Imatges de pàgina
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2. I may remark that a love of clothes is shown in Sharpham's plays: twice in 'The Fleire' he describes a cloak as lined through or "throughout."

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3. He is still bound to Devonshire. He describes himself as of Allington," and his legatees and overseers are chiefly of that county.

4. He makes no mention of his mother nor of elder brothers-who were perhaps dead-but leaves legacies to his half-brother George Hext and his brother-in-law (perhaps the husband of his sister Susanna) Richard Goteham. A George Hexte was Alderman of Dunhoved (Launceston) in 1620 ('Visitations of Cornwall,' Harl. Soc., ix. 281).

Hext

been disturbed, must now be lying in St. Margaret's Churchyard.

There is no probability in Hunter's suggestion that "Ed. Sharphell," whose verses To my beloued Master Iohn Davies' are prefixed to Davies's 'Humours Heau'n on Earth' (1605) was Edward Sharpham; and another suggestion that Sharpham wrote the Vision upon this his Minerva' (signed "E. S.") in Peacham's Minerva Britanna,' 1612, is disproved by the now ascertained fact that Sharpham had then been dead four years.

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PART II.

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5. Another legatee is " my Cosyn Bridgitt I add a few lines on Robert Hayman, ffortescue." Perhaps Bridget Fortescue supplementary to the life of him given in the 'D.N.B.' He was matriculated was the daughter of Roger Fortescue by Mary, daughter of R. Northleigh and pre- Oxford from Exeter College on 15 Oct., viously wife in succession to John Leigh 1590, as 'Hayman, Robert: Devon, pleb. He must have been born, therefore, and to Martyn Hext, younger brother off. 11." Sharpham's stepfather Alexander between 15 Oct., 1578, and 15 Oct., 1579. ('Visitations of Devon,' ed. Vivian, 1895, Neither his father's name nor that of his pp. 200, 484). She seems to have lived at birthplace is known. I hoped I had found East Allington, as the registers of that a clue in four lines of Hayman's charming parish record her burial: 1619, Bridget poem Of the Great and Famous, euer to Fortescue was buried 1 November." Posbee honoured Knight, Sir Francis Drake, sibly a little romance attaches to the legacy and of my little-little Selfe' ('Quodlibets, Book IV. No. 7) :of the chain and diamond ring.

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8. One of the witnesses to the will is John Owen. I imagine he may be the epigrammatist whose work was translated by Sharpham's friend Robert Hayman.

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It was clear from the fact of Sharpham having "made his mark instead of signing his name that he was very ill when the will was executed on 22 April, 1608; and as it was proved on 9 May following, it was clear that he had died in the interval. But where? From the fact that a notary of Westminster witnessed the will I concluded that Sharpham died in Westminster. A visit to St. Margaret's Church confirmed my conjecture. In the register of burials of that church, under the date "April 23" -the day after the will had been madewas the name Edward Sharpham" written in the large characters accorded in old registers to persons of superior station. He must have died that day or the day before, and his remains, if they have not

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This man when I was little, I did meete, As he was walking vp Totnes long Street, He ask'd me whose I was? I answer'd him. He ask'd me if his good friend were within? Nicholas Hayman, merchant, represented "Totness borough' " in the Parliament of 15 Oct., 1586 to 23 March, 1586/7. Parliament of 12 Nov., 1588 to 29 March, name does not appear on the roll of the 1589; but "Nicholas Hayman" (probably the same) represented Dartmouth, Clifton, and Hardness in the Parliament of 19 Feb., 1592/3 to 10 April, 1593. Here, one might suppose, was Robert's father. But the Vicar of Totnes, the Rev. T. H. Elliott, who has searched the registers from 1570 to 1586, tells me that the name of Robert Hayman is not to be found, though the baptisms of five children of Nicholas Hayman are recorded between 6 Nov., 1579, and 16 April, 1586. Possibly Robert Hayman was born and baptized at the end of 1578, before Nicholas settled at Totnes. Or he may have been not Nicholas's son, but his nephew, and have been merely visit. ing his uncle when he met the great Drake. Possibly the Dartmouth registers would throw light on Robert Hayman's birth.

