MOMENTUM matter, when rubbed in pieces, and examined under a powerful microscope. MOLE-RAT, n. A genus of rodents (Spalax), which live in the earth, and burrow in it like a mole. To it belongs the Spalar typhlus, in which there is only the traces of eyes. MOLESTIE.† n. [Fr.] Trouble; molestation. [Chaucer.] MOLE-TREE, n. A plant, caper-spurge (Euphorbia lathyris). MOLIM'INOUS, a. [add.] Made with great efforts or endeavours; as, moliminous attempts. [Wollaston.] MOLIN'IA, n. A genus of grasses. M. cærulea, sometimes called Enodium cæruleum, or Melica cærulea, is a British species, growing on wet heaths in alpine situations. MOʻLINISM, n. The doctrines of the Molinists, somewhat resembling the tenets of the Armenians. [See MOLINIST.] MOLLIENTLY, adv. Assuagingly. MOLLITIES, n. [L. from mollis, soft.] Softness; softening; as, mollities cerebri, softening of the brain; mollities ossium, softening of the bones. MOL'LUSE, MOLLUSK, n. One of the mol MOLLUS CAN, lusca,-which see. MOLLUS ́CA, instead of MOL'LUS'CA. MOLLUS ́CAN, a. instead of MOL'MOLLUSCOUS, LUS ́CAN,MOL'LUS' COUS. MOLLUS CANS, instead of MOL'LUS'CANS. MOLLUSCUM, n. [L. mollis, soft.] A wen; a movable tumour, containing an atheromatous or encysted matter. MO'LOCH, n. A genus of lizards found in Australia, about King George's Sound. M. horridus, moloch-lizard, in its external appearance, is one of the Moloch-lizard, Moloch horridus. most ferocious of reptiles, the horns on the head and the numerous spines on the body giving it a most formidable appearance. Its name is given to it from part of a line in Milton, "Moloch, horrid king." MOLTE,† pret. and pp. of Melt. Melted. [Chaucer.] MOLYB'DATE, n. A compound of molybdic acid, with a base. MOLYB'DENITE, n. Sulphuret of molybden. MOLYB'DIC, a. Same as MOLYB'MOLYB'DOUS, DENOUS. MO'MENT, n. [add.] In mech., the moment of force with respect to a point, is the product formed by multiplying this force into the perpendicular let fall from the given point in the direction of the force. Hence the condition of equilibrium of the lever consists in this, that the moments of the power and resistance, taken relatively to the prop or point on which the lever turns, are equal.-Statical moment, when two or more forces, having equal momenta, act in opposite directions on a body, the body will remain at rest, and this condition is called the statical moment of the forces. MOMENTOUSLY, adv. Weightily; importantly. MOMENTUM, n. [add.] In mech., the quantity of motion in a body, or more MONKEY correctly, the quantity of velocity, for it is the velocity which inheres in the body, whereas the motion is only an effect of the velocity. The term is applied to the product formed by multiplying the mass of the body by its velocity. MON, [Gr. Moves.] A Greek prefix MON'O. signifying unity, single, sole, alone. MON ́AD, n. [add.] In physiol., an elementary particle of an organic body. According to the theory of Leibnitz, a monad is an active kind of principle, endued with perception and appetite, ascribed to each elementary particle of matter. "Monads having no parts, are neither extended, figured, nor divisible." Every monad is a living mirror representing the universe, according to its particular point of view, and subject to no regular laws, as the universe itself." "Every monad with a particular body, makes a living substance." MONADEL PHON, n. In bot., an andræcium, of which the filaments are combined into a single column. MONAD ́I¤, a. [add.] Monadic theory, the theory of Leibnitz, according to which all bodies are compounded by aggregation of monads, which are simple substances without parts. MONARCH ICALLY, adv. In a mon- MONCHE,† v. t. or i. [See MUNCH.] MONE CIAN,See MONŒCIAN, MO- MONEY,f v. t. To supply with money. MON'EY-BILL, n. In parliamentary lan., an act by which money is directed to be raised upon the subject, for any purpose, or in what shape soever. Such bills originate in the House of Com mons. MŎN'EY-LAND,n. In law, land articled or devised to be sold and turned into money, which in equity is reputed as money. Also, money articled or bequeathed to be invested in land, which in equity has many of the qualities of real estate. MON'GAL, n. In arch., an upright MULLION, bar of stone between the lights of a window; called moignels and moynicles, in Smith's Antiquities of Westminster. [See MULLION.] MON'IED, a. See MONEYED. MON'IER, n. See MONEYER. MON'IOURS,† n. plur. [Fr. monnoyeur.] Moneyers; coiners. [Chaucer.] MONITORY LETTERS, n. Communications of warning and admonition sent from an ecclesiastical judge, upon information of scandals and abuses within the cognizance of his court. MON'ITRIX, n. A female monitor; a monitress. MONK-BAT, n. A species of bat found in Jamaica, the males of which are often found in great numbers together. It is the Molossus fumarius. MONK'ERY, n. [add.] The state of monks; the practices of monks. MONKEY, n. [add.] The monkeys are distinguished from the apes by having cheek-pouches, long tails, and callosities MONOGAMIA on each side of the tail on the buttocks. The baboons are distinguished from the monkeys by the elongation of their muzzle and shortness of their tails; and Head of Rib-nosed Baboon and of Macacus Monkey. from the apes, by their cheek-pouches and callosities. The species of the monkey tribe are very numerous; many inhabit India and the Malay Archipelago, but Africa may be regarded as the headquarters of the tribe.