QUANTITY

QUADRIEN NIAL, a. See QUADREN

NIAL.

QUADRIEN NIALLY, adv. See QUADRENNIALLY.

QUADRIFA'RIOUS, a. [L. quadra, and fero.] Arranged in four rows or

ranks.

QUAD'RIFOIL, a. Same as QUADRI

FOLIATE.

QUAD RIFURCATED, a. [L. quadra, and furca, a fork.] Having four forks. QUADRIJ UGOUS, QUADRIJ ́UGATE, instead of QUADRIJU’GOUS, QUADRIJU GATE, a. QUADRILLE', v. i. To play at quadrille.

QUADRIPEN'NATE, a. [L. quadra, and penna, a wing.] Having four wings. QUES'TA, n. [From L. quæstus, profit, gain, advantage.] In the middle ages, an indulgence or remission of penance granted by the pope, and exposed to

sale.

QUÆS TUS, n. In law. [See QUESTUS.] QUAG, n. A shaking wet soil; a quagmire.

QUÁICH, Į n. [Gael. cuach, a cup or QUEGH, bowl.] A small and shallow drinking cup with two ears.[Scotch.] QUAILE,t v. t. [See QUAIL.] To subdue. Spenser.]

QUAINT, a. [add.] Disdainful; shy. [Spenser.

QUAINT LY, adv. [add.] Oddly; fancifully; singularly.

QUAIRE,† n. A quire of paper; a book. [Chaucer.]

QUA KERISH, a. Relating to, or resembling Quakers.

QUAKE-TAIL, n. The yellow wagtails are so named from their habit of constantly moving their tails. QUA'KINGLY, adv. Tremblingly. QUAKKE,+ n. [See QUAKE. A shaking; the ague. [Chaucer.] QUALIFICATOR, n. In Roman Catholic ecclesiastical courts, an officer whose business it is to examine and prepare causes for trial. QUALIFIED OATH, n. In law, a circumstantial oath.

QUALIFY, v. i. [add.] To swear to discharge the duties of an office; and hence, to make oath to any fact; as, I am ready to qualify to what I have asserted. [American.]

QUALITY, n. [add.] Ability; qualifications. [Shah.-Quality of estate, in law, the manner in which the enjoyment of an estate is to be exercised during the time which the right of enjoyment continues. Thus, a man may enjoy an estate solely, or in joint ten

QUASI ENTAIL

sible or imaginary quantities. [See IMAGINARY.]

QUANTUM, n. [add.] The action of quantum valebat was abolished by 1 Wm. IV.

QUAPPE,† v. i. To quaver; to shake; to tremble. [Chaucer.] QUA'RE. [L. wherefore.] Quare clausum fregit [wherefore he broke the close.] In law, a plea in trespass which operates as a denial of the defendant having committed the alleged trespass in the place mentioned. QUARELS,† n. plur. A kind of arrows. [See QUARREL.] [Chaucer.] QUAR'LE,† n. A quarrel or dart. [See QUARREL.] [Spenser.] QUAR'REL, n. [add.] In law, an action real or personal.

QUAR'REL, n. add.] The glazier's diamond for cutting glass. QUARRELL,† n. A quarrel or dart. [Spenser.]

QUAR'REY,† n. Game; prey. [See QUARRY, NO. 3.] [Spenser.] QUAR'RIER, n. A worker at a quarry; one who quarries.

QUARTER, v. t. [add.] To punish by tearing into four pieces, by four horses, one attached to each limb of a criminal. QUART ER, v. i. [add.] To be stationed; to remain in quarters; as, a part of the army quartered in the city. [Swift.] QUARTER-BOARDS, n. A thin bulwark boarding, forming an additional height to the bulwarks at the after-part of a vessel. They are also called topgallant bulwarks.

QUARTER-DAYS, n. See QUARTER. QUAR'TER-FOIL, n. See QUATRE

FOIL.

QUARTER-GUNNER, n. In a shipof-war, an able seaman; the gunner's assistant, to act under his mates. QUARTERIZA'TION, n. Dividing a criminal into four quarters. QUARTERLY, n. Á publication issued once a quarter, as a review. QUART ERN LOAF, n. A loaf made of a quarter of a stone (14 lbs.) of flour; but the quartern loaf is generally of the weight of 4 lbs.

QUART'ER-PIECES, n. Pieces of timber intended chiefly to cover in the after-butts of the planking in the quar

ter.

QUART'ERS, n. Lodgings. [Scotch.] [See QUARTER, No. 8.] QUART'ER-SESSIONS, n. See QUARTER, and SESSION. QUART'ER-STANCHIONS,n. Strong stanchions in the quarters of a squaresterned vessel, one of which forms the extreme boundary of the stern on either side.

QUARTER-TIMBERS, n. The framing timbers in a ship's quarters. [See cut POINTERS in this Supp.) QUARTET TO, instead of QUARTETTO'.

QUAR TRAIN, n. See QUATRAIN. QUART RIDGE, n. Quarterly allowance; quarterage. [Swift.] QUARTZITE, n. Quartz rock; an aggregate of grains of quartz, sometimes passing into compact quartz. QUASH EE, n. A name given to negroes; derived from Quassy, a negro, who first made known the medicinal virtues of one of the species of the quassia plant, in remembrance of whom the genus was named. QUA'SI ERIME, n. In law, the action of one doing damage or evil involun

tarily.

QUEINTISE

pur autre vie may be granted, not only to a man and his heirs, but to a man and the heirs of his body, which is termed a quasi entail; the interest so granted not being properly an estatetail.

