The day after the operation there is but little difference. the fecond day, fays our author, if the part is viewed with' a lens, there generally appears a kind of orange-coloured stain about the incifion, and the furrounding skin seems to contract.' At this period the Doctor ufually gives, at bed-time, a pill compofed of calomel and compound powder of crabs claws, each three grains, with one tenth of a grain of emetic tartar. On the fourth or fifth day, the part grows fomewhat hard, itches, and appears flightly inflamed. About the fixth day a pain and stiffness is generally felt in the axilla, which is deemed a favourable symptom. The eruptive fever commonly begins on the seventh or eighth day. On viewing the incifion with a glafs, it now appears furrounded by a vast number of small confluent puftules. About the tenth day a circular, or oval, efflorefcence is difcovered, generally about the fize of a fhilling, but fometimes much larger. It accompanies the eruption, and may be deemed a fignal that all danger is over. As foon as the fymptoms of the eruptive fever appear, the last mentioned mercurial pill is adminiftered over night, and the following morning a draught compofed of two ounces of the infufion of fena, half an ounce of manna, and two drams of the tinure of jalap. With fubmiffion to the Doctor, he might certainly have contrived a lefs naufeous purge of equal power. When the appearances above defcribed proceed thus regularly, the difcafe is generally quite mild. If, on the contrary, they seem tardy. in their progrefs, it becomes neceffary to accelerate the eruption by a more frequent repetition of mercurial and purgative medicines. It is fomewhat extraordinary, that frequent evacuation fhould promote the inflammation, which, however, the Doctor affures us is the cafe; and, alfo, contrary to what is obferved of the small-pox in a natural way, that the earlier the eruption, the milder is the diforder. As foon as the symptoms of the eruptive fever appear, and the purging medicine has operated, the patient is ordered to keep abroad in the open air, be the weather ever fo cold, and to quench his thirst with cold water, taking care not to ftand, ftill, but to walk about moderately.

Such are the general principles of this new method of inoculation; a method, the fuccefs of which would, a few years: ago, have been thought to exceed all poffibility. Those who wish to be more minutely informed, we refer to the book itself, where they will find an explicit detail of every thing necessary to be known on this subject; and they will probably be convinced, that the great fuccefs of the Effex inoculators, is entirely owing to this antiphlogistic method of treatment, and not to any specific virtue in their medicines.

"

With regard to the experiments tried by the Doctor with an intention to afcertain the effects of a fimilar treatment of the natural small-pox, his opportunities have not been so frequent as he could have wifhed: nevertheless he has treated forty patients in the new method, without lofing one. According to the common way of management, not less than one in feven or eight are facrificed. These forty, therefore, are no inconsiderable ftep towards the discovery of means to take away all danger from this hitherto dreadful difeafe.

12. An Effay towards an Investigation of the prefent fuccefful, and moft General Method of Inoculation. By B. Chandler, Surgeon at Canterbury. 8vo. Pr. 15. Wilkie.

Mr. Chandler, having maturely confidered the feveral particulars in which the new method of inoculation differs from the old, is firmly of opinion that the wonderful fuccefs of the former is chiefly to be attributed to the prefent method of communicating the disease by means of the crude, unconcocted lymph, in preference to the matter when ultimately variolated by the fucceeding fever. But fince the publication of Dr. Dimfdale's pamphlet, probably our author is of another opinion. Be that as it may, he writes very fenfibly; and, in point of language, he is fuperior to any of those that have written on this subject.

Wherein the

critically exhis own ExWith an ApSutton's Me

13. An Effay on Inoculation for the Small Pox. Nature of the Disease is explained, the various Methods of Preparation that have been practised in America are amined, and that which the Author has found, from perience, to be moft fuccefsful, is clearly laid down. pendix, containing a Chymical Examination of Mr. dicines. By Thomas Rufton, M. D. 800. Price 1s. 6d. Payne.

If the practice of inoculation be not, at last, brought to its greateft poffible degree of perfection, it certainly will not be for want of a fufficient variety of publications on the subject. This author, however, is of opinion, that though a great deal has been faid, there was ftill a great deal more wanting.' He begins with confidering three different methods practised in America, all which he condemns, upon the whole, as injudicious. With regard to the nature of the disease, he determines it to be putrid rather than inflammatory, as hath been generally fuppofed, and fupports his opinion with a variety of ftrong arguments. Hence he deduces the indications for preparation, viz. to oppofