ANABAS AM PYX, n. [Gr.] A broad band, or plate of metal, often enriched with precious stones, worn on the forehead by Greek and Roman ladies of rank. Elephants and horses were sometimes decorated with a similar ornament. AM'SEL, n. A name sometimes given to the blackbird. [See AMZEL.] A'MULE. See AMYLE. AMURCOSITY,† n. [L. amurca, lees of oil.] The quality of lees, or scum. AMUR COUS,† a. Full of dregs or lees; foul. AMUS'ABLE, a. Capable of being amused. α AMY'ELOUS, a. [Gr. a priv., and uses, medulla.] In med., a term applied to the fetus, in cases in which there is complete absence of the spinal marrow. In cases in which the encephalon also is absent, the fetus is termed amyencephalous. AMYG'DALÆ, n. A name given to the exterior glands of the neck, and to the tonsils. AMYGDAL'EE, n. The almond tribe of plants, a sub-order of the Rosacea. The species are trees or shrubs, with alternate leaves, with free stipules; polypetalous corolla; perigynous stamens; Ovary superior, solitary, one-celled; style terminal; fruit drupaceous, oneseeded. The peach, nectarine, plum, cherry, almond, apricot, prune, damson, and bullace are produced by different species of the order. The species are all, more or less, poisonous, from their leaves and kernels yielding an abundance of prussic or hydrocyanic acid. AMYG'DALINE, n. [add.] This product contains nitrogen, and is one of the bases of hydrocyanic acid, though it does not possess the poisonous properties of that powerful agent. AMYGDALOID'AL, instead of AMYGDALOIDAL. AMYGDALUS, n. [add.] This genus comprehends the almond, peach, and nectarine, besides a few bushes. the common almond there are two principal varieties, the sweet and the bitter. A'MYLE, n. [Gr. uhov, starch, and λn, matter, or principle.] The hypothetical radical of a series of compounds derived from oil of potato-spirit, which is itself, when pure, the hydrated oxide of amyle, analogous to alcohol. Both the radical and its hydrated oxide are unknown in a separate state; but a sufficient number of compounds has been obtained to render its existence highly probable. Of AMYL'IC ACID, n. A volatile acid obtained by digesting moistened starch with peroxide of manganese. AM'YLIN, or AM'YLINE. AM'YLUM, n. [L. from Gr. Starch. AMYRIDA'CEE. See AMYRIDEE. AM'YRIS, n. [From Gr. μugga, myrrh.] A genus of plants, and perhaps the only legitimate one, of the nat. order Amyridaceæ. The species which are found in tropical climates are fragrant resinous shrubs. A. Plumierii is said to yield part of the gum-elemi of commerce. A. toxifera is said to be poisonous; while the wood of A. balsami fera furnishes a sort of lignum-rhodium. AN, n. See ANNATS. ANABAPTIZE,† v. t. To rebaptize. AN'ABAS, n. The name given by Cuvier Anableps, tetraophthalmus. which have two pupils, and appear as if double; but there is only one crystalline humour, one vitreous humour, and one retina. The A. tetraophthalmus inhabits the rivers of Guiana. It has a cylindrical body, a flat head, and a blunt snout, while the upper jaw projects beyond the lower. ANACARDIA CEÆ, n. The cashewnut tribe of plants, and the same as Terebinthacea; a nat, order of polypetalous dicotyledons, with perigynous stamens, a simple superior ovary and fruit, with a single ovule rising by means of a cord from the base of the cell, and alternate leaves without stipules. The species are chiefly natives of tropical America, Africa, and India; they consist of woody plants, abounding in an acrid resin, and their juice is often used as a varnish; but it is often dangerous to use, on account of the extreme acridity of the fumes. To the order be long the rhus or sumach, the pistacias, the mango (Mangifera Indica), the cashew (Anacardium occidentale), the marking nut (Semecarpus anacardium), the varnish - tree of Martaban (Melanorrhea usitatissima), and the Japan-lacquer (Stagmaria verniciflua). ANACATHAR'SIS, n. [Gr. ava, and nabag, to cleanse.] In med., cough, attended by expectoration. ANACEPHALE OSIS, n. [Gr. avazipadaiwσrs.] In rhet., a summing