QUASIMO DO, instead of QUASIMODO.

QUASS, n. A mean sort of fermented liquor, made by pouring warm water on rye or barley meal, and drunk by the peasantry of Russia. It is reckoned an excellent antiscorbutic. QUAS'SINE,) n. A name given by QUAS SITE, Wiggers to the bitter principle of quassia (Picræna excelsa). This substance, by the aid of water, crystallizes in very small white prisms. Its taste is intensely bitter, but it is destitute of smell. It is scarcely soluble in common ether, slightly soluble in water, and more soluble in alcohol. QUATERNARY, a. [add.] In chem., a term applied to those compounds which contain four elements, as gum, fibrine, &c. QUATERNOX'ALATE, Įn. A comQUADROX'ALATE, Sbination of one equivalent of oxalic acid, with four equivalents of a base; as, the quadroralate of potash.

QUATÖRZE', n. [Fr.] A game of cards. At piquet, four cards of the same denomination.

QUAY'ED,† pp. Quailed; subdued. [Spenser.]

QUEEN-APPLE, n. A species of apple. QUEENE,† n. [See QUEAN.] A worthless woman; a strumpet. [Spenser.] QUEEN'ING, n. A species of winterapple.

QUEEN'S' ADVOCATE, n. [See KING'S ADVOCATE.] QUEEN'S' COUNSEL, n. The attor ney-general and solicitor-general. QUEEN'S' EVIDENCE, n. [See King's evidence under KING.]

QUEEN'SHIP, n. The state or condition of a queen.

QUEEN'S' METAL, n. An alloy composed of nine parts of tin, one of bismath, one of antimony, and one of lead; used for making teapots, spoons, &c. QUEEN'S' PRISON, n. A jail appropriated to the debtors and criminals confined under process, or by authority of the superior courts at Westminster, the high court of admiralty; and also to persons imprisoned under the bankruptlaw. The Queen's bench, Fleet, and Marshalsea prisons were consolidated by 5 and 6 Vict., c. 22. QUEEN'S' WARE, n. Glazed earthenware of a cream colour. QUEER, a. [add.] A queer fish, a sportive or colloquial term for an odd or eccentric person. QUEER'ISH, a. Somewhat queer; odd. QUEER'Y MADAM, n. [Fr. cuisemadame.] A pear so called. [Sir W. Scott.]

QUE ESTÃTE', n. In law, a plea where one entitling another to land says, that he and they whose estate he has, have enjoyed the same. QUEINT,† a. Strange. [See QUAINT.]

Queint elect, quaintly or oddly chosen. [Spenser.] QUEINT,† pp. for QUENCHT. Extinguished. [Spenser.]

QUEINTE,† a. [See QUAINT.] Strange; cunning; artful; neat; trim; elegant. [Chaucer.]

QUEINT ISE,† n. [Fr. cointise.] Quaintness; trimness; neatness; excessive trimness; cunning. [Chaucer.]

QUIDDLE

QUEISH, n. See QUAICH in this QUEGH, Supp.

QUELLE,† v. t. [Sax. cwellan.] To kill; to destroy. [Chaucer.]

QUENE,† n. A queen; a harlot. [Chaucer.]

QUEN'TISE, n. See COINTOISE in this Supp.

QUERCITAN'NIC ACID, n. Same as tannic acid,-which see. QUER CITRINE, n. The colouring principle of quercitron-bark. QUER CITRON, n. For " Quercus nigra," read Quercus tinctoria. QUERNE,+ n. See QUERN. [Chaucer.] QUERQUEDU'LA, n. A genus of webfooted birds containing the common teal (Q. crecca), the garganey (Q. circia), and other species.

QUER ROUR,† n. A quarrier; one who works in a stone-quarry. [Chaucer.] QUEST, n. [add.] An adventure. - İn romance, the expedition in which a knight was engaged, and which he was obliged to perform. [Spenser.]—A bird, the local name of the ring-dove or cushat (Columba palumbus). QUESTE, n. [See QUEST.] A prayer or demand. [Chaucer.] QUESTER,† n. A seeker; a searcher; a dog employed to find game. QUESTION, n. Pron. kwest'-yun, not ques'-chun.-[add.] A point of doubt or difficulty; discourse. [Shak.] Leading question, one which is so put as to show the answer which is desired, and thus to lead and prepare the way for its being given. It is not allowed in courts of law to put such questions to a witness under examination.

QUESTION, v. t. [add.] To inquire
into, or canvass the propriety or le-
gality of an action; as, to question an
exercise of prerogative. [Hume.]
QUESTION, v. i. [add.] To dispute;
to doubt; as, I question not but the in-
telligence is correct. [Addison.]
QUESTIONABLY, adv. Doubtfully.
QUESTIONARY, n. An itinerant ped-
dler of relics. [Sir W. Scott.]
QUESTIONING, n. Interrogation;
the putting of questions.
QUESTIONING, ppr. [add.] Convers-
ing; discoursing. [Shak.]
QUETHE,† v. i. or t. [See QUOTя. Sax.
quethan.] To say; to declare. [Chau-
cer.]

