Nuclear Physics and the Fundamental Particles

absorber absorption coefficient accelerator annihilation antineutrino antiparticles antiproton beam bevatron binding energy bubble chamber C₁ capture Cerenkov charged particle cloud chamber cm² collisions conservation cosmic rays Coulomb barrier cross section decay modes decay reaction deflected detected detector deuteron electric electron emitted energy levels equation example experiment experimental He¹ high-energy hydrogen hyperon increases interactions ion pairs ionization isotopes K meson kinetic energy Lawrence Radiation Laboratory lifetime machine magnetic field Mc² measure meson momentum neutral neutrino neutron nuclear disintegration nuclear emulsion nuclear forces nucleons nucleus nuclide observed orbit oscillator pair production parity photoelectric effect physicist physics pions positive positron potential produced properties proton pulse quantum number radiation belt radioactive radius region rest mass scattering schematically scintillator shell shown in Fig spin ẞ decay stable strange particles target theory track tube unstable velocity of light voltage wave wavelength y-ray Yukawa