With the help, however, of Mr. E. Windeatt of Bridgetown, Totnes, and the Rev.

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J. E. Binney of the Close, Exeter, I have ascertained the date of Robert Hayman's marriage. Vivian's Visitations of Devon,' under the Spicer family, mentions Grace Spicer, bap. 12 November, 1579, at St. Martin's, Exeter; married 21st May, 1604, to Robert Hayman, at St. Petrock's, Exeter." The register of St. Martin's in recording Grace Spicer's baptism calls her the daughter of Thomas Spicer." The Rev. W. David, vicar of St. Petrock's, tells me that the register of the marriage has "Robert Haymon" (not " Hayman "). This, however, is immaterial. The Quodlibets' show that their author had an aunt Mrs. Eliz. Spicer of Exceter," and make it virtually certain that he is the Robert Hayman whose marriage is recorded in the "Visitations.' As neither theQuodlibets nor Robert Hayman's most interesting will (mentioned in the 'D.N.B.') makes any reference to wife or child, we may perhaps conclude that there was no issue of the marriage, and that Mrs. Hayman had died before ho settled in Newfoundland. In Newfoundland Hayman was settled at "HarborGrace" as Governor of the little colony there. Was the settlement (now one of the chief towns of Newfoundland) named after Hayman's lost wife?

The 'D.N.B.' biographer seems to have been unaware of an interesting paper by Robert Hayman contained in Egerton MS. 2541, which is wrongly dated 1630, but was written before Buckingham's assassination (23 Aug., 1628). It is a last plea for royal support of the Newfoundland colonists. Perhaps Buckingham's death led Hayman to lose all hope in this direction, and to turn his mind to a fresh attempt in Guiana. My attention was drawn to the paper by a reference in Prowse's History of Newfoundland.' G. C. MOORE SMITH. The University, Sheffield.

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INSCRIPTIONS AT FLORENCE.
(See 10 S. ix. 224, 344, 443.)

THE following inscriptions complete those in the South-West Section of the old Protestant cemetery :—

181. Agnes Cameron, w. of Alexander Mackintosh of Teaninich, Ross, Scotland, b. 28 March, 1844; ob. 7 Ap., 1874.

182. Catharine Straith, wid. of Lieut.-Col. Robert Macdonald, C.B., of 1st Royal Scots and 35th Regt., .ob. 3 Ap., 1874.

183. Timothy Haskard, 40 yrs. resident in Florence, ob. 25 March, 1874, a. 66.

184. Hiram Powers, ob. 27 June, 1873, a. 68.

185. Joseph Watson, of Gateshead-on-Tyne, ob. 24 June, 1873, a. 33.

ob. 16 May, 1877, a. 5. 186. Edward Willie, youngest child of Dr. Young,

187. Manning Kennard, b. in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, 13 Aug., 1813; ob. 21 Dec., 1873.

188. Sarah Minturn Grinnell Watts, d. of Ridley and Sarah Minturn Watts, b. 10 July, 1854; ob. 25 March, 1873.

189. Rev. Wm. Boyd, M.A., minister of Mains and Strathmartine, Forfarsh., b. 30 Oct., 1840; ob. 2 Ap., 1873.

190. James Drummond Griffith, ob. 29 Dec., 1872, a. 43.

b. 20 March, 1829, in Glasgow; ob. 16 June, 1871. Removed, July 5, to Highgate Cemetery, London.

191. Emma Roe, w. of Wm. Lachlan Shearwood,

192. Anna Maria Cecilia, d. of Bentink Walter and the Hon. A. M. Yelverton. The only child of her mother, and she was a widow. Ob. 16 Ap., 1846, a. 13.

Anna Bingham. No date or other inscription. 193. Bentink Yelverton and his w., the Hon.