QUEUE, n. [add.] A support for a
lance; a lance-rest.
QUICH,+
QUECH,+

v. i. and n. See QUEACH. QUICK-AN'SWERED, a. Quick in reply; ready at repartee. [Shak.] QUICK-HATCH, n. A name of the wolverine (Gulo luscus). The strength of this quadruped, compared with its size, is enormous. It digs up provisions, when concealed by the North American hunters, at a considerable depth, and with heavy articles placed also above the packages. QUICK'SANDS, n. Masses of loose or moving sand, which are formed on many sea-coasts, and generally at the mouths of rivers, as those of the Nile and Senegal. They often become movable bars, which are very dangerous to shipping.

QUICK-WORK, n. In merchant ships, the same as SPIRKETTING,-which see. In a ship-of-war, a term for the planking between the quarter-deck ports. QUID DLE, v. i. To be busy about trifles; to piddle. [American.]

II. SUPP.

QUIPPA

QUID'DLE, n. One who busies himQUID'DLER,) self about trifles. [American.]

QUID PRO QUO. Misplaced: see after QUID.

QUIES CENCE, n. [add.] State of neutrality or indifference. [Obsolete.] QUIE'TUS, a. [L.] Freed or acquitted. QUIE'TUS, n. [add.] An exchequer term used for discharge or acquittance to accountants.

QUIGHT,† v. t. [See QUIT.] To release; to disengage. [Spenser.] QUI HI, interrog. Who is, or who goes there, or who waits. [East Indies.]-From the gentlemen in Bengal calling in these words so much to the servants, to do something which they are too indolent to do themselves, they have received the nickname of qui hi. In Madras they are called mulls, and in Bombay, ducks, also from local cir

cumstances.

QUIK,† a. Quick; alive. [Chaucer.] QUIK'ED,† pp of Quik. Made alive. [Chaucer.]

QUIK'ED, † pret. Used in a neuter sense. Became alive. [Chaucer.] QUIK'EN,+ v. t. To quicken; to make alive. Chaucer.]

QUIKK'EST, † a. superl. Speediest. -The quikkest strete, the most expeditious way. [Chaucer.]

QUIL'LET, n. A scantling; a small spot. [Bacon.]

QUILL-WORT, n. A kind of fern. QUILT'ER, n. One who quilts. QUINCE'-PIE, n. A pie made of quinces. QUINCE'-TREE, n. The Cydonia vulgaris. [See QUINCE.]

QUIN'CUNX, n. [add.] An arrangement or disposition of things by fives in a square, one being placed in the middle of the square. QUIN'IBLE,† n. A sort of musical instrument. [Chaucer.] QUIN'OLINE, n. A liquid volatile base, formed artificially by distilling quinine, cinchonine, or strychnine, along with caustic potash. It is very bitter, and strongly alkaline; and forms crystal

lizable salts with acids.

QUINOM ETER, n. [Quinia, and Gr.

Tov, a measure.] A contrivance for ascertaining the strength of quinine. QUINOMETRY, n. The method of determining the strength of quinine. QUINQUECAP'SULAR, instead of QUINQUECAPSULAR. QUINQUEDEN TATED, a. Having five teeth or indentations. QUINQUEFO ́LIATE, a. QUINQUEFOLIATED. QUINQUEN'NIUM, n. The space of five years. QUINQUEP ARTITE, instead of QUINQUEPARTITE. QUINQUESYL'LABLE, n. A word of five syllables.

Same as

QUIN'TAN, n. A form of intermittent fever which recurs every fifth day. QUIN'TROON, n. In the West Indies, the child of a white man by a mustiphini, or a woman who has one-sixteenth part of negro blood. Hence a quintroon is only one thirty-second from being a white.

QUIP, v. t. [add.] To sneer at or insult. [Spenser.]

QUIP PA, n. The name given to knotted cords of various colours, used for recording events by the ancient Peruvians, Mexicans, &c. This word is also spelled quippo, and quippu. 327

Q. V.

QUIRE, n. [add.] A company. [Spenser.] QUIRK'ED, a. Having a quirk or quirks. QUIRK'ED MOULDINGS, n. See QUIRK-MOULDINGS.

QUIS'CALUS, n. A genus of birds allied to the starlings, and indigenous to America. The Q. versicolor, or purple grackle, is very destructive to the Indian corn.

QUISH'IN,†n. [Fr. coussin.] A cushion. [Chaucer.]

QUIS QUILLARY, n. [Lat, quisquiliæ.] The sweepings of a house; small sticks, leaves, or sprigs; the refuse of society; riff-raff, &c.

QUIS QUIS, a. [L.] Doubtful; suspicious. [Colloquial.]

QUIS'TRON,† n. [Fr. quistrer, to ask, to beg.] A beggar. [Chaucer.} QUIT, n. Many small passerine birds are so called by our colonists in Jamaica and elsewhere, probably from their note.

QUITE, adv. [add.] To a great extent or degree; very; as, quite warm; quite cold; quite young; quite recent; quite extraordinary.

QUITE,+ a. [Fr. quitte.] Free; quiet. [Chaucer.]

QUITE,† v. t. [See QUIT.] To requite; to pay for; to acquit. Chaucer.] QUITE' CLAME,† v. t. [See QUITCLAIM.] To quite clame one, to release him and quit him. [Spenser.] QUIT ED,† pp. for REQUITED. [Spenser.]

QUITE LY, adv. Freely; at liberty. [Chaucer.]

QUIT-RENT, n. [add.] A rent, the payment of which frees from services, &c.

QUITTE, pp. Acquitted. [Chaucer.] QUI VIVE. [Fr.] [add.] Pron. kē-veev ́, QUIZZ'ER, n. One who quizzes others,

or makes them the object of sport by deceiving them.