-In ship-building, the name monkey is given to a machine composed of a long pig of iron traversing in a groove; it is raised by pulleys, and let fall on the head of large bolts, for driving them in, where the weight of mauls would be insufficient.-The monkey of a pile-driving machine is the double hook which takes up the ram. MONKEY-FLOWER, n. The common name of plants of the genus Mimulus. MONKEYISM, n. The quality of a monkey. MONK'-FISH, n. Another name for the angel-fish, a species of Squatina, MONK'-SEAL,n. A species of seal found in the Mediterranean, forming the type of the genus Pelagius (P. monachus). It attains considerable size, and seems to have been the seal best known to the ancients. MONK'S'-HEAD, n. A plant of the genus Leontodon. MON'O. See MoN in this Supp. MONOC'EROS, n. [add.] The Unicorn, a constellation of Helvelius, surrounded by Hydra, Canis Major, Orion, and Canis Minor. It contains thirty-eight stars. In zool., a genus of entomostomata. MONOCHLAMYD'EÆ, n. [Gr. μ, and xλ, a tunic.] A subclass of exogenous plants, in which the flowers have only one envelope or a single perianth, as in Asarum. MONOCHRO'ITE, n. An ore containing chromium, occurring with chromate of lead in the Ural. MONOCLINATE, a. [Gr. user, one, and x, to incline.] In mineral., a term applied to crystals in which one of the axes is obliquely inclined, as the oblique rhombic prism, and the right rhomboidal prism. MONOCOTYLEDONS, n. Those MONOCOTYLE DONES, plants which are now called endogens. MONOCULUS, n. [Gr. use, one, and L. occulus, an eye.] A genus of entomos tracous crustacea, which mostly frequent stagnant waters. aid MON'ODELPHS,) n. [Gr. pavas MONODELPHI' dir, a womb.] A subclass of mammals, having no external pouch or marsupium; antithetical to didelphs. MONODON'TA, n. [See MONODON.] A genus of molluscs inhabiting a pyrami dal shell, the lips disunited at the upper part, the left having a tooth-like process, from which the name is derived. MON'ODRAME, instead of MON'ODRAM. MONOGA'MIA, n. [See MONOGAM.] In bot., an order of the class Syngenesia, MONOTREMATA established by Linnæus for those plants that have a simple flower, without any involucre, though the anthers are united. The violet is an instance; but this order has been long ago suppressed, so that Syngenesia is retained for those only which have compound flowers. MONOGA MIAN, a. instead of MONOGAM'IAN. MONOG'AMOUS, a. Same as MONO GAMIAN. MONOGRAPHER, n. A writer of monographs. MONOGRAPHY, n. [add.] A monograph, or written account of some single subject or class of things. MONOGYNOUS, a. Same as MONO GYNIAN. MONOL'EPIS, n. A genus of crustaceans. The species are of small size, and found on the coasts of the United States. Naturalists are not certain whether they are fully developed or not. MON'OMĀNE, n. One afflicted with monomania; a monomaniac. MONOM ́ERA, n. [Gr. μovos, and μέρος, a part.] A section of homopterous insects, in which the tarsi have only one joint, as in the Coccida. MONOM ETER, n. [Gr. vos, and μergov, measure. A rhythmical series, consisting of a single metre. MONOMETRIC, a. In min., a term applied to crystals with the axes equal or of one kind, as the cube, octahedron, and dodecahedron. MONO MIAL, n. instead of MONOM'IAL. MONO'MIAL, a. In alge., consisting of only one term or letter. MONOMORPH ́OUS, a. [Gr. vos, and , form.] Of a single form; applied to certain neuropterous insects which, in their larva state, are similar in form❘ to the perfect insect, though wingless. MONOMYA'RIA, n. [Gr. povos, and μss, a muscle.] An order of conchiferous mollusca, consisting of those bivalves whose shell is closed by a single adductor muscle, as in the oyster and the pecten. MONOOU'SIOUS, (a. [Gr 16s, one, MONOŎU'SIAN, and c, nature, essence.] Having identically the same nature or essence. MONOPHYSITICAL, a. Relating to the Monophysites, or their doctrines. MONOPLEUROBRANCH'IANS, n. [Gr. μoves, Thuga, the side, and fgxzxx, gills.] De Blainville's name for an order of the class Paracephalophora, in which the branchiæ are more or less completely covered by a portion of the mantle, and situated on the right side of the body. MONOPOLIZED, pp. Obtained and enjoyed wholly or exclusively; engrossed. MONOPOLIZING, ppr. or a. Engrossing sole power or exclusive right; obtaining possession of the whole