-locks in their beaks; and elsewhere he speaks of the padlock (or fetter-lock) as being one of his badges. It is unfortunate, perhaps, that amongst the many excellent illustrations in this valuable work Boutell does not give one of this seal, so that we might have seen whether this contained more than But GHENT the mere arms and badges. may be able to supply this omission from other sources to which I have no access. J. S. UDAL, F.S.A. Antigua, W.I. · FROST PRINTS (10 S. x. 350).—The printto which MR. ABRAHAMS refers, A Prospect of Frost Fair,' drawn 11 Feb., 1739/40, with the lines beginning "The bleak northeast from rough Tartarian Shores," does exist. The example in my collection is printed in sanguine, and is probably one of the piratical prints. It measures 12 in. by 73 in. There are two copies in my collection, but the second bears verses beginning "Behold the liquid Thames,' &c. They are mentioned in 'Rariora,' i. 54. J. ELIOT HODGKIN. |