up; recapitulation. ANACHRON'I€, a. Containing anachronism. ANACRISIS, n. [Gr. inquiry.] Among civilians, in former times, an investigation of truth, interrogation of witnesses, and inquiry made into any fact, especially by torture. ANÆMOT ROPHY, n. [Gr. a priv., and, blood, and ren, nourishment.] In med., a deficiency of sanguineous nourishment. ANESTHETIC, a. Of or belonging to anæsthesia; having the power of depriving of feeling or sensation. Chlo roform and sulphuric ether are power ANATOMY ANAGLYPH'I€, a. instead of ANAGLYPHI'€. ANAGLYPH'I€, n. In anc. sculp., a term applied to chased or embossed work on metal, or to anything worked in relief. ANAGLYPTOGRAPHIC ENGRAVING, n. That process of machine ruling on an etching ground, which gives to a subject the appearance of being raised from the surface of the paper, as if it were embossed, and is frequently employed in the representaANAGLYPTOGRAPHY, n. [Gr. ava, tion of coins, medals, bass-reliefs, &c. yus, and yes, to write.] The art of copying works in relief. ANAGNOR'ISIS, n. [Gr.] In rhet., recognition; the unravelling of a plot in dramatic action. AN'AGRAM, v. t. To transpose; as the letters of a name. [Rar. us.] ANAGRAMMATIC, a. [add.] Founded, or pr ceeding on the transposition of letters. ANALECTA, n. plur. [L.] Fragments; refuse; collections of extracts or small pieces from different authors; analects. ANALE€'TI€, a. Collected together; relating to collections, or selections. ANALEP'SIA, n. See ANALEPSIS. ANAL'OGON, n. Something analogous. [Rar. us.] ANALYZATION, n. Act of analyzing. ANAMORPHOSIS, or ANAMORPHO'SIS. ANANAS SA, n. The pine-apple, a genus of plants, nat. order Bromeliacea. [See ANANAS and PINE-APPLE.] ANAN'GULAR, a. Without angles. ANAPEST'ICAL, a. Same as ANA PESTIC. ANAPEST'ICALLY, adv. In an anapestic manner. ANAR THROUS, a. [Gr. av priv., and agov, a joint, or article.] Ingram., without the article.-In entomol., having neither wings nor legs, as some inANASTATIC PRINTING, n. [Gr. sects. anor, to raise up.] A mode of obtaining fac-simile impressions of any printed page or engraving without resetting the types or re-engraving the plate. The printed page or engraving being saturated with dilute nitric acid, which does not affect the portion covered with printing-ink, a transfer is taken on a plate of zinc, which is soon eaten or corroded away by the acid from the non-printed parts of the page, leaving the printed portion in slight relief. A further application of acid deepens the corroding and heightens the relief to the extent necessary to enable the subject to be printed in the ordinary manner. ANAS TOMIZE, v. i. In bot., to grow together, as two parts which meet from different directions. ANATHEMATISM,† n. Act of ana- ANATH'EMATIZER, n. One who ANATIDÆ, n. The duck kind, a fa- ful anæsthetic agents. ANESTHETIC, n. A substance which mily of web-footed birds, of which the has the power of depriving of feeling genus Anas (Linn.) is the type. It comor sensation; as chloroform, when its ANATOMIZATION, n. The act of prehends ducks, geese, and swans. vapour is inhaled. ANAGALLIS, n. [Gr. ava, again, and aya, to adorn.] Pimpernel, or poor man's weather-glass, a genus of plants. [See PIMPERNEL.] 18 anatomizing. ANATOMY, n. [add.] Anatomy is both an art and a science. It is an art, because the pursuit of it requires dexterity and skilful manipulation; and it is a ANCHOVY science, inasmuch as certain general ANAT ROPOUS, instead of ANA'- ANCESTRAL, a. More usually AN'- AN CESTRESS, n. A female ancestor. ANCHOR, n. [add.] The anchors car- recluse. ANCHOR-LINING, n. Same as BILLBOARDS, which see. ANCHOR-STOCK, n. The cross-piece of wood, or iron, at the head of the shank of an anchor, to make the flukes take hold of the ground. ANCHO'VY, n. [add.] The Engraulis of Cuvier, a genus of abdominal malacopterygious fishes, separated by that Anchovy, Engraulis encrasicholus. naturalist from the Clupea or herrings of Linnæus. The species are all of diminutive size, and, with exception of the ANDROMEDA ANEROID BAROMETER