The Rev. ROBERT UVEDALE, Vicar of Fotherby and Hogsthorpe, having learned from the public prints that Mr. Sadler and Mr. Hume have presented to the House of Commons petitions from Kendal, complaining of an attempt to levy Tithes in kind, begs to state that he has a MS. in small quarto respecting Trinity College, Cambridge, which belonged to his great-grandfather, the Rev. R. Uvedale, LL.D. one of the Fellows, and which comprises copies of Charters, Statutes, and King's Letters, and Accounts of Masters, Benefactors, Estates, &c. From a passage in this book, it is evident that the holders of land in the parish of Kendal were, 300 years ago, not liable to such demands as have been lately set up by Trinity College.

M. J. begs to correct a statement (p. 476), in the notice of Dr. Halloran, that the Britannia was the flag-ship of Lord Nelson at the Battle of Trafalgar.' The Britannia bore the flag of the late Admiral the Earl of Northesk, the second in command in that memorable engagement. Further particulars of Dr. Halloran are given in Warner's Recollections of a Literary Life, little to the credit of his character.

"Of a far different stamp (observes the same Correspondent) was that of the late Captain Richard Budd Vincent, of whose professional career honourable mention is made in the Gent. Mag. for the same month. He was in truth as good as he was brave, and will long be deplored by those who had the happiness of enjoying his friendship, and her to whom he had been the best of husbands. Captain Vincent married, in 1805, Philippa, youngest daughter of Richard Norbury, esq. a Captain in his Majesty's Navy, by whom he has left no issue."

Mr. JACOB, author "of the Annals of the British Norman Isles," inquires for particulars concerning the family of Perchard, who are descended from one of the worthies of Guernsey. In the country parish of St. Pierre du Bois, there is a marble monument in the Church, placed there by its former inhabitants, but without a date, "To the honour of James Perchard, esq. a privy counsellor during the reigns of Queen Anne and King George I." It appears on the same tablet (the whole inscription being in French) that his grandfather, the Rev. John Perchard, was Rector of the same parish for 47 years, and died at the age of 72 in 1653. Also, that his "father John Perchard was a Captain in the Island Militia; he died on 22d January, 1697, aged 78 years." Upon this monument it is stated that the said James Perchard had given a thousand pounds sterling (ayant fuit un don) to the funds of the poor of the parish;" but when it was

given, whether in his life-time, or by his will, is not stated. Now in the Town Hospital, among the list of benefactions and legacies for the year 1750, they have a James Perchard, a gentleman of the most Hon. Privy Council," one thousand pounds." Is this a second 1000l. or is it the above-mentioned "don" or gift to the country parish? No mention is made of the death, or will, or burial of the said Privy Councillor. There is also a monument in the Town Church of St. Pierre Port, for Peter Perchard, esq. and his late wife Martha (daughter of late Henry Le Mesurier, esq.) both of whom with four of their daughters lie buried in the same grave, in the parish of St. Mary Abchurch, London. It is stated on this Guernsey monument, “that he was a native of this island; that he was elected Sheriff of that great city in 1793, and invested with the high and honourable office of Lord Mayor on the 9th of Nov. 1804. When he had executed this last great trust, reposed in him in so upright a imanner as to demand the thanks of all his fellow citizens, Heaven was pleased that his mortal course should end. He survived his Mayoralty but ten weeks, and died on the 21st of Jan. 1806, in the 77th year of his age." Quere, was this Peter descended from the above James the Privy Counsellor ? When Martha the above died in 1787, she left two daughters alive. Are there any descendants from these? What are the

arms the Perchards bore? Any particulars respecting the above will be thankfully received and noticed in the second part of the Annals.

The Editor of the "Family Topogra pher" will feel obliged by any of our Correspondents furnishing a list of the Druidical remains in the county of Hants ;-distinguishing whether circles of stones, rockbasons, logan-stones, &c.

Mr. WM, HORTON LLOYD begs to notice with thanks the observations of A. J. K. (p. 317), and Mr. R. F. HOPWOOD (p. 290), on the word Seneschal. To the latter (says he) I cannot attach sufficient meaning. The former is certainly worthy of attention: but, as A. J. K. has expressed it, Dr. Brady might be supposed to confound the Teutonic and Saxon languages. Brady's words are -"From the Teutonick Sehen" (which by the errata is to be corrected to Seon) "or Saxon Theon, to see, and scale," &c. This accuracy is desirable, because when there is a choice of deriving a word from roots of one language, or from those of more than one, it is always more probable that the same language or dialect should have supplied all the syllables.

spondent to the Times newspaper, indeed, distinctly state that the medical practitioners of the town have not by any means supported with their exertions the temporary hospital that has been established under the sanction of the general Board of Health for the especial treatment of this formidable disease. Whether such disinclination may have arisen from professional jealousies at the appointment of strangers to the town, or to any wish of concealing from the public the extent of the disorder among the population of the town,-it is equally to be deplored.

The fair way of forming an estimate as to the probability of the disease now prevailing at Sunderland being transferred to London, will be to suppose a case, with the embargo removed from the shipping of the port, as the mercantile interests so loudly contend for.