QUO AD HOC, instead of QUOAD HOC.

QUO AN'IMO, instead of QUO ANI-
MO.

QUOD,† pret. of Quethe. [See QUOTH.]
Said. [Chaucer.]
QUOD E'RAT

DEMONSTRAN'. DUM, instead of QUOD ERAT DEMONSTRANDUM.

QUOD ERAT FACIENDUM. [L.] Which was the thing to be done. QUO JU'RE, instead of QUO JURE. [add.] This writ is now abolished. QUOKE,† pret. of Quake. Trembled; shook: [Chaucer.]

QUOLL, n. The Dasyurus macrourus, a marsupial animal of New Holland, called also spotted marten. It is nearly the size of a cat.

QUON'DAMSHIP,† n Some former state or condition. [Latimer.] QUOOKE,† pp. of Quake. Quaked. [Spenser.]

QUOT, n. One-twentieth part of the movable estate of a person dying in Scotland, anciently due to the bishop of the diocese where he resided. QUOTATIONIST, n. One who makes quotations.

QUOTE, v. t. [add] To mark; to observe; to note. [Shak.] QUOTED, pp. [add.] Observed; noted. [Shak.

QUO WARRAN'TO, instead of QUO WAR RANTO.

Q. V. An abbreviation of quantum vis, as much as you will.-Also, an abbre viation of quod vide, which see.

8 N

R.

RACK

RA,† n. [Sax. raa.] A roebuck. [Chaucer.]

RA'ÁSCH, n. A fish. [See THUNDERFISH in this Supp.] RAB'BIT-FISH, n. A local name in Shetland for the northern chimæra, or king of the herrings, Chimæra monstrosa.

RAB BITRY, n. A place for rabbits; a rabbit-warren.

RAB'BIT-WAR'REN, n. A piece of ground appropriated to the preservation and breeding of rabbits. RAB'BLE-ROUT, n. A tumultuous assembly.

RABDOI'DAL, a. [Gr. fæßhes, a rod,

and use, resemblance.] Rod-like.-In anat., a term formerly applied to the sagittal suture.

RAB'IDLY, adv. Madly; furiously. RA'BIES, n. [add.] Madness occurring after the bite of a rabid animal, as a dog or cat.

RAB'LEMENT,† n. See RABBLEMENT. [Spenser.]

RACE, n. [add.] Nature; natural disposition. [Shak.]-In weaving. [See LAY-RACE in this Supp.]-The races of man are different varieties or forms of one species, which are capable of fruitful union, and are propagated by generation. Blumenbach distinguishes five different races of men, viz.: (1.) The Caucasian race, including the Europeans, with the exception of the Laplanders and Finns; the inhabitants of Eastern and Western Asia, Western Africa, the Ganges, and borders of the Caspian Sea. (2.) The Mongolian race, which comprises all the Asiatics except those of the Caucasian variety, and the Malays; the Laplanders and Finns, the most northern Americans, the Esquimaux, and the Greenlanders. (3.) The American race, comprising all the Americans, excepting those included in the preceding variety. (4.) The Ethiopian race, which includes all the Africans, excepting those of the Caucasian variety; viz., the African negroes, and the Indians of New Holland and the Indian Archipelago. (5.) The Malay race, including the brown islanders of the South Sea, the inhabitants of the Sunda Isles, the Moluccas, the Philippine, and Marianne Isles, and the true Malays of Malacca. [See MAN in Dict. and in this Supp.]

RACE-COURSE, n. The ground or path on which races are run.-Also, the canal along which water is conveyed to and from a water-wheel. RACE-GROUND, n. Ground appropriated to races.

RAC EME, instead of RA'CEME, n. RAC'EMED, instead of RA CEMED,a. RACHIAL GIA, n. [Gr. paxis, the spine, and anyos, pain.] Spine-ache, a designation of painter's colic, from the pains triking through the back. RA CINE,† n. [Fr.] A root. [Chaucer.] RA CINESS, n. [add.] A kind of tartness; as, raciness of style. RACK, v. t. [add.] To heighten; to exaggerate. [Shak.]

RACK, v. i. To amble, but with a thicker and shorter tread than in ordinary ambling, as a horse.

RAFTER

RACK ́ER, n. [add.] One that harasses by exactions; as, a racker of tenants. [Swift.]

RACKET, n. [add.] Racket, signifying a snow-shoe, is an American term. RACK ́ET, n. A smart stroke; a disturbance; an uproar. [Scotch.] RACK'ING, n. In marine lan., spun yarn, or material of any kind used to rack or splice the two ends of a rope together.

RACK ́-RENT, n. [add.] Rent raised to the uttermost. RACK'-VINTAĠE, n. Wines drawn from the lees. RAD,†

RAKELNESS

RAG, v. t. [Qu. from the root of rage.] To scold; to rail. [Local.] RA'GERIE,† n. See RAGERY. [Chaucer.]

RAG'GED, a. [add.] Broken; discordant; contemptible. [Shak.] RAG GED SCHOOLS, n. Schools for the lower class of children, which they are educated, partially fed, and taught some useful profession. They are supported by public contribution. They are also called industrial schools, -which see in this Supp. RAG'GLE, v. t. Technically, to notch or groove irregularly.

RADDE,tret. of Rede. Advised; RAGOUN CES,† n. plur. The precious

explained. [Chaucer.] RADE, pp. Rode. [Scotch.] RAD'ÉVORE,† n. [Etym. uncertain.] Tapestry. [Chaucer.]