Androsphinx. a man, and e, a sphinx.] In Egyptian art, lions with human heads. AN'DROUS, a. In bot., denoting the ANEAL',† v. t. See ANELE. male sex. ANECDOT'I€, a. Same as ANECDOTI CAL. ANECDOT'ICAL, a. [add.] Employed Fig. 2. common anchovy, E. encrasicholus and AN'DROSPHINXES, n. [Gr. avg avdos, E. meletta (both Mediterranean species), all inhabitants of the tropical seas of India and America. No condiment is more generally known and esteemed ANCHU'SA, n. [add.] The species of than anchovy-sauce. this genus of plants are chiefly inhabi tants of the temperate parts of the earth, either on the mountains of tropi cal climates or the temperate zones. They are rough plants, and known by the common name of bugloss. A. oficinalis, common alkanet or bugloss, is an inhabitant of Britain. The roots, when boiled, yield a demulcent drink, once in repute as a medicine. A. sempervirens, evergreen bugloss, is also ANCHU'SINE, n. The name given to found in Britain. a red colouring matter obtained from Anchusa tinctoria. It is resinous, and AN'CIENT,† n. A flag or streamer of a emits violet vapours when heated. ship; also, the bearer of a flag, now AN'CIENTS, n. plur. Gentlemen of the called an ensign. Inns of Court and Chancery. In Gray's Inn, the society consists of benchers, ancients, barristers, and students under the bar; and here the ancients are of the oldest barristers. In the Middle Temple, those who have passed their readings are termed ancients. The Inns of Chancery consist of ancients, and ANCI'LE, n. [L.] The shield of Mars; students or clerks. the sacred shield of the Romans. ANCILLA RIA,) univalve, ANCIL'LA, n. A genus of spiral, marine shells, allied to the olives. The species are chiefly confined to tropical climates. One is known by the name of ivoryANCILLARY, a. instead of n. shell. ANCILLE, n. [L. ancilla.] A maidANCIPITOUS, a. Same as ANCIPITAL. servant. [Chaucer.] AN CONOÏD, a. [Gr. «yz, the elbow, and be, likeness.] Elbow-like; apAND, conj. [add.] And is sometimes plied to a process of the cubit. used to express indignation; as, perfidious man! and will you thus dishonour your past exploits. Sometimes, after premises, it introduces a conclusion in the form of an interrogation; but its particular force must be gathered from the words with which it is connected. It is sometimes repeated to signify both; as, and from behind, and from before. AND IRON, n. [add.] An iron utensil ANDREA CEÆ, n. A nat. order of Fig. 1. Fig. 1, Anelace of the time of Edward IV. Fig. 2, monly worn at the girdle by civilians AN EROID, n. Same as ANDROID,— which see. ANE'ROID BAROMETER, n. An instrument for indicating the pressure of the atmosphere, the invention of M. Vidi, of Paris, for whom a patent was obtained in England by M. Fontainemoreau in 1844. It answers the purpose of the ordinary mercurial barometer, but less perfectly. It is, however, portable. It consists of an air-tight box, one side of which is a thin metallic plate, which yields to external pressure, and acts upon a spiral spring inside, in communication with a system of levers, terminating in an external index, by which the amount of pressure is exhibited on a circular scale. It contains no fluid; hence the name from a without, pas, moisture, and ador, like or form. It is likely to be completely ANGINA PECTORIS superseded by M. Bourdon's metallic barometer, which is more perfect. ANES, adv. Once. [Scotch.] ANES-ER RAND, adv. Of set purpose; sole errand. [Scotch.] AN ESIS, n. [Gr. avis, from amu, to remit.] A remission or relaxation of a disease, or of its symptoms. ANE THUM, n. [Gr. ae, and aw, to burn.] A genus of plants, of the nat. order Umbelliferæ. A. graveolens is known by the name of dill [see DILL], and A. fœniculum (the Foeniculum vulgare of Hoffman), by that of fennel. [See FENICULUM and FENNEL.] ANEUCH', a., adv., or n. Enough. [Scotch.] AN'EURYSM, n. See ANEURISM. ANFRAC TUOSE, a. Same as AN FRACTUOUS. AN'GEL-BED, n. An open bed without posts. AN'GELET, n. An old English gold coin, equal to half an angel. ANGEL'ICA, a. [add.] The