194. Maria Letitia Zaida Ffrench, d. of John, Lord Clanmorris, wid. of R. Ffrench, Esq., of Rahasane, co. Galway, ob. 28 Oct., 1832, in the bloom of youth and beauty.

195. Charles John Proby, for some time H.B.M.'s Vice-Consul in Florence, ob. 4 Jan., 1868, a. 52. conjugis | quod mortale fuit hic jacet. | Obitum ejus 196. Theodosia Trollope | T. Adolphi Trollope fleverunt omnes quantum autem fleri meruit vir eheu superstes | scit solus. Josefi Garrow, Arm. filia apud Torquay in agro Devon Anglorum nata Florentiæ nonum agens lustrum | ad plures abiit 13 die mensis Aprilis, A.D. 1865.

197. Richard Bratton Adair, late Captain R. British Artillery, ob. 27 Dec., 1863, a. 43.

198. Capt. James Johnston McCleverty, C.B., R.N., ob. 1 March, 1863, a. 52. b. in India, 1789; ob. 1857. 199. Joseph Garrow, Arm., of Braddon, Devon,

200. *.

brother to the Earl of Shannon. 201. The Hon. Lieut. -Col. Gerald de Courcy, 4th s. of the Right Hon. John de Courcy, 26th Lord Baron Kingsale, and Susannah his w., ob. 20 Oct., 1848.

202. William Augustus Napier Kellett, late Lieut. 72nd Highlanders, only s. of Capt. M. Napier Kellett, of Renfrewshire, ob. May, 18(5)3, a. 27.

203. Robert Napier Kellett, late Capt. Royal Highlanders, and nephew of Sir Rich. Kellett, Bt., ob. Nov., 18(5)3, a. (?).

204. Jemima, only d. of the late James Hunter, Esq., of Renfrewshire, and wid. of the late Capt. Napier Kellett, ob. 5 Sept., 1854, a. 50.

205. Augusta Jane, w. of Capt. J. H. Robley, ob. 28 Nov., 1868.

206. Orazia Augusta Robley, b. in Aldershot; ob. 5 Oct., 1850, a. 24, after 21 months' marriage with Col. Filippo Borghesi.

207. E. B. B., ob. 1861. No other inscription. 20 Dec., 1866, in the first year of her marriage. 208. Fanny Waugh Hunt, w. of Holman Hunt, ob.

209. The Hon. Elizabeth Carlyon de Courcy, d. of John Bishop, Esq., w. of the Hon. Lieut.-Col. Gerald de Courcy, ob. 15 Jan., 1855.

210. Caroline Buffar Cracklow, only d. of David and Mary Ann Cracklow, of Peckham, ob. 29 Aug., 1857, a. 25.

211. Thomas Browne, Esq., of London, b. at Hull ob. 22 Feb., 1858, a. 71.

212. Edmund Wm. Elton, 4th s. of the late Sir Charles A. Elton, Bt., b. 14 Dec., 1822; ob. 2 Dec., 1859.

213. Henry Yeames, ob. at Baden-Baden, 13 Sept., 1865, a. 71.

214. Margaret Ann Reynolds, ob. 25 June, 1870. 215. Eliza, 2nd d. of the late Simeon Thos. Bull, architect, of Holles St., London, and of Gordon House, Kentish Town, Midd., ob. 7 June, 1858, a. 29.

216. Eleanor Augusta Tulk. No date. 217. *Georgiana, w. of the Rev. John 3 Ap., 18(34?), a. 40.

ob.

218. Elizabeth, relict of Major-General Sir Lorenzo Moore, C.B., K.C.H., ob. 7 Dec., 1849, a. 70.

219. Mary Spencer Stanhope, b. 9 Nov., 1859; ob. 23 Feb., 1867.

220. Maria Dorothea, w. of Rich. Jaffray, Esq., of Kingswells, Aberdeenshire, ob. 20 Jan., 1859, a. 73.

221. John James, s. of Andrew Smith Duncan, Esq., b. at Bath; ob. at Florence, 16 May, 1861, a. 15 yrs. 7 mths.

222. John Fombelle, Esq., late of the E.I.Co.'s Bengal Civil Service, retired after a service of 34 yrs., ob. 24 Nov., 1849, a. 87.

223. Helen Florence, only ch. of Charles and Helen Oldham, b. at Rome, 20 Nov., 1844; ob. 6 Nov., 1845.

224. Helen, d. of the late Sir James Colquhoun, of Luss, Bt., w. of John Page Reade, Esq., of Stutton, Suff., ob. 17 Oct., 1852.

225. Fanny, for 23 yrs. w. of Wm. Wingfield Bonnin, C.E., of Buckingham St., Strand, ob. 31 Oct., 1867, a. 48.

226. Pauline. No other inscription.

227. Brevet-Major Charles Gregorie, late Capt. 13th Light Dragoons, ob. 16 Oct., 1858, a. 67. 228. Rev. Geo. Brickdall (C)rossman, ob. 27 Feb., 1854, a. 62.

229. Julia Eliza, youngest d. of William and Mary Ann Lowe, ob. 8 June, 1855, a. 13.

230. Henry Dunn, ob. 6 Feb., 1856, a. 34. 231. Samuel Lowe, ob. 20 Ap., 1877. a. 81. 232. Louisa Florence, inf. d. of Wm. and Henrietta Lowe, b. 22 Sept., 1857; ob. 17 Aug., 1858.

233. Henry Blackmore Low, 3rd s. of the late John Low, Esq., of Spring House, co. Tipperary, b. 21 March, 1833; ob. 7 March, 1846. Erected by his mother.

234. Luttie, s. of Antonio and Emma Arrighi, b. 4 Jan., 1873, in Delaware, Ohio; ob. 12 Nov., 1874. 235. Hugh Macdonnell, Esq., ob. June, 18(41?). 236. Joseph Anthony Pouget, 30 yrs. in the E.I.Co.'s service, ob. 25 July, 1833, a. 7(7?), leaving a widow and one son.

237. The Hon. Frances Tolley, relict of the late Major-General Henry Dunbar Tolley, C.B., b. 12 Jan., 1796; ob. 12 Dec., 1853.

238. Harriet, d. of Christopher B. and Elizabeth Ludlow, b. in New York, 1811; ob. 1860.

239. Dr. Delisser, ob. 4 May, 1844, a. 48. Adelaide Delisser, ob. 18 July, 1845, a. 13. Ellis Wm. Delisser, ob. 14 July, 1845, a. 19.

240. Geraldine Hathorn, 5th d. of M. H. Perceval, Esq., b. at Quebec, 25 Sept., 1822; ob. 15 May, 1849. Erected by her mother, Anne Mary Perceval.

241. Simon Halliday Johnstone, eldest s. of Wm. Gracie Johnstone, of Garrock, ob. 9 Feb., 1837. 242. Louise Catherine Adelaide, w. of Geo. B. Cumberland, Capt. 42nd Royal Highlanders, ob. 7 Dec., 1842, a. 26.

243. Montagu, ob. 1 Jan., 1842, a. 8 mths.; Emily, ob. 1 Ap., 1842, a. 16; children of Sir Charles and Lady Wake, of Courteen Hall, Northamptonshire. 244. Emily Wake, ob. 1 Ap., 1842, a. 16. Erected by her parents, Charles and Charlotte Wake.

245. Grenville Temple, Bart., ob. 18 Feb., 1829, a. 61. Placed by his children.

246. Sophia Ann, eldest d. of Capt. J. T. Coffin, R. N., ob. at Siena, 13 Sept., 1849, a. 14. 247. Anne Harris, ob. 3 Ap., 1830.

248. Capt. James Chute, 54th Regt., ob. 24 Nov., 1876, a. 37. Erected by his widow, Eleanor Chute.

The most westerly row of the S. W. Section :249. John Nesbitt Maxwell, Esq., M.D., A.M., Trin. Coll. Dublin, and F.R.C.S., Ireland, the last surviving member of the family of the late Robert Maxwell, Esq., of Clonleigh, co. Donegal, and Sumner Hill, Dublin, ob. 14 Feb., 1874, a. 67. Also his w., Susannah Fullerton Maxwell, ob. 19 Oct., 1876, a. 68.