RA DIARY, n. One of the radiata. [See RADIATA.]

RA'DIATE, v. i. [add.] To issue and proceed in direct lines from a point or surface, as heat.

RA'DIATE, v. t. [add.] To emit or send
out in direct lines from a point or sur-
face, as heat.

RADIATION, n. [add.] In natural phi-
losophy, whatever sends forth emissions
in all directions in the form of radii is
said to radiate; and hence we have ra-
diation, not only of heat and of light,
but also of sound.
RA'DIATOR, n. He or that which
radiates; a body or substance from
which rays emanate or radiate.
RA'DIX, n. [add.] In bot., the root of a
plant. [See Roor.]-In anat., a term
applied to some parts which are in-
serted into others, or spring from them,
as a root from the earth; as the fangs,
the origin of some of the nerves, &c.-
In the Materia Medica, the term radix
is employed to designate the roots of
medicinal plants, or certain prepara-
tions from them.-A radix, among the
old astronomers. [See Roor in this
Supp.]

RÃES, n. plur. Roes. [Scotch.]
RAFF, n. A person of worthless cha-
racter. [Scotch.] [See RIFF-RAFF.]
RAF'LES,† n. plur. Plays with dice.
[See RAFFLE.] [Chaucer]
RÄFT, n. [add] In the United States,
this term is applied to a large collection
of timber and fallen trees, which, float-
ing down the great rivers of the West,
are arrested in their downward course
by flats or shallows, where they accu-
mulate, and sometimes block up the
river for miles.
RÄFT-CHAINS, n. Chains for secur-
ing rafts.

RÄFT'-DOG, n. A broad, flat
RÄFT ING-DOG, piece of iron, with
a sharp point. It is driven into the
logs of which rafts are composed, and
at its other end is an eye, through
which the raft-chains are rove.
RÄFTE,† pp. of Reve. Bereft; de-
prived. [Spenser.]

RÄFTE,† pret. of Reve. Took away. [Chaucer.]

RÄFTER, v. t. To form into rafters.In agric., to plough up one-half of the land, by turning the grass-side of the ploughed furrow on the land that is left unploughed.

stones called jacinths, or hyacinths. [Chaucer]

RAG-TURNSOLE, n. Linen impregnated with the blue dye obtained from the juice of Crozophora tinctoria, or Croton tinctoria.

RAID, n. [From ride.] A hostile or predatory incursion; an invasion; an attack by violence; an inroad. [Scotch.] RAIL, n. [add.] Forecastle-rail, in ships, the rail across the after-part of the forecastle-deck.-Poop-rail, the rail across the forepart of the quarter-deck. -Top-rail, a rail across the after-part of each of a ship's tops. RAIL, v. t. [add.] To rail it, to travel by railway. [American.] RAIL-CAR, n. A railway-carriage. [American.]

RAIL'ING, n. [add.] Rails in general, or the materials for rails. RAILWAY-SLIDE, n. A turn-table, -which see.

RÃIN'-BIRD, n. In the West Indies,
this name is applied to two or more
curious birds of the cuckoo family.
One of these is the Cuculus vetula of
Linnæus, a species which feeds on large
caterpillars, locusts, spiders, mice, and
lizards. It is the type of the genus
Saurothera of modern naturalists, a
name which means lizard-hunter.
RAIN BOW-WORM, n. A species of
tetter, the Herpes iris of Bateman.
RAINE,† n. Reign. [Spenser.]
RAIP, n. A rope; a rood, or six ells in
length. [Scotch.]

RAIR, v. i. To roar. [Scotch.]
RAIR, n. A roar; an outery. [Scotch.]
RAIRED, pp. Roared. [Scotch.]
RAIS'ABLE, a. That may be raised or
produced.

RAISE, pret. from Rise. Rose; arose. [Scotch.]

RAISE, v. t. [add.] To raise one's bristles, to excite one's anger. [Low.] RAISONNÉ, a. (râ-zo-na'.) [Fr.] Rational; accurate; supported by reason; arranged and digested systematically; as, a catalogue raisonné. RAKE, n. [add.] This instrument is used not only for collecting hay, straw, and other light substances which are spread over a large surface, but also in gardens, for breaking loose earth, and smoothing the surface. RAKE HELL,t a. Base; dissolute; heedless; profligate. [Spenser.] RAK EL, a. [See RAKE, and RECKLESS.] Hasty; rash; reckless. [Chau cer.] RAK'ELNESS,† n. Rashness; lessness. [Chaucer.]

reck

RANKING

RAKE'STALE, n. The handle of a rake. [Local.j RAKE'STELE,† n. [Rake, and Sax. stele.] The handle of a rake. [Chaucer.] RAK ET, n. See RACKET. Chaucer.] RAK'ING, n. [add.] The course of life of a rake or debauchee. RAKISH, a. [add.] In vessels, having a great rake, or backward inclination of the masts.

RAL'LIER, n. One who rallies; one who exercises satirical merriment. RAM, n. In mech., (1.) Any heavy implement employed in a manner similar to the ancient battering-ram. (2.) The loose hammer of a pile-driving machine. RAM'AGE, n. [add.] Wild; untamed. [Chaucer.]

RÄ'MA-YA'NA, n. The oldest of the two great epic Sanscrit poems, which describes the life and actions of the hero Rama, and his wife Sita. RA'MENT, n. [L. ramentum, a RAMENTUM, chip, shaving, filing, &c.] In bot. [See RAMENTS.] RA'MENTS, instead of RAM'ENTS. RA'MIST, n. In philos., a follower RA'MEAN, or disciple of Peter Ramus, professor of rhetoric and philosophy at Paris, in the reign of Henry II. RAMP, v. i. [add.] To act wildly or extravagantly. [Shak.]