of anything. MONOP TERUS, n. [Gr. cves, one, and , a wing or fin.] A genus of malacopterygious fishes, characterized by their having the gill-openings united, but with a partition, and the dorsal and anal fins commencing on the middle of the tail, and uniting at its point. MONOSPHER ́ICAL, a. [Gr. μόνος, and sphere.] Consisting of, or having a single sphere. MONOSYLLABISM, n. A predomi. nance of monosyllables. MONOTREM'ATA, n. [See MONOTREMATOUS.] An order of ovoviviparous mammals, having only one common MOORPAN cloacal outlet for the excremental and generative products. They are intermediate between the truly viviparous mammals and the oviparous birds and reptiles. Two Australian genera, Ornithorhynchus and Echidna, belong to this order. MONS MENELA ́US, n. [L.] A modern northern constellation consisting of eleven stars. MONSOON', n. [add.] [Fr. mousson; said to be a corruption of the word mooseem, which, both in Arabic and Malay, signifies a year or season.] MON'STRE,† n. [Fr.] A monster; a prodigy; a pattern. [Chaucer.] MONSTRIF'EROUS, a. Producing monsters. MON TANIN, n. A name given to the bitter principle of the St. Lucia bark, which is obtained from the Exostemma floribundum, a native of the West Indian islands. MONTH'S MIND, n. [add.] A celebration in remembrance of a deceased person, practised in monkish times. The days on which such celebrations were held were called remembrance days, and the purport of them was to keep alive the mind or memory of a bountiful testator by masses and prayers. MONTICULATE, a. Having little projections or hills. MONTOIR, n. Pronounced mon-twör'. MONUMENTAL, a. [add.] Ready for the tomb. Young.] MON'Y, a. Many. [Scotch.] MOO, v. i. To make the noise of a cow; to low, imitated from the sound. Also written Mue. [A child's word.] MOO, n. The noise of a cow; act of lowing. MOOD, n. [add.] Caprice; as, fortune's mood. [Shah.] MOODS, n. plur. Manner; as, all moods of grief. [Shak.] MOOLS, n. Pulverized earth; the MOULS, earth of the grave; the dust of the dead; the grave. [Scotch.] MOON'-CULMINATING, a. In astr., an epithet for those stars which pass the meridian soon before or after the moon. MOON'SHINE, n. [add.] Figuratively, show without substance or reality; pretence. MOON'Y, a. [add.] Like the full moon; as, moony shields. [Pope.] MÓOR, n. An officer in the Isle of Man who summons the courts for the several sheadings. MOOR GREAVE, n. [See REEVE.] An overseer of moors or moorlands. MOOR HEN, n. The common English name for the gallinule or water-hen, the Fulica chloropus, Linn. MOOR-ILL, n. A disease to which MUIR'-ILL, black cattle are subject. [Scotch.] MOOR'ING, n. [add.] The act of securing a ship or boat alongside of any landing-place. MOOR PAN, n. A provincial term MOOR BAND, intended either to designate the hardened layer of earth produced by the treading of draught animals, put below the depth to which land is ordinarily cultivated; or (and perhaps more accurately), to signify the hard layer-frequently ferruginousfound at the depth of 10 or 12 inches in mossy districts, and the formation of which may, perhaps, be attributed to the land being always full of water to that mark, the influence of evaporation extending no deeper. MORGANATIC MARRIAGE MOOSE'-WOOD, n. A species of maple; striped maple. MOOT'ABLE, a. That may be mooted. MOOT'ING, n. [add.] The exercise of pleading a mock cause. MOOT-HILLS, n. Hills of meeting on which our British ancestors held their great courts. MOOT'-MAN, n. One of those who used to argue the reader's cases in the inns of court. MOPE'FUL, a. Drowsy; stupid; dull. MOP'SEY, n. [add.] A woolly variety of dog. MORAL'ITIES, n. plur. A sort of allegorical plays, in vogue during the latter part of the middle ages. [See MORALITY.] MORAL'ITY, n. [add.] Tendency to promote virtue or moral duties; as, the morality of plays. MOR'ALĪZE, v. i. [add.] To comment; to interpret. [Shak.] MORA VIANISM, n. The principles of the Moravians, or United Brethren. MORBIDITY, n. The state of being morbid. MOR ́BIDLY, adv. In a morbid manner; in a diseased manner. MOR'BUS, n. [L.] A disease. MOR CELS,† n. plur. Morsels. [Chaucer.] MORDA'CIOUS, a. [add.] Figuratively, sarcastic. MOR'DANT, a. [Fr.] Biting. MOR'DANT, a. Having the quality of seizing hold, or of fixing colours. MOR'DANT, v. t. To imbue or supply with a mordant. MORDAUNT', n. [Fr.] The tongue of a buckle. MORDEL LIDÆ, n. [From Mordella, one of the genera.] A family of heteromerous coleopterous insects, having the body elevated and arched, with the head inserted very low, the thorax trapezoid or semicircular, the elytra very short or narrow, or accuminated at the extremity as well as the abdomen. The Mordella lunata is known by the name of the lunated point-tail beetle. MORE, adv. [add.] Greatly. [Spenser.] More and less, great and small; greater and less. [Shak.] MO'RE MAJO'RUM. [L.] After the manner of our ancestors. MORES,† n. plur. [Sax. moran.] Roots, [Spenser.] MORGÄ ́NA-FÄ'TA. See FATA-MOR GANA, MORGANATICALLY, adv. Relating to a morganatic alliance; as, they were married morganatically. MORGANATIC MAR'RIAGE, n. [Ger. and Dan. morgen, the morning; A.