250. Lillie, only ch. of Wm. S. and F. E. Nye, of Marietta, Ohio, ob. 15 Jan., 1873, a. 21.

251. Ida Augusta Roeneke, born Jackson, b. in London, 27 Dec., 1851; ob. 6 Jan., 1874.

252. Annie Woodhouse, d. of Lionel Read Place, Esq., ob. 3 Dec., 1873, a. 27.

253. Isabella Blagden, b. 30 June, 1816; ob. 20 Jan., 1873.

254. Maria, widow of Carlo Ernesto Susanni, youngest d. of Wm. Lister, Esq., M.D., b. 8 Dec., 1806 ob. 8 Jan., 1874.

255. Anna Maria, widow of Inman Horner, of Virginia, d. of the late Joseph Peace, of Philadelphia, b. at Charleston, S.C., 2 Jan., 1799; ob. 16 June, 1873.

256. Adrian Edward Somerset Marryat, late officer of the Rifle Brigade, ob. 25 Feb., 187(3?), a. 28. Arms: Barry of six, on a canton a fleur-de-lis, impaling Quarterly, 1 and 4, three fleurs-de-lis; 2 and 3, three leopards in pale.

257. Robert Nicholson, Esq., b. 6 Nov., 1814; ob. 10 Dec., 1872.

258. Charlotte Emilia, d. of the Rev. H. W. Plumptree. Rector of Eastwood, Notts, b. 24 March, 1843; ob. 22 Nov.. 1872.

259. Susan M. Dalton, b. in Boston, 25 Ap., 1833; ob. 6 Dec., 1875.

260. Sir David Dumbreck, K.C.B., b. in Aberdeenshire, 1805, Inspector-General of Army Hospitals, and Hon. Physician to the Queen. Present at Alma, Balaklava, and Inkerman, and at the siege of Sebastopol, for which he received the Crimean medal and four clasps, the Turkish medal, and knighthood of the Order of the Mejidie, ob. 24 Jan., 1876. Erected by his widow.

261. Jane Miller, née Dickson, widow of Wm. Conway Gordon, late of H.M. 91st Regt., b. 18 Sept. 1824. ob. 27 Jan., 1876.

262. Elizabeth Anne, d. of the late Rev. Henry Morice, Vicar of Ashwell, Herts, Canon of Lincoln, ob. 27 May, 1876, a. 61.

263. The Rev. Henry Greene, ob. 5 Ap., 1876, a. 68. 264. Margaret Hoyle. w. of James Thompson. of Bradford, Yorks, b. 19 Sept., 1819, ob. 24 May, 1876. 265. Hugh Williams Jones, b. 8 Aug., 1843, ob. 27 Nov., 1876.

266. L.V.I., b. in Devonshire, ob. 14 Dec., 1876. Erected by the mother.

267. Mary Beatrice, d. of James and Helen McLeod, b. at Montreal, Can., 7 May, 1867, ob. 13 Jan., 1877.

From the path on the west side at a lower level :268. Henry Howell, of Birmingham, drowned at San Vicenzo, 30 May, 1875, a. 52.

269. Helen, d. of Joseph and Elizabeth Schofield, ob. 30 May, 1875. 270. Cornelia Amory Goddard Loring, of Boston, Mass., b. 27 Sept., 1810; ob. 15 May, 1875.

271. Ina, d. of Ross Saulter and Mary Holden, ob. 19 May, 1875, a. 18.

272. Richard Gibbons, Captain 60th Royal Rifles, 2nd s. of the late Sir John Gibbons, Bart., of Stan well Place, Midd., b. 27 Ap., 1807; ob. 26 Ap., 1875. 273. Louisa, widow of David Olyphant King, ob. 18 Dec., 1874.