Let us suppose one or more of the crew of a Sunderland trading vessel to have been visiting his relatives or friends among the infected districts of the town, being himself previously in bad health. Such a man might be able to discharge his duties as a seaman for a few days' voyage, yet within a week or two after his reaching London (or any other port) he may be seized with all the usual symptoms of the disease. Now through neglect or improper treatment, or being exposed to a depraved atmosphere, or ill ventilated dwelling adjacent to the river, we have a right to suppose this patient might be the means of generating de novo a disease nearly or precisely similar to that of Sunderland; the contagious character of which would of course depend on the locality of the spot, the want of attention to cleanliness and ventilation in the sick chamber, and to the predisposition to disease of the immediate attendants of the patient, as in the worst cases of typhus fever. Making allowance for the irregularities of sailors, it is therefore extremely probable that the disease would speedily be imported or propagated in the port of London in the manner before mentioned, provided no restrictions were imposed on the navigation.

There are no just grounds for ascribing the production of Cholera to any sudden exposure to specific virus, like that of small pox, scarlatina, &c. On the contrary, the whole of the evidence that has been adduced of the

[Dec.

progress of the disease, shows that it is chiefly, if not entirely generated by local causes, such as the poisonous miasma of swampy districts, filthy dwellings, and insufficient or poor diet. Yet when the disease is once generated in any unwholesome district, it has been proved that it may be propagated by individuals who have been for a time exposed to such vitiated atmosphere, while the appearances would indicate that the disease might have existed in a nascent or incipient stage for many days, or probably weeks, before such individual sickens with the more decided and alarming symptoms.

If this view of the case be correct, the symptoms of collapse and spasms ought to be considered a very advanced stage of the disorder, instead of being regarded (as they have been too generally considered) the first attack of the disease.

There are two weighty reasons why it is desirable to consider the disease as of local rather than of foreign origin. In the first place, if the disease has been generated on the banks of the Wear in the manner before stated (an assumption borne out by all the leading facts stated by the medical gentlemen as to the locality of the principal seats of the disease in the town, and the filthy and intemperate habits of the lower class of the inhabitants,) it points out the propriety of removing all the sick, or even the suspected of disease, from their present habitations to other places beyond the range of the malaria. On the other hand, if the disorder be of a local instead of foreign origin, there is less danger of its extension to other towns, where the locality of such town renders it a salubrious district. With a view, therefore, to the prevention of the disease, it is much to be regretted that such total uncertainty exists regarding the source of this pestilence in the port of Sunderland.

But it is incumbent on each party at issue on this important point, to show the data upon which they found their conclusions. Unless the anticontagionists are prepared to show that the facts upon which they rest their inferences, embrace all the conditions of the argument, they prove nothing; or in this case worse than nothing, from the tendency it must have to make individuals or public

bodies relax from those wholesome precautions of cleanliness and ventilation, which might not only prevent the spread of this fatal disease, but obviate, in a very material degree, the predisposition of the poor inhabitants of crowded cities to fevers in general. Without Mr. Searle, and the other gentlemen who argue against the possibility of contagion, are prepared to prove that they have been subjected to all the predisposing causes of constitutional debility, poor diet, and unwholesome air from ill-ventilated apartments, previous to their being exposed to personal contact, or to the aërial miasmata issuing from a patient labouring under Cholera, or were inattentive to themselves afterwardsthey prove nothing.

It is well known that mental depression alone will render persons exceedingly susceptible of febrile disease, while other persons, without feeling any such apprehension, may enter a hospital or sick chamber with impunity. But we have a right to assume, unless the contrary were proved, that those gentlemen who have voluntarily exposed themselves to the hazard of infection, have been both fortified by good resolution and good living previous to their visitation of the sick. Any arguments, therefore, that might be deduced from such premises with regard to contagion or non-contagion, must be wholly unworthy of that degree of confidence which could authorise Government or any municipal authority, in relaxing from every due precaution with the view of preventing the dissemination of the disease. But it is scarcely worth consideration, when a pestilential disease is actually spreading through the population of a town containing 40,000 inhabitants, to speculate concerning its importation or non-importation, when the locality of that town renders it notorious for the propagation of both intermittent and typhus fevers. It is well known that the most obstinate

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intermittents are generated by the marsh effluvia from those districts which are alternately covered and uncovered by the tides. This is common at the estuary of every great river in Europe to more or less extent. But if we take into account the vast quantity of carbonaceous matter on the shores of the Wear, together with the carburet and sulphuret of lead in the soil of the adjacent districts, we can readily conceive the alluvium washed down by the Wear and its tributary streams, to form quite sufficient nidus for the generation of poisonous miasma of a peculiar kind. That some local malaria or aërial poison constitutes the actual source of the complicated fever now raging at Sunderland, we cannot of course adduce any actual proof, though it is at least quite as probable as that of the importation of the disorder from the Continent.*

Within a short period after the reception of convicts into the Penitentiary prison at Pimlico, a peculiar kind of fever (combining the characters of intermittent with typhoid symptoms, and usually accompanied by diarrhoea,) prevailed throughout the prison, to such extent as to bid defiance to all kinds of medical treatment, until the prisoners were removed to other more salubrious places, when they speedily became convalescent. A similar plan was found necessary in the dreadful fever that prevailed a few years back at Gibraltar.

But it would greatly exceed my limits were I to cite the numberless instances (known to many of your readers, Mr. Urban,) of the periodical production of intermittent fever in marshy or low levels, and where the habits of people greatly augment the progress of the disease.

On a question on which so much difference of opinion exists, both as to the nature of the disease and the medical treatment to be adopted, I shall hesitate in offering any remarks, except so far as to notice the judicious.