A. archangelica, or Archangelica officinalis, is a native of the banks of rivers and of wet ditches in all the northern parts of Europe. It has a large fleshy aromatic root, and a strong-furrowed branched stem as high as a man. It is much cultivated on the Continent for the sake of its agreeable aromatic odour. Angelica archangelica. Its blanched stems, candied with sugar, form a very agreeable sweetmeat, possessing tonic and stomachic qualities. The roots contain a pungent, aromatic, stimulating principle, on which account they have been employed in scrofulous diseases, and in the form of infusion and powder, as diuretics and sudorifics; but they are no longer used in modern practice, at least in this country. A. sylvestris, or wild angelica, possesses similar properties, but weaker. ANGEL'ICINE, n. A crystallized compound found in the root of the Angeli. ca archangelica AN'GERNESS,† n. The state of being ANGOSTURA BARK and spasm of the chest, is attended by acute pain, sense of suffocation, and syncope. ANGIOCAR'POUS, instead of AN'GIOCAR POUS. ANGIOSPOROUS, instead of ANGIOSPO'ROUS. AN'GLE, n. [add.] Angle of contact, this term has been discarded from modern mathematics, and when a curve is supposed to be composed of infinitely small rectilinear elements, the infinitely small acute angle formed by one element with the production of the next, answers for the old angle of contact.Angle of draught. [See under DRAUGHT.] AN'GLE,† n. One who may be easily enticed; a cull. AN'GLEMETER, [angle-measure.] The name specially given to an instrument employed by geologists for measuring the dip of strata. AN'GLE OF FRICTION, n. In mech., the angle whose tangent is equal to the co-efficient of friction. The coefficient of friction f of a body resting on an inclined plane, is found by observing the angle of friction (the angle at which the body begins to slide) when f is put equal to . AN'GLE OF REPOSE, n. That angle at which one body will just rest upon another without slipping. It varies of course with the natures of the bodies in contact, but is constant for the same bodies. It is called by Professor Moseley, the limiting angle of resistance. AN'GLER, n. [add.] The common angler (Lophius piscatorius) is not unfrequently met with on our coasts, and is known by the names of fishing-frog, toad-fish, and sea-devil. [See FISHINGFROG.] AN'GLE-SHADES, n. The name of a very common but very handsome moth found in this country. It is the Phlogophora meticulosa of naturalists. AN'GLICAN, n. A member of the Church of England. AN'GLICANISM, n. The principles of, or adherence to the Established Church of England; partiality to England. ANGLICIFY, v. t. To make English; to anglicize. [Not authorized.] AN'GLICUS SU'DOR, n. [L.] Sweating-sickness,-which see. AN'GLO-NORM'AN, n. An English Norman. AN'GLO-SAX'ONISM, n. A word or idiom of the Anglo-Saxon language. AN'GOBER, n. A kind of pear. ANGOSTURA BARK, n. An excellent bark, possessing febrifugal proper Angostura Bark, Ousparia febrifuga, ties, used by the Catalan Capuchin friars of the missions on the river Ca20 ANHARMONIC RATIO rony, South America. It is the produce of Cusparia febrifuga, or Galipea cusparia, a plant belonging to the nat. order Rutaceæ. - False angostura, a name given to the bark of the strychnos nur vomica. ANGOSTU'RIN, n. A neutral principle obtained from angostura-bark. ANGUINA'RIA, A genus of zoophytes found occasionally on fuci, in the British seas. It is the snake coralline of Ellis. ANGUIN EAL, a. [L. anguis, a serpent.] Resembling, or pertaining to a serpent, or serpents. ANGUIN'IDE, n. A family of ophidian reptiles, which combine the characters of the serpents and the lizards. They are known by the name of slow worms. AN'GUIS, n. [L.] A Linnæan genus of serpents, belonging to the order Ophidia of Cuvier. They are characterized externally by imbricated scales, with which they are completely enveloped. They have been separated into four sub-genera, viz., Pseudopus, Ophisaurus, Anguis proper, and Acontias. Of