274. Frederica, youngest d. of the late Rev. James Williams, A.M., of Pendley Manor, Herts, b. at Tring Park, Herts, 27 Feb., 1857; ob. 27 Jan., 1875. 275. Harwick, eldest s. of Richard Doncaster, Esq., of Middlethorpe, Newark, Notts, late Captain in H.B.M.'s Royal Body-Guard, ob. 7 Jan., 1875,

a. 37.

276. Wm. Fawcett, of Mossgill House, Westmorland, ob. 17 Dec., 1874, a. 75.

277. Harriet, 2nd d. of John Croft Brooke and Mary his w., of Ansthorpe Lodge, Yorks, b. 18 Jan., 1830; ob. 28 Nov., 1874.

278. Elizabeth Collins Hanchett, relict of Capt. M. Hanchett, R.N., d. of the Rev. C. Rigbye Collins, of Bath, Somt., and of Sidmouth, Devon, ob. 23 Aug., 1874.

279. Henry Dorr Child, b. 1821, in Boston, U.S.A., ob. 1874. Erected by Addison Child. 280. William, youngest s. of the late George Washington Tremlett, of Bristol, ob. 28 Ap., 1874,

a. 24.

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THE STRAND HOTEL.-There is an interesting revival of an old name in the impending erection on the site of Exeter Hall of a huge hotel which the prospectus announces as "The New Strand Hotel." The name is associated with an earlier undertaking, much on the same lines, but situated immediately east of St. Mary-le-Strand, a site almost entirely absorbed into the widened Strand. The Strand Hotel Company (capital 100,0007.), having purchased a lease of the site of Lyon's Inn, sold in December, 1862, the building material, &c., of this and the adjoining property. (See 'Some Account of the Parish of St. Clement Danes,' by John Diprose, i. 180, ii. 153; Walks and Talks about London,' by Timbs, pp. 1-7. The information in Old-Time Aldwych, the Kingsway,' &c., by "Charles Gordon," is only a repetition of Diprose's data.)

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The clearance involved by this and subsequent purchases to 22 March, 1864, included the old Dog Tavern," and the total area provided was for a southern block having frontages of 68 ft. in the Strand and 68 ft.

block having frontages of 191 ft. 6 in. to 10 in. to Holywell Street; and a northern and 180 ft. to Holywell Street. The buildWych Street, 13 ft. 2 in. to Newcastle Street, ings planned for these sites included 24 shop by 67 ft., having communication in the properties and a huge public hall, 145 ft. basement with the Strand frontage. Above the shops and hall, the hotel-a superstructure of four floors-would provide nearly 300 rooms. There is a copy of the prospectus in the Guildhall Library.

The scheme for several reasons did not succeed. way, the shops, and the mezzanine floor The hall and its connecting subwere built, but not completed when building operations ceased :—

"The buildings, exposed to the elements, comreaching to the roof, across which are giant girders menced to decay: massive walls, lofty pillars of mighty weight and size, are all mouldering to the seat of desolation and decay."-Diprose, i. 182. a state of ruin. The site of Lyon's Inn is still

the first important utilization of the site Except for the completion of the shops, was the building in 1868 of the Globe under the management of Mr. Sefton Parry. Theatre. It was opened on 28 November Almost immediately afterwards part of the huge cellar or excavation that was intended for the public hall was fitted as a theatre, and on 29 Oct., 1870, the Opéra Comique was opened with Les Prés Saint Gervais,' from the Théâtre Déjazet. by Sardou, performed by the company

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theatres need not be detailed. The subsequent history of these two was of importance, although at both several memorable successes the Globe was too small, and the Opéra were attained; but Comique too much handicapped by position. Its front entrance for stalls and balcony was in the Strand, whence the mirror-lined tunnel led to the auditorium. the gallery was obtained from Wych Street; Access to and all those behind the footlights found their way thither through a narrow doorway in Newcastle Street. When the final clearance came, and these theatres, with all their neighbourhood, fell under the Holborn material of the Opéra Comique was sold in Strand Improvement, the building 55 lots on 31 Jan., 1901, and that of the Globe on 12 May, 1903.