RAMPAGE, v. i. To rage and RAMPAUGE', storm; to prance about with fury. [Scotch.] RAMPAL'LION, n. A rude romp. [Scotch.]

RAMP'ANT, a. [add.] Lustful; salacious. [Pope.]

RAMPE, v. i. See RAMP. [Chaucer.] RAM PIER, n. A rampart. RAM'PIRE,† n. A rampart. RAM'ULOUS, a. Having many small branches.

RA'MUS, n. [L. a branch of a tree.] In anat., a branch of an artery; as, the ramus anastomoticus magnus, a branch of the brachial artery. RAMUS' CULE, n. [Dimin. of L. ramus, a branch.] In anat., a small branch, as those of the pia-mater.

RAN, pret. of Renne, to rend; to plunder. [Chaucer.] RAN,+ n. Force; violence; open robbery and rapine.

RANCHE RO, n. [Sp.] In Mexico, a farmer; a herdsman; a person who lives in a rancho.

RAN CHO, n. [Sp.] In Mexico, a farmsteading.

See RANTLE

RANCK,†) adv. [See RANK.] Fiercely. RANKE, [Spenser.] RAND'LE-TREE, n. TREE in this Supp. RAN'DON,† n. Random. [Spenser.] RANGE, n. [add.] An extended cooking apparatus of cast-iron, set in brickwork, and containing pots, oven, &c. RANGE MENT,† n. The act of ranging; arrangement.

RANG'ER, n. [add.] The name given to mounted troops armed with short muskets, who range the country around, and often fight on foot. RA'NIDE, instead of RANIDE. RA'NINE, a. Relating to a frog, or to frogs.

RA'NINE ARTERY, n. That portion of the lingual artery which runs in a serpentine direction along the surface of the tongue to its tip.

RANK, a. [add.] Full, as a river. [Shah.] RANK'ING, n. The act of placing in ranks or lines; the act of arranging, or of disposing in orders or classes.Ranking of creditors, in Scotch law,

RASKALL-MANY

the arrangement of the property of a debtor according to the claims of the creditors, in consequence of the nature of their respective securities. RANK'LE, v. t. To make sore; to irritate; to inflame. [Hume.] RAN'NEN,† pret. pl. of Renne, to run. [Chaucer.]

RANTI POLE,† n. A rude, romping boy or girl. RANT LE-TREE, n. The beam from RAND'LE-TREE, which the crook is RAUN'LE-TREE,) suspended, where there is no grate. Also, a tree chosen with two branches, which are cut short, and left somewhat in the form of the letter Y, set close to, or built into, the gable of a cottage, to support one end of the roof-tree. [Scotch.] RÄN'TREE, n. The mountain-ash; also called rowan-tree, and the fruit reddens. [Scotch.]

RANUNCULA CEOUS, a. Relating to the ranunculus, or its allied genera. RÄNZ-DES-VÄCHES,(ranz-da-väsh'.) [Fr.] Literally, the round of the cows. The name of certain simple melodies of the Swiss mountaineers, commonly played on a long trumpet, called the Alpine horn.

RAPE, n. [add.] The defloration of a female of tender age.-Rape of the forest, in law, trespass committed in the forest by violence. RAPE,† adv. [Suio-Goth. rapp, quick.] Quickly; speedily. [Chaucer.] RAPE,+ n. Haste. [Chaucer.] RAPE, v. t. [See RAP.] To take captive. To rape and renne, to seize and plunder. [Chaucer.] RAPE-SEED OIL, n. See RAPE. RAPHA'NIA, n. A disease attended with spasm of the joints, trembling, &c., said to arise from eating the seeds of Raphanus raphanistrum, or field-radish. RAPH'IDES, n. [add.] This term is also applied to conglomerate crystals found in the cells of plants.

RAP'ID, n. A swift current in a river, where the channel is descending; commonly used in the plural. [See RAPIDS.] RAPPAREES, n. Worthless runagates. [Sir W. Scott.]

RAPS, n. plur. Raptures; transports. [Shak.]

RAPSCAL LIONS, n. Rascals. [Scotch.]

RAPTORIAL, a. Rapacious; living by rapine or prey; as, raptorial birds. [See RAPTORES, RAPTORIOUS.] RAPTURE, n. [add.] A fit. [Shak.] RAP TUROUSLY, adv. With rapture; ecstatically.

RAS-AL GRATHA, n. [Ar.] A star of the third magnitude in the northern constellation Hercules. RAS-ALIA'GUS, n. [Ar.] The princi pal star in the northern constellation Serpentarius.

RASCAL, n. [add.] A young deer, lean and out of season. [Shak.] RAS' CAL-LIKE, a. Like a lean deer. [Shak.]

RASH, n. A species of inferior silk, or silk and stuff manufacture. RASH'LY, adv. [add.] Inconsiderately; at a venture. [Spenser.] RA'SING-IRON, n. A kind of caulkingiron for clearing the pitch and oakum out of a vessel's seams, in order that they may be caulked afresh. RAS'KAILE,+ n. [Fr. racaille.] A pack of rascals. [Chaucer.] RAS'KALL-MANY,tn. [See RASCAL.] The rascal multitude; the low, mean part of the populace. [Spenser.]