the sub-genus Anguis proper, the slowworm, or blind-worm (A. fragilis), is an example. It derives its specific name from being exceedingly brittle. AN'GULAR, a. For arbitrary processes, read orbitary processes. AN'GULAR INTERVALS, n. In astron., those arcs of the equator which are intercepted between circles of declination passing through the objects observed. They are measured by means of the transit instrument and clock. AN'GULAR PERSPECTIVE,n. That kind of perspective in which neither of the sides of the principal object is parallel to the plane of the picture; and, therefore, in the representation, the horizontal lines of both converge to vanishing points. It is also called oblique perspective. AN'GULAR VEIN, n. In anat., the name of the facial vein, when it has arrived at the side of the nose, near the eye. ANGULAR VELOCITY, n. The absolute velocity of a body moving round a fixed axis, at a unit of distance, and which is found by multiplying the circumference described by a radius of 1, by the number of revolutions observed, and dividing the product by the time. Thus, the number of revolutions being 10 in 30 seconds, the angular velocity referred to a unit of distance of 1 foot is 3-1416 X 2 X 18 2.0944 ft. per second. Hence, in any circular motion, the velocity of any point is equal to the angular velocity multiplied by its distance from the axis of rotation. If the angular velocity, and the distance from the centre, then the velocity=Xe. The term is chiefly used in analytical mechanics. AN'GULATE, a. Angled; applied to stems, leaves, petioles, &c., which are of an angular shape. ANGULOMETER, n. [L. angulus, an angle, and Gr. urger, measure.] The name given to an instrument for measuring external angles. [See ANGLE. METER, in Supp.] ANGUSTIFOLIATE, a. Same as AN : ANISETTE CD to DA, or (AB: BC) (CD: DA) when A, B, C, D, are points taken in a straight line in any order. AN'HIMA, or ANHIMA, n. This is the Palamedea cornuta of naturalists, or horned screamer. This latter name is derived from its loud, harsh voice. A'NI, n. A name given to a species of birds found in the West Indies and South America, belonging to the genus Crotophaga. They have large compressed beaks, dark plumage, and feed chiefly on insects. ANIENT ISSED,† pp. [Fr. anientir.] Reduced to nothing. [Chaucer.] AN'ILENESS, n. Same as ANILITY. ANIMAL, n. [add.] An inferior or irrational creature, in contradistinction to mankind. ANIMAL'CULA, instead of ANIMALCULA. ANIMAL/CULE, n. [add.] Animalcules are microscopic animals, existing in rivers and ponds, and in all animal and vegetable infusions. The term is now restricted to that division of infusoria termed polygastrica. ANIMALIZATION, n. [add.] The process by which food is assimilated, or converted into animal matter. AN'IMALIZED, pp. [add.] Converted into animal matter. AN'IMALIZING, ppr. [add.] Converting into animal matters. ANIMAL MAGNETISM, n. MESMERISM. See AN'IMAL MECHANICS, n. See under MECHANICS. AN'IMAL PAINTING, n. That branch of painting which is restricted to the representation of animals. The subjects are chiefly animals of the chase. AN'IMAL STRENGTH, n. See under STRENGTH. ANIMATED, pp. [add.] A painting or statue is said to be animated, when it is executed with such vigour and truth, that it appears full of life. ANIMATENESS,† n. The state of being animated. ANIMATION, n. [add.] In sculp. and paint., a term applied to a figure when it exhibits a sort of momentary activity in its motions. AN'IMINE, n. The name given to an oily fluid, extracted from animal oils by distillation, and odorous like hartshorn. AN'IMISM, n. [L. anima, the soul.] The doctrine that the phenomena of the animal economy are produced by the agency of the soul (anima), as taught by Stahl and Sauvages; also, the doctrine that the living phenomena of organized bodies are produced by an actuating or vital principle, distinct from the substance of those bodies. ANIMOSE',+ a. Full of spirit; hot; vehement; resolute. ANIMOSE'NESS,† n. mence of temper. AN'IMUS, n. plur. Animi. [L.] Mind; intention; purpose. Spirit; vehe AN'IONS, n. [Gr. ava, upward, and going.] Literally, that which goes up; a term applied by Faraday to those elements of an electrolyte, which in electrochemical decompositions appear at the anode, and are usually termed the electro-negative ingredients of a compound; such as oxygen, chlorine, and acids. [See ANODE, CATIONS.] ANISETTE', or ANISETTE DE BOURDEAUX, n. [Fr.] A French liquor made by distilling anise, fennel, and coriander seeds, previously steeped ANNUITY in brandy, with sugar, and one-half water. ANI'SIC ACID, n. An acid obtained ANK'ER,† n. An anchorite, or hermit. AN'KLED, a. Relating to, or having AN'KLE-DEEP, c. So deep as to reach the ankles. ANKYLO'SIS, n. [Gr.] A stiff joint AN'LACE, n. A short sword; a dagger; from bony union. AN'NA, n. In the East Indies, the 16th a wood-knife. part of a rupee, or about 1d. sterling. AN'NAL, n. In the Rom. Cath. church, a mass said for any person every day in the year; or a mass said on a particular day every year. AN'NAT, n. See ANNATS. ANNEALING, n. The process of rendering a metallic body, as iron or steel, less brittle, or more malleable, by heating it, and allowing it to cool slowly. AN'NELIDS, n. For Annelidæ, read The same process is applied to glass. Annelida. AN'NETT, n. A name applied to the kittiwake gull (Larus tridactylus). AN'NICUT, n. In East Indies, a dam. ANNEX',† n. The thing annexed. Annicuts are built across rivers, to raise the level of the water, to faciliANNIHILATOR, n. One who annitate both navigation and irrigation. hilates. ANNIVERSARY, a. [add.] Anniver sary days, in the Rom. Cath. church, the days on which an office is yearly performed for the souls of the deceased, or on which the martyrdom of the AN'NIVERSE,† n. Anniversary. saints is yearly celebrated. ANNOTATIONIST, n. An annotaAN'NODON, n. See ANODON. tor. ANNOT INOUS, a. In bot., being a ANNOT TO,) year old. ANNOT TA, n. See ARNOTTO. ANNOY'ES, n. plur. Annoyances. [Spenser.] ANNUALIST, n. An editor of, or a writer for, an annual publication. [Rar. us.] AN'NUALS, n. The name given by gardeners to all plants, which, if sown in the spring, will flower, perfect their seed, and perish in the course of the same season. Annuals, however, if sown in the autumn, become biennials, and the latter, if sown early in the spring, become annuals. Hardy annuals are such as grow in the open air; and tender annuals such as require to AN'NUARY,+ a. Annual. be raised in artificial heat. AN'NUELLER,† n. [Fr. annuel.] A priest employed in singing anniversary ANNU'ITY, n. [add.] The term anmasses for the dead. [Chaucer.] nuity, in its most general sense, signi 21 ANONA fies any fixed sum of money, which is payable, either yearly, or in given portions, at stated periods of the year. In an ordinary use of the term, it signifies a fixed sum of money payable to an individual during life. In the former case it is called an annuity certain, and in the latter, a life annuity. AN'NULARLY, adv. In the manner of ANNULO'SA, n. Same as ANNULOSANS. a ring. AN'NULUM ET BAC'ULUM. [L.] A ring and pastoral staff or crosier, the delivery of which by the prince was the ancient mode of granting investitures or bishoprics. ANNUNCIATORY, a. Making known; giving public notice. ANO'A, n. A species of ruminating animal (A. depressicornis), allied to the buffaloes. It is about the size of a middling sheep, and is found among the AN'ODE, n. [add.] That part of the rocky mountains of the island of Celebes. surface of a decomposing body which AN'ODON, the electric current enters; the part immediately touching the positive pole. ANODON'TA,) dara, teeth.] A gen. [Gr. a priv., and nus of lamellibranchiate bivalves, including the fresh-water muscles (A. anatinus and A. cygneus). Also the name of a genus of serpents, with very minute teeth. The A. typus is a South African species, which lives on the eggs of birds. ANO IE, n. [Fr] Hurt; [Chaucer.] trouble. ANO'IE,† v. t. To hurt; to trouble. [Chaucer.] ANO'IFUL,+ a. Hurtful; unpleasant. [Chaucer.] ANOMALISTICALLY, adv. Irregu AN'OMAL, n. An anomalous verb or word. larly. ANOM'ALITE, n. An irregular mine ral. ANOM'ALY, n. [add.] In mus., a small deviation from a perfect interval in tuning instruments with fixed notes. [See TEMPERAMENT.]