-Sax. morgan-gife; D. morgen-gave or -gifte; Ger. morgen-gabe; Low L. morgen-geba; morganatica, a morning-gift; a kind of dowry paid on the morning before or after marriage. A marriage is called morganatic when the morgen-gift, or morning-gift, or dowry, was given and received in lieu of all other dowry, and also of rights of inheritance that might fall to the issue of such marriage."Richardson].-A kind of semi-matrimonial alliance between a monarch, or one of the highest nobility, and a lady of inferior rank. In Germany such unions are called also left-handed marriages, because, at the nuptial ceremony, the left hand is given. If the male be of sovereign rank the children of the female do not inherit the father's sovereignty, but they are considered legitimate in most other respects. MORNING-STAR MORGANIT'ICAL, a. Same as MOR GANATIC. MOR'GAY, instead of MORʼGRAY. [add.] The Scyllium canicula. MORGUE, n. (morg.) [Fr.] A place in many towns in France where the bodies of persons found dead are exposed, that they may be claimed by their friends. MOʻRIA, n. [Gr. us, foolish.] Foolishness; fatuity. MORIL'LON, instead of MOR'ILLON. MO'RINE, n. A yellow colouring matter obtained from Morus tinctoria. MORINGA, n. [add.] See MORINGACEE in this Supp. MORINGA CEÆ, n. A nat. order of plants separated from the Leguminosa. It consists of trees having pinnate leaves, with an odd one, flowers in panicles, and a long three-angled pod in the three rows of seeds. The root of the Moringa pterygosperma has a pungent odour and an aromatic taste. It is used as a stimulant in paralytic affections and intermittent fever. The leaves, flowers, and tender seed-vessels are used in curries. The nuts are the bennuts of old writers, from which the oil of ben was extracted. This plant is a native of India and Arabia. MORIS CO, n. [add.] The work called moresque. MOR'ISK, n. See MORESQUE, and Mo RISCO. MORʼMAL,† n. [Perhaps a corruption of Low Lat. malum-mortuum.] A cancer or gangrene. [Chaucer.] MOR MONITES, n. plur. [add.] Joseph Smith, the founder of the sect of Mormonites, or Mormons, or Latter-day Saints, published his pretended revelation in 1830, under the title of the Book of Mormon; and notwithstanding the manifest absurdity of the narrative contained in it, and the strange jumble of tenets connected with it, Smith gained numerous converts, with whom he settled in the state of Illinois, and built a town and a temple, under the name of Nauvoo, in 1840. He was murdered at Carthage in 1844, and his followers founded a new settlement, under the name of the New Jerusalem, on the shore of the Great Salt Lake, in the territory of Utah, though called by themselves Deseret, where, in 1852, their number was estimated at above 40,000. They have, however, numerous adherents in other parts of America, and emissaries in many countries of Europe. Their particular tenets are not well known; but they regard the Book of Mormon as a supplemental revelation to that contained in the Bible, ascribe a corporeal form to the Deity, and practise polygamy. MOR MYRUS, n. A genus of malacopterygious fishes, nearly alliedto the pike family. The M. oxyrhynchus, or sharpnosed mormyrus, is an inhabitant of the Nile, and is regarded as one of the best fishes in that river. MORN, n. The morn, tomorrow. [Scotch.] MORNE',† n. [Fr.] The head of a tilting lance, having its point rebated or turned back, to prevent injury to the knight's opponent. MORNING, Įn. A morning MORN'IN', dram or draught. [Scotch.] MORNING-LAND, n.The East, in opposition to Evening-land, a name sometimes given to the West. MORN'ING-STAR, n. In ancient ar mour, a weapon of offence used from MORTIFIE the Conquest till the time of Henry VII. It consisted of a wooden ball contain Morning-star. ing iron spikes, and was suspended by a chain from the end of a pole. MOROXYL'I€, in.. stead of MOROX'YLIC. MOR-PUNK’EE, n. A native pleasureboat of the Ganges, elegantly decorated and propelled by numerous paddles. MOR RHUA, n. The specific name of the codfish, Gadus morrhua. [See GADUS.] MORRIS, n. A curious fish allied to the eels, of the genus Leptocephalus, so called from Mr. William Morris, who first found it on the coast of Wales. MORSE,† n. [L. mordere, to bite.] The clasp or fastening of a cope, generally made of the precious metals, and sometimes containing representations of the sacred mysteries. MORSITA'TION,† n. Act of gnawing; morsure. MOR'SUS DIAB'OLI, n. [L. devil's bite.] In anat., a name for the fimbriated extremity of the fallopian tube. MORTAL, a. [add.] Vexing; tormenting; as, six mortal hours did I endure her loquacity. [Sir