RATIONAL

RAS'KALL-ROUT,† n. A mob of the lowest kind. [Spenser.] RASKOL'INKS, n. [Russ. raskolo, a division.] The name of the largest and most important body of dissenters from the Greek church in the Russian dominions.

RASO'RIAL, a. Pertaining to the rasores. [See RASORES.] RASP BERRY-BUSH, n. The bramble producing raspberries.

RAS TABER, n. [Ar.] A star of the third magnitude in the northern constellation Draco.

RAT, n. [add.] Among workmen, a man who works under price. RATABILITY, n. Quality of being ratable.

RATAN', n. [add.] A small cane or walking-stick made of ratan.-Toratan is to cane or thrash one with a ratan. RATE, v. t. [add.] To set a certain value on; to value at a certain price or degree of excellence; to take the rate of; as, to rate a chronometer, that is, to ascertain the exact rate of its gain or loss, as compared with true time, for the sake of making a due allowance or computation dependent thereon. RATE, n. [add.] Manner in which anything is done. [Spenser.] RA'TEL, n. A carnivorous quadruped. [See RATELLUS in this Supp.] RATEL'LUS, n. The ratel, a genus of carnivorous quadrupeds of the weasel family, natives of India and the Cape of Good Hope. The R. mellivorus of

Honey-ratel, Ratellus mellivorus.

the Cape is celebrated for the destruction it makes among the nests of the wild bee, to the honey of which it is very partial. RATE'-TITHE, n. Tithe paid for sheep or other cattle, which are kept in a parish for less time than a year; in which case the owner must pay tithe for them pro rata, according to the custom of the place.

RATHE,† adv. [See RATH.] Soon; early; speedily. [Chaucer.] RATH'ER,† a. compar. of adj. Rathe or Rath. Former; earlier; sooner. [Chaucer.]

RATH'ER-LAMBS,† n. The earlier lambs; lambs brought forth early in the year. [Spenser.]

RATH EST,† adv. superl. Soonest. [Chaucer.] RATIHABITION, n. In law, conRATIHABITIO, firmation; approbation; consent. RA'TIO, n. [add.] In law, an account; a cause, or the giving of judgment therein.- Extreme and mean ratio. [See Extreme and mean proportion under EXTREME.]--Composition of ratios, the uniting of two or more simple ratios into one, by taking the product of the antecedents and the product of the consequents. [See Compound ratig under COMPOUND.] RATIONAL, instead of RATIONAL, a. Pron. rash'-un-al.

RAVINE

RÔTIONAL, instead of RA'TION-
AL, n.
RĂTIONA ́LE, instead of RATION-
A'LE.

RĂTIONALISM, instead of RA'-
TIONALISM.

a. Relating to, or ac

RATIONALIST, instead of RA'TIONALIST. RATIONALIST, a. Relating to rationalism. RATIONALISTIC, RATIONALISTICAL, cordant with rationalism. RĂ TIONALISTICALLY, adv. In a rationalistic manner. RATIONAL'ITY, instead of RATIONAL'ITY.

RATIONALIZE, instead of RA'TIONALIZE.

RATIONALLY, instead of RA'TIONALLY.

RATIONALNESS, instead of RA'TIONALNESS.

RAT OUNS,†_n. plur. [Fr. raton; Scotch, rattan.] Rats. [Chaucer.] RATS -TAIL, n. A disease in horses, in which the hair of the tail is permanently lost.

RAT-TAILED LARVA, n. The grub of a common dipterous insect, the Eristalis tenax. So tenacious of life is it, that it is said the pressure of a papermaker's press will scarcely destroy it. The grub is common in privies; the fly is somewhat like a bee. RATTAN, RATTEN, RATTON, ROTTON,. RAT TING, ppr. [From rat.] Deserting one's former party and going over to the opposite.

n. A rat. [Scotch.]

RATTING, n. The act of deserting one's former party and going over to the opposite. RATTLE-BRAINED, a. Giddy; wild. RATTLE-SNAKE, n. [add.] Besides the Crotalus horridus, there is the C. durissus, or striped rattle-snake; the C. dryinus, or wood rattle-snake; and the C. miliarius, or ground rattle-snake. All these species inhabit America. RATTLING,† n. [From rath, a hill.] A ratline.

RAUGHT,† pp. of Reach. Reached; taken away. [Shak.]

RAUGHT,† pret. or pp. of Sax. raecan. (rawt.) [See REACH.] Reached.—On his way he raught, he sprang forth on his way. [Chaucer.]

RAUGHT,† pret. of Rekke or Reck. (rawt.) Cared; recked. [Chaucer.] RAUN SON,tn. [Fr. rançon.] Ransom. [Chaucer.]

RAVE, pret. of the verb To Rive. Did rive or tear; tore. [Scotch.] RAV'ELLED, pp. or a. Entangled; confused.-A ravelled hesp, a troublesome or intricate business. [Scotch.] RAVEN, a. Like a raven; black; as, raven locks.

RAVENERS, n. Birds of prey, as the owl, kite, hawk, and vulture. [See RAPTORES.]

RAVENERS,† Įn. plur. [See RAVEN.] RAVINOURS,†) Plunderers. [Chaucer.]

RAVEN'SARA, n. A kind of spicy nut, with a hot-tasted kernel, grown in India. 2. A name given to the bark of the clove-cinnamon tree, found in the Brazils and Madagascar. RAV'IN, v. t. To devour greedily; to glut with prey. [Shak.] RAVINE, n. [Fr.] Rapine; prey. [Chaucer.]