-In astron., this term is used to signify properly the angular distance of a planet from its perihelion, as seen from the sun. It is either true, mean, or eccentric. ANO'NA, n. A genus of plants, the type of the nat. order Anonaceæ. A. squamosa, sweet sop, grows in the West Indian islands, and yields an edible fruit having a thick, sweet, luscious pulp. A. muricata, sour sop, is an ANTENNARIA ANONYMOS'ITY, n. State of being anonymous. [Not authorized.] ANONYMOUSNESS, n. State of being anonymous. ANOPLOTHE'RIUM, n. [add.] The species of this genus had a long, thick tail, resembling that of the otter, and they are supposed to have been aquatic in their habits. ANORM'AL, a. See ABNORMAL. ANOR THOSCOPE, n. [Gr. vogs, and XOTI.] The name given by M. Plateau, of Brussels, to an instrument invented by him, for producing a peculiar kind of optical illusion, by means of two disks rotating rapidly opposite to each other. The posterior one is transparent, and has certain distorted figures painted upon it; the first one is opaque, but pierced with a number of narrow slits, through which the figures on the posterior disk are viewed. The principle is the same as that of the phenakisto scope. ANORTHU'RA, n. A name by some naturalists applied to the common wren, from its cocked-up tail. ANSE DE PANIER, or SURBASED ARCH, n. An arch in the form of a semi-ellipse, its chord being the major axis. AN'SERES, n. [L.] See ANSERS. ÄN'SWER, n. [add.] Answer, in Chancery, a defence upon the merits, which generally controverts the allegations stated in the plaintiff's bill, or some of them; and states facts, showing the defendant's rights in the subject of the suit. ÄN'SWER, v. t. [add.] To respond to, or attend to; as, an attentive servant instantly answers the bell; to be ready to perform. [Shak.] AN'SWER, v. i. [add.] To undertake; to guarantee; to insure. AN'TA, n. See ANTE. ANTAGONIST, a. [add.] Antagonist powers, in physics, two opposing powers or forces, of which the action of one counteracts that of the other, so as to maintain an equilibrium. Such are the centrifugal and centripetal forces, the attractive and repulsive agencies in chemistry. ANTAGONISTICAL, a. Same as ANTAGONISTIC. ANTAL'ĠI€, n. A medicine to alleviate pain; an anodyne. ANTAL KALI, n. In med., a reANTAL'KALINE, medy for the purpose of neutralizing alkali, or of counteracting an alkaline tendency in the system. ants. ANT ARCHISM, or ANTÄR'CHISM. ANT ARCHIST, or ANTAR CHIST. ÄNT-CATCHER, n. The Myothera of Illiger, a genus of birds resembling the thrush, which live chiefly on Species of the genus are found on both continents. The ant-catchers include species of other genera of the tribe Myotherina; they have all short wings, a very short tail, and rather long legs. AN'TEDATE, v. t. [add.] To give or effect something before the proper time; as, no hostile hand can antedate my doom. [Pope.] AN TELOPE, n. [add.] The gazelle, properly so called, is the Antilope dorcas (Linn.) The other more remarkable species are the springbok, plunging antelope, rock-springer, algazel, chamois, gnu, &c. ANTEN NAL, a. Belonging to the an AN'TES, n. In arch. See ANTE. ANTHE ́LIA, n. plur. of ANTHELION,-which see. AN'THIEM, n. [add.] The anthem may be for one, two, or any number of voices, but seldom exceeds five parts. ANTHER I€UM, n. [Gr.] Spider-wort, a genus of plants, nat. order Liliaceæ. ANTHERID'IUM, n. plur. Antheridia. [L.] In bot., the anther-like bodies that are found in mosses and other cryptogamic plants, but the true nature of which is unknown. ANTHE ́SIS, n. [Gr.] The period when flowers expand; the act of expansion in a flower. ANTHI ARINE, n. See ANTIARINE. ANTHOCAR POUS, a. [Gr. arbos, a flower, and zagros, fruit.] In bot., a term applied to fruits formed by masses of inflorescences adhering to each other; as the fir-cone, pine-apple, &c. ANTHOCHÆRA, n. A genus of Australian birds, belonging to the family Meliphagidae, or honey-eaters. A. mellivora, the bush wattle-bird, is found wherever there are banksias, in New South Wales, South Australia, and Van Diemen's Land. Its notes are harsh and peculiar, like a person vomiting, whence its local name, Googwar-ruck. It feeds on the blossoms of the banksias. ANTIARIS and rures, type.] A generic term applied to photographic agents, which consist of papers impregnated with the coloured juices of flowers and other parts of vegetables. Such substances, when exposed to the chemical influence of light, produce well-defined photographs. ANTHOXANTH'INE, n. [Gr. urbes, a flower, and xv0os, yellow.] The yellow colouring matter of plants. ANTHOXAN'THUM, n. [Gr. ass, and Exv0] A genus of grasses with only two stamens, one species of which (A. odoratum) is well known to farmers under the name of sweet vernal-grass, or spring-grass. [See SPRING-GRASS.] ANTHRIS CUS, n. Beaked parsley, a genus of plants, nat. order Umbelliferæ. There are two British species, and one which has escaped from our gardens (A. cerefolium), which is well known as a salad and pot - herb, under the name of garden-chervil. ANTHROPOGLOT TUS, n. See AN THROPOGLOT. ANTHROPOGʻRAPHY, n. [add.] This term is applied more particularly to that branch of physical geography which treats of the actual distribution of the human race, as distinguished by physical character, language, institutions, and customs. [See ETHNOGRAPHY.] ANTHROPOLOGY, n. [add.] More definitely, this term implies the whole science or theory of man, considered physiologically, intellectually, and morally, or in his entire nature. ANTHROPOM’ETRY, n. [Gr. avows, man, and μgov, measure.] The measurement of the human body. ANTHROPOMORPH ́ISM, n. [add.] The representation of the Deity under a human form, or with human attributes and affections. ANTHROPOMORPH'IST, n. One who represents Deity under a human form, or with human attributes; an anthropomorphite. ANTHROPOMORPHITE, a. Relating to ANTHROPOMORPHISM. ANTHROPOMORPHITIC, or ANTHROPOMORPHITICAL, a. Pertaining to anthropomorphism. ANTHROPOP ATHISM, n. Same as ANTHROPOPATHY. ANTHROPOPHAGICAL, a. Relating to cannibalism. AN THUS, n. The pipit, a genus of birds separated from the genus Alauda (Linn.) There are four species found in the British islands, the Anthus Richardi, A. pratensis, or meadow - pipit, A. arboreus, the tree - pipit, and A. aquaticus, the shore-pipit. The mea dow-pipit, or titling, is the species to whose fostering care the young cuckoo is most generally consigned. [See PIPIT in this Supp.] ANTHOCY ANINE, n. [Gr. avlos, a flower, and zavos, blue.] The blue colouring matter of plants. ANTHOLOGY, n. [add.] A collection of flowers; a garland. ANTHOLYSIS, n. [Gr. aves, and v a breaking up.] In bot., the change of flowers from their usual state to some other, as leaves, branches, &c. ANTHOMY ZIDE, n. A general divi- ANTHYL LIS, n. [Gr. avdos, a flower, sion of the Muscidæ, composed of and us a beard or down.] Kidneyspecies having the appearance of comvetch, a genus of leguminous plants. mon flies. The wings are vibratile, the [See KIDNEY-VETCH.] legs of moderate size, and the abdomen ANTIABOLITIONIST, composed of four joints. ANTHORIS'MUS, n. See ANTHORISM. AN'THOS, n. [Gr. aves.] A flower. ANTHOSPER MEE, n. A tribe of plants, belonging to the nat. order Ru n. One who opposes abolition. Specially applied to those who oppose the abolition of slavery in the United States of America. ANTI-ACID, n. See ANT-ACID. ANTIADITIS, n. [Gr. artiades, the biaceæ. It consists of the genera Coptonsils.] Inflammation of the tonsils. rosma, Phyllis, Galopina, Ambraria, ANTIAPHRODISIA€. See ANTAand Anthospermum. The species are small herbs or shrubs, with opposite, or verticillate leaves. PHRODISIAC. AN'TIAR, n. A Javanese poison derived from the upas-tree. ANTENNAʼRIA, n. [From antenna.] A AN'THOTYPE, n. [Gr. aver, a flower, ANTIARIS, n. A genus of plants, nat. tennæ. |