W. Scott.] MORTALL,† a. Mortal. Mortallcrime, mortality. [Spenser.] MORTAR, n. [add.] Mortar-cement, a mixture of slaked lime and silicious sand, used for building. [See MORTAR.] MORT-CLOTH, n. The pall carried over a coffin at a funeral. [Scotch.] MORT-DE-CHIEN, n. [Fr. Literally, dog's death.] A name of the spasmodic cholera of hot climates. It is said to be a corruption of mordezym, the Indian name of the disease. MOR'TER,† n. [add.] A sort of waxlight. [Chaucer.] MORTGAGE, n. (morʼgaje.) [add.] By a recent statute (1 Vict., c. 28), any person entitled to, or claiming under any mortgage of land, may make an entry, or bring an action at law, or suit in equity, to recover such land, at any time within twenty years next, after the last payment of any part of the principal money, or interest secured by such mortgage, although more than twenty years may have elapsed since the time at which the right to make such entry, or bring such action or suit in equity, shall have first accrued. The English law of mortgage has been chiefly formed from the decisious of courts of equity, and it now forms a very important, and often complicated part of the law of property and contracts. Every species of property, real or personal, corporeal or incorporeal, tangible or non-tangible, movable or immovable, in possession, expectancy, or in action, may be the subject of mortgage. MORTGAGE-DEED, n. (morʼgaje. deed.) A deed given by way of mortgage. MORTGAGEOR', { n.(morgajor'.)One MORTGAGOR', who gives a mortgage. [See MORTGAGER.] MORT GAGING, ppr. (mor gajing.) Conveying in fee as security for the payment of money; pledging. MORTIFIE,† v. t. [See MORTIFY.] TO kill; to destroy the essential qualities of; as, to mortifie mercury. [Chaucer.] MOTE MORTIFIED, pp. or a. [add.] Morlified man, a hermit; one indifferent to the concerns of the world. [Shah.] MORTIFYINGLY, adv. In a humiliating manner; subduedly. MORT'MAIN, n. [add.] Conveyances and devises to corporations, civil or eeclesiastical, were forbidden by Magna Charta, and a great number of statutes were afterwards passed in order to restrict alienations to religious persons and houses; but all the while the king had the power of dispensing with the statutes of mortmain, by granting licenses of alienation, and this power was confirmed to the crown by 7 and 8 Wm. III., c. 37. Alienations to charitable uses are exempted from the statutes of mortmain. The universities of Oxford and Cambridge, and the colleges within them, the colleges of Eton, Winchester, and Westminster, and the British Museum, are exempted. Bequests to the Established church, subject to certain restrictions, are also exempted. MOR ́TREWES,† n. [See MORTRESS.] A rich broth or soup, in the preparation of which the flesh was stamped or beat in a mortar. [Chaucer.] MORTS, n. The skins of sheep or lambs that die of themselves. [Scotch.] MORTUARY, n. [add.] Mortuaries, where they are due by custom, are recoverable in the ecclesiastical courts. MOR WE,† n. [Sax.] The morning.A'morwe, in the morning of the following day.-To-morwe, the day following. [Chaucer.] MOR'WENING,† n. plur. Morweninges. [Sax.] The morning. [Chaucer.] MOSAIC, a. Relating to Moses, MOSA'ICAL, the Hebrew lawgiver, or his writings and institutions. MOSA'ICALLY, adv. In the manner of mosaic work. MOS'CHUS, n. The musk-deer, a genus of ruminating animals, allied to the antelopes. They are found in Western Africa, in India, and the Indian Islands. The M. moschiferus (to which the name is now usually restricted) yields the well-known perfume called musk. There are several other species. [See MUSK.] MOS'EL,† n. [Fr.] The muzzle; the mouth of a beast. [Chaucer.] MOSELLE, n. A species of white French wine, so named from Moselle, a frontier-department of France. MOSS'-HAGS, n. Pits or sloughs in a moss, mire, or bog. [Scotch.] MOSS'-ROSE, n. A beautiful kind of rose, so named from its moss-like pubescence. MOST, a. [add.] Greatest; chief-I do possess the world's most regiment, I do possess the chief government of the world. [Spenser.] MOSTE,+ a. and adv. for MOST. [Chaucer.] MOSTE,† v.i. for MUST. [Chaucer.} MOST EN,† pret. of Moste. [Chaucer.] MOT, n. [Fr.] Literally, a word; hence, a motto.-2. A note or brief strain on a bugle. MOTACIL'LA, n. The wag-tail, a genus or subgenus of passerine birds. [See WAG-TAIL.] The Motacilla of Linn. comprehends the nightingales, wheatears, blue-birds, wrens, and meadowlarks, and, in fact, nearly all the insessorial birds. MOTE,† v. i. plur. Moten. [Sax.] May; must. [Chaucer.] MOTE,† n. [Fr. mote.] The note winded by a huntsman on his horn. [Chaucer.] MOTLEY-MINDED MOTE-BELL, n. The bell which was used by the Saxons to summon people to the court. MO'TEE, n. In the E. Indies, a native MA'TEE, servant who sweeps rooms. MOTET', instead of MO'TET. MOTH'-BLIGHT, n. Species of Aleyrodes, a genus of homopterous insects destructive to plants. MOTH'ER, n. [add.] Every mother's son, every man. MOTH'ER CAREY'S CHICKENS, n. A name given by sailors to the stormpetrels (Thallassidroma). [See PETREL.] MOTH'ER-CHURCH, n. The parishchurch; the church to which one belongs; the church of Rome, by way of eminence so designated by its adherents. MOTH'ERLINESS, n. Quality of being motherly. MOTH'ER-SPOTS, n. Congenital spots and discolorations of the skin. [See NEVUS.] MOTHER TONGUE, n. A language to which other languages owe their origin; one's native language. MOTHES,† n. plur. Moths. [Chaucer.] MOTH'-GNATS,n. The species of small dipterous insects of the genus Bychoda, which have curiously-ciliated wings. MOTH-HUNTER,n.A name sometimes applied to the goat-suckers (Caprimulgida), from moths being their favourite food. MOTIF, n. [Fr.] Motive; incitement. [Chaucer.] MO'TION, n. [add.] In parliament, or public assemblies, the proposing of any matter for the consideration of the house or meeting.-Centre of motion. [ [See CENTRE.-Reflected motion, motion produced when a body is turned out of a straight line by some force independent of gravity, or when an elastic body is made to rebound by being thrown against a hard smooth surface. [See REFLECTION.]-Excited motion, in physiol., the motion of the reflex function, as in the closure of the larynx on the contact of acrid vapours, the closure of the pharynx on that of the food, &c.Ciliary motion, the peculiar vibrating motion of the cilia of animals.-Motion of irritability, the motion produced in the heart, the intestinal canal, &c., by the action of the muscular fibre. [See IRRITABILITY.]-Motions of plants, various movements which are observed to take place in plants, arising from the action of external stimuli, as light, heat, electricity, &c., or from irritability. Thus, the fluids of plants have a constant motion; the branches and leaves of all plants direct themselves to the light; certain plants, at the approach of night, or in gloomy weather, close their leaves and flowers; the leaflets of some leguminous plants, when exposed to the action of an ardent sun, are often erected into a vertical position on each side of the leaf-stalk, which they sometimes pass, so as to close together; and there are some plants, such as the sensitive plant, that shrink, as it were, on being touched.-Motion of the bowels, in med., an alvine discharge. MOTION, v. i. [add.] To make a significant movement or gesture, as with the hand or head; as, to motion to one to take a seat.-Also used in an active sense; as, to motion one to a seat, or to take a seat. MOTLEY, n. A fool. [Shah.] MOT'LEY-MINDED, a. Having diversified views and feelings. [Shak.] MOULD MOT'MOT, n. Prionites, a genus of passerine birds, belonging to the family Tenuirostres of Cuvier. They inhabit South America; they are beautiful birds, about the size of a jay, with a long tail, the two middle feathers of which are destitute of vanes for a short distance near the extremity. The beak is serrated on the margin; hence the name prionites (rgia, a saw). They are found generally in pairs in the deep woods, and are easily recognized by their note, mot-mot, slowly repeated. MO'TON,† n. A small plate covering the armpits. MO'TOR, n. plur. Moto'res. [L.] [add.] In anat., a part whose function is motion, applied to muscles. Motores oculorum, the movers of the eyes, or the third pair of nerves. MOTOR, a. Giving motion; imparting motion; as, motor nerves. MOTT,† pret. from Mete. Did mete; did measure. [Spenser.] MOTTLE, n. [See MOTTLED.] A term applied to mahogany, and other woods employed in cabinet-work, to designate the variegations in colour which the polished surface of the wood exhibits. In mahogany several kinds of mottle are distinguished; as, stop-mottle, fiddlemottle, rain-mottle, plum-mottle, peacock-mottle. MOU', n. Mouth. [Scotch.] MOU'DIWARP, n. The mould-warp, MOU'DIWART, or mole. [Scotch.] MOUFF'LON, n. The Ovis musmon, an animal of the sheep kind, inhabiting the mountainous parts of Corsica, Sardinia, Greece, &c. It is about the size of a small fallow-deer, and, although covered with hair, bears a stronger resemblance Moufflon, Oris musmon. to the ram than to any other animal, both in regard to its horns and its general conformation. It is by nature extremely wild. MOULD, n. [add.] In anat., the anterior fontanel or interstice between the parietal bones and the frontal of a child's head. Mason's mould or caliber, a piece of hardwood or iron, hollowed on the edge, answering to the contours of the mouldings or cornices to be formed.-Glazier's moulds are of two sorts, one of which is used for casting the lead into long rods, fit for drawing through the vice in which the grooves are formed. The other is for moulding the small pieces of lead which are fastened to the iron bars of casements.Plumbers' moulds, the tables on which they cast their sheets of lead.-In paper-making, a little frame, the size of the sheet of paper to be made, composed of several wires fastened together by wire still finer, and having a little ledg MOUNTAIN-COCK ing of wood, into which the wires are fastened; used to cast the sheets of paper.-Shakspeare uses the word mould to designate the body as giving shape to the garments. MOULD'-BOARD, n. The curved board or metal-plate in a piough, which serves to turn over the furrow. MOULD'ERED, pp. or a. Turned to dust; wasted away. MOULD'ERY, a. Partaking of, or like mould. MOULE,† v. i. To mould, or grow mouldy. [Chaucer.] MOUL'ED,† pp. Moulded; grown mouldy. [Chaucer.] MOU'LINE, n. [Fr.] The roller of MOULINET, a capstan, crane, &c. Moulinet. -A machine used by crossbowmen to wind up their bows. MOULS, n. ክ. See MOOLS in this Supp. MOULT, The shedding or changing of feathers in birds.-2.† A mow of corn or hay. MOUN,† for MOWEN, pres. tense plur. of Mowe.[Chaucer.] MOUND, n. [add.] Something raised; an artificial elevation of earth. MOUNT, v. t. [add.] To prepare for use; to set off to advantage; to embellish. Thus, to mount a sword is to furnish it with a hilt, scabbard, &c.; to mount a map is to prepare it for use by attaching it to canvas, &c.; to mount a diamond is to set it in frame-work. This verb and its derivatives are also employed loosely in the arts to denote adaptation to an end. Thus, a loom is said to be mounted for weaving a particular kind of fabric; and the appliances by which the loom is so adapted are collectively called the mounting. There are, accordingly, harness-mountings, twill-mountings, jacquard-mountings, &c. The trimmings, linings, &c., of an article of wearing apparel, as a coat, are also sometimes called the mountings, but more commonly furnishings. We also speak of the mountings of a coffin, of a window, a door, &c., by which we mean all those non-essential articles applied for use or ornament. MOUNT'AIN, n. [add.] A mountain of a conical form, with the summit narrow, is called a cone; when of the same form, but more massy, with the summit depressed and rounded, it is called a dome. The lowest elevations of this kind are called hillocks, or mounds. MOUNT'AIN, n. A species of wine. MOUNTAIN-ASH, instead of MOUNTAIN-ASH. MOUNT'AIN-AVENS, MOUNTAIN-AVENS. MOUNTAIN-BAROMETER, n. A barometer adapted to measuring the heights of mountains. The name is commonly applied to the sympiesometer, employed for this purpose on account of its portability. MOUNT'AIN-CAT, n. The wild-cat, Felis catus ferus. MOUNTAIN-COCK, n. The Tetrao urogallus, or capercailzie. instead of MOWING MOUNT'AIN-DEW, n.. A cant name for Scotch Highland whisky. MOUNTAIN-EBONY, n. The wood of an East Indian tree, of the genus Bauhinia. MOUNTAIN-FLAX, n. A species of asbestos; amianthus. MOUNTAIN-HEATH, n. A name sometimes given to saxifrage. MOUNTAIN-LAUREL, n. A plant of the genus Kalmia. MOUNTAIN-MAHOGANY, n. Black birch (Betula nigra). MOUNT AIN-ROSE, n. [add.] Rosa alpina. MOUNTAIN SPIDER-WORT, n. A plant, the Anthericum scrotinum. MOUNT AIN-TALLOW, n. A mineral substance, having the colour and feel of tallow. It occurs in a bog on the borders of Loch Fyne, in Scotland, and in one of the Swedish lakes. It melts at 118°, boils at 290°, and is soluble in alcohol. It differs from every known class of minerals. MOUNT'ANCE,† n. [Fr.] Amount in value or in quantity. [Chaucer.] MOUNT LET, n. A small mountain; a hill. MOUR'DANT,†) See MORDAUNT in MOR'DANT. this Supp. MOURNING-RING, n. A ring worn as a memorial of a deceased friend. MOUSE, n. [add.] The common mouse is the Mus musculus, of which there are several varieties; the harvest-mouse is the Mus messorius; the field-mouse, the Mus sylvaticus; the rustic-mouse, or fieldvole, the Arvicola agrestis; the Barbary-mouse, the Mus barbarus. MOUSE, v. i. (mouz.) [add.] To watch for or pursue in a sly or insidious manner. MOUSE'-BIRDS, n. The Cape coby is so called in South Africa. They are mischievous birds in gardens there, as they attack the sprouting plants. MOUSE-COLOUR, n. A colour resembling that of a mouse. MOUSE-COLOURED, a. Having the colour of a mouse. MOUSE'-HAWK, n. A hawk that devours mice. MOUSTED HEAD, n. A head of MUST'ED HEAD, hair, powdered with a kind of flour called must. [Scotch.] MOUTH, v. i. [add.] To join mouths; to kiss. [Shak.] MÖV'ABLE, n. Any piece of furniture or part of a man's goods, capable of being moved. [See MOVABLES.] MÖVE, v. i. [add.] To propose something to an organized meeting, for consideration and determination. MOVEABLE. See MoVABLE. MÖV'ING-POWERS, n. In mech, the means employed to give motion to machinery; as the strength of men and animals, the pressure of the atmosphere, the expansive force of steam, the action of wind and water. [See PoWER, and FORCE.] MOW'-BURNED, pp. or a. Overheated and fermented in the mow. MOWE,† n. [Fr.] A distortion of the mouth. [Chaucer.] MOW'EN,† v. i. plur. of Mowe. To be able. [Chaucer.] MOWES, n. plur. [Fr. moue, a mouth.] Mouths. Distortions of the mouth or countenance, made in derision or contempt. [Spenser.]