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ful after 1870. With the Holywell Street
The shop property was generally success-
frontage of the southern block Messrs.
W. & A. Denny were associated until the
end.
Strand front by The London Reader and
Journalism was represented in the

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'OLD MOTHER HUBBARD': ITS AUTHOR.

-There are 37 editions of this old nursery rime in the British Museum Library, ranging from the second in 1806 to 1892, and including two translations in 1860 [?] -one into Danish, and the other into Dutch. There is also a sequel by W. F., which is a copy of the style in every respect. In a recently published book we get the author's name from a copy of the first edition, which is of sufficient interest to be chronicled in N. & Q.' At Kitley, Yealmpton, co. Devon, the seat of the Bastard family, is a small volume, about four inches square, illustrated with little woodcuts. Inside the

book is this note :

44

Original Presentation Copy of Mother Hubbard,' written at Kitley by Sarah Catherine Martin, and dedicated to John Pollexfen Bastard, M.P. Mother Hubbard was, as is believed, the housekeeper at Kitley at that time.”

Then follows the dedication :

"To J. [P.] B. Esq. M.P. County of......at whose suggestion and at whose House these Notable Sketches were designed, this Volume is with all suitable deference Dedicated by his Humble Servant, 8. C. M. Published 1 June 1805."-Warner's "History of Yealmpton,' p. 94.

The initial P. does not occur in the second

dition, consequently I have placed it in Irackets. It is possible the skit was understood by the members of the family at the ime, though the meaning is now lost.

The dedication of the sequel is as follows : "To P. A. County of......at whose suggestion these Totable Sketches were designed: This Volume is rith all suitable deference Dedicated by her most Jumble Servant, W. F."

The text and illustrations are quite equal o the original.

AYEAHR.

RUSHLIGHTS.-An old man living at Horley in the beginning of this century emembered the 66 cast-iron " dish in use or holding the grease through which rushes vere drawn 66 a dozen times backwards ind forwards." It rested on what he called

"bran-dogs." I have a rough sketch of this, drawn from his description. Confirmative of this, Aubrey, in 1673, says that at Ockley in Surrey " the people draw peeled rushes through melted grease, which yields a sufficient light for ordinary use, is very cheap and useful, and burns long.' 39 These rushlights were fixed in stands made for the purpose, some of which were high, to stand in the ground, and some low, on the table. These stands had an iron part something like a pair of pliers, and the rush was shifted forward from time to time as it burnt down in the two closing parts that held it (see Cobbett's Cottage Ecoup mostly by rushlight," and he did not find nomy'). Cobbett was "bred and brought The rush-holder was in some parts known that he saw less clearly than other people. as Tom Candlestick," an upright pole, &c., with pincers at its head to hold candles (Hodgson MS., quoted in Heslop's 'Northin the City Museum, Guildhall). umberland Glossary'; see also examples

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used to gather the rushes late in summer. Decayed labourers, women and children As soon as they were cut they were flung into water and kept there; otherwise they would dry and shrink, and the peel would not run, that is, the bark could not be stripped from the pith. Of this bark, however, one small strip was left to hold the pith together. When peeled, they must be bleached on grass and take the dew for some nights, after which they were dried in the sun (see Southey's Commonplace Book,' 2nd series, p. 350). Rushlights were known to the Romans (vide Fosbroke's 'Encyclopædia of Antiquities,' vol. i. p. 229; and Pliny, xvi. 37).

J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL.

worth noting that under the new division "THE UPPER THAMES." -It may be of the river between the Port of London authority and a new Board for "the Upper Thames,' the latter term will mean the of London used to extend to Staines, and river above Teddington. Formerly the Port the law of the Thames in several mattersas, for example, fishery and the towingpath-is and will continue different below Staines from what it is above. Once upon a time, however, there were two bodies of rulers, afterwards brought together in the Conservancy; and the Upper Thames Navigation meant the river above a much higher point than Staines itself, probably not always the same point-at one time Reading. D.

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