RE-ACTION

RAV'ISABLE,† a. [Fi.] Ravenous. [Chaucer.]

RAVISHING, ppr. or a. [add.] Rapid. [Chaucer.]

RAW-BONED, a. [add.] Having strong or coarse bones; as, young, lusty, rawboned fellows. [Addison.] RAW'-PORT, n. A port-hole in small vessels for working an oar in a calm. RAX'ING, ppr. Reaching; stretching. [Scotch.]

RAY, n. [add.] In ancient costume, the stripe on a garment. RAY,† n. [Sax. wregan, to cover, to cloak.] A rogue.

RÄ'YAH, Įn. Literally, a flock or herd. RÄ'IA, A name given by the Ottoman Porte to those of his subjects who are not Mussulmen. Arabic writers employ it to designate the population of a state, without distinction of religion.

RAY ED, a. [add.] Covered with mire; sullied. Streaked or striped. [Chaucer.]

RAYLE,† v. i. To rail; to utter reproaches. [Spenser.]

RAYLE,† v. i. To gush; to flow. [See
RAILE.] [Spenser.}
RAYL'INĠ‚† ppr. Running down.-
Rayling teares, tears trickling down.
[Spenser.]

RAYNE,† n. Empire; realm; region; reign. [Spenser.]

RAY'ONS,† n. plur. [Fr. rayon.] Beams or rays. [Spenser.]

RAZED, pp. or a. [add.] Slashed; as, razed shoes. [Shah.]

RAZEE', v. t. To cut down or reduce to a lower class, as a ship. RAZEED', pp. Cut down to an inferior class.

RAZEE'ING, ppr. Cutting down to an inferior class, as a ship-of-war. RA'ZOR-BACK, n. One RA'ZOR-BACKED WHALE, of the largest species of the whale tribe, the Balanoptera physalis, inhabiting the Northern seas. It is sometimes found above ninety feet long, and thirty-five feet in circumference. It is a species seldom struck by the whaler, as it furnishes but little blubber compared with the right whale, and is besides dangerous, from its extreme activity and quickness.

RA'ZOR-HANDLE, n. A species of solen is so called on the coast of the United States, from the long bivalve shell resembling the handle of a razor. RAʼZOR-STROP, n. A strop for sharpening razors; written also razor-strap. REACH, n. [add.] In naut. lan., a vessel is said to be on a reach, when she is sailing by the wind upon any tack. REACH'ABLE, a. That may be

RE-A€T', v. i. [add.] To act mutually or reciprocally upon each other, as two or more chemical agents. RE-AЄT'ING, ppr. [add.] Acting mutually or reciprocally. RE-ACTION, n. [add.] In chem., the mutual or reciprocal action of chemical agents upon each other.-In patho., the action of an organ which reflects upon another the irritation previously transmitted to itself; a vital phenomenon, arising from the applica

REALLICII

tion of an external influence; the influence producing it is called irritation, and the cause of the irritation is termed the stimulus or irritant.-Also, the increased impetus which succeeds asphyxia or torpor, &c. RE-ACTIONARY, a. Implying re-ac

tion.

READ, n. [add.] Inscription. [Spenser.] READ, v. t. [add.] To discover. [Shak.] READ, v. i. [add.]To appear in reading; as, the passage reads thus in the early manuscripts.

RE-ADDRESS', v. t. To address or direct again.

READ ER, n. [add.] At the university of Oxford, one who reads lectures on scientific subjects.

READ ́ERS, n. In the inns of court, formerly two individuals chosen annually by the benchers, from their own body, whose duty it was to read openly to the society in their public hall, at least twice in the year. On these occasions the reader selected some statute which he made the subject of formal examination and discussion. He first recited the doubts and questions which had arisen, or which might by possibility arise, upon the several clauses of the statute; and then briefly declared his own judgment upon them. The various questions thus stated were then debated by the utter barristers present, after which the judges and serjeants pronounced their opinions separately upon the points that had been raised. Such exercises were termed readings, and were often published. READ'ERSHIP, n. [add.] At the university of Oxford, the office of a reader or lecturer on scientific subjects. READ'ING, a. Addicted to reading; as, a reading community.-A reading man, in the English universities, is a hard student, or one who is entirely devoted to his collegiate studies. READ'ING-DESK, n. A desk at which reading is performed. READINGS, n. See READERS in this Supp.

REAL, a. Real action. [add.] An action brought for the specific recovery of lands, tenements, and hereditaments. There are only three extant, viz., dower, dower unde nihil habet, and quare impedit. Real estate, landed property, including all estates and interest in lands which are held for life or for some greater estate, and whether such lands be of freehold or copyhold tenure.-Real laws, laws which directly and indirectly regulate property, and the rights of property, without intermeddling with or changing the state of the person.-Real right, instead of the words "in Scots law," read in law.-Real things, things substantial and immovable, and the rights and profits annexed to or issuing out of them.-Real warrandice. [See WARRANDICE.] RE'AL,† a. [It. reale.] Royal. [Chaucer.]

REAL DEFINITION, n. In logic. [See DEFINITION.] REALIST I€, a. Pertaining to, or characteristic of the realists; relating to realism.

REALIZE, v. t. [add.] To make certain or substantial; to gain; as, to realize profit.

REALIZER, n. One who realizes. RE'ALLER, † a. comp. More royal. [Chaucer.]

RE'ALLICH,† adv. Royally. [Chaucer.]