-To make mowes, to twist the mouth about. [Shak.] MOWING,† n. [From mowe.] Ability. [Chaucer.] MUILS, n. Moulds; cloth or list MOOLS, shoes for gout; chilblains. [Scotch.] MUIR, n. A moor. [Scotch.] MUIR'-ILL, n. A disease to which black cattle are subject. [Scotch.] MUIR-POUTS, n. Young grouse. [Scotch.] MOYLE, v. t. [See MOIL.] To soil; to MULATTRESS, n. A female mulatto. dirty; to defile. [Spenser.] MR. An abbreviation of master or mister. What! with two points in your shoulder? Much! Shak Very much glad, very much delighted; glad in a very high degree. [Shak.] MUCH'ELL,† a., adv., or n. [See MUCH EL, MUCH, MICKLE.] Much. [Chaucer.] MUCILAG ́INOUS, a. [add.] Mucilaginous matter, in chem., the white flocculent deposit formed in the distilled waters of plants.- Mucilaginous extracts, extracts which readily dissolve in water, scarcely at all in alcohol, and undergo spirituous fermentation. MUCK LE, a. See MEIKLE in this Supp. MUCK'-RAKE, n. A rake for raking dirt or muck. MUCK RE, v. t. [Sax. mucg.] To MUCK'ER,† heap up; to accumulate; to hoard. [Chaucer.] MU'COCELE, n. [L. mucus, and Gr. zzλŋ, a tumour.] An enlargement of the lacrymal sac, containing tears mixed with mucus. MUCŎSITY, n. Mucousness; sliminess. MUCU'NA, n. A genus of plants, nat. order Leguminosa. M. pruriens is the cowhage or cowage plant. [See CowHAGE.] MUD, a. Consisting of mud; slimy; relating to mud. MUD DINESS, n. [add.] Figuratively, MUD DYING, ppr. [add.] Rendering [Shak.] MUD'-HEN, n. In America, the common name of the Virginia rail, Rallus virginianus. MUD'-TURTLE, n. In America, the common name of the Sternotherus odoratus; also called marsh-tortoise. MÜE,† v. i. [Fr. muer. See Mew.] To change. [Chaucer.] MÜET,† a. [Fr.] Mute; dumb. [Chau. cer.] MUFF, n. [add.] Also, the local name of a bird, the white-throat (Sylvia cinerea). MUFFETTEE', n. A small muff worn over the wrist; a wristband of fur or worsted, worn by ladies. MUFFLE, n. [add.] In zool., the tumid and naked portion of the upper lip and nose of animals of the bovine and deer kind. MUFFLED, pp. or a. [add.] Muffled oars, oars having mats or canvas put round their looms, and in the rowlocks. -Muffled drum, a drum having cloth or some soft substance wound round the strings, to prevent a sharp sound, or to render the sound grave and solemn. MUGS, n. The Teeswater breed of MUGGS, sheep. [Scotch.] MUHME, n. [Gael.] A nurse. MULCH, v. t. [See the Noun.] To cover with litter or half-rotten straw, or with manure. MULETARY, a. Consisting of fines or forfeitures; mulctuary. MULE, n. [add.] In cotton-factories, this machine is so named from the circumstance that it is a compound of the jenny and throstle, or water-frame. It seems to have been invented by Samuel Cromp ton as early as 1775, and was introduced into factories in 1790, about the sametime that the steam-engine began to be applied to turn machinery. MÜLE-DRIVER, n. A driver of mules; a muleteer. MULĠE’DIUM, n. A genus of plants, nat. order Compositæ. M. alpinum, a British species, is a remarkably handsome plant, with blue flowers in small numerous heads. It is the Sonchus cæruleus of Smith in the English botany. MULIER, n. [L.] [add.] A woman; a wife. MULIERTY, n. In law, lawful issue. MŪ ́LISHLY, adv. Stubbornly; like a mule. MÜ'LISHNESS, n. Obstinacy or stubbornness, as of a mule. MULL, n. A thin, soft kind of muslin; called also mull-mull. MUL LA, n. A priest or one of sacerdotal order in Tartary. MULLAGATAW'NY, n. The name of an East Indian curry-soup. MULLOCK,+ n. [add.] Dirt; dung. In Scotch, mullock, or mulock, signifies a crumb. MUL'SUM, n. [L.] Hydromel. MULTAN GULARNESS, n. The state of being polygonal. MULTE'ITY, n. The state of being many; multiplicity. MULTICUSPIDA TES, n. [L. multus, and cuspis, a spear.] The name of the three last molar teeth, so called from their having several tubercles. MULTIF LOROUS, or MULTIFLO’ROUS. MULTIFOIL, n. [L. multus, and folium, a leaf.] In arch., a leaf-ornament of more than five divisions. MULTINO DATE, (a. Having many MULTINO'DOUS, knots; many knotted. MULTIPLI'ABLENESS, instead of MULTIPLIABLENESS. MULTIPLICAND, or MULTIPLICAND'. of MULTIPLICA'TION, instead MULTIPLICATION, n. [add.] The art of making gold and silver. [Chaucer.] MULTIPLICITY, n. [add.] A great number; a multitude; as, a multiplicity of schemes. MULTIPLIE,† v. i. To make gold and silver. [Chaucer.) MULTIPLIER, n. [add.] An instrument for indicating the deflecting influence of an electric current. It consists of a wire bent in the form of a helix, round a magnetic needle, the wire returning upon itself, so as to form a closed circuit. It is applied in cases in which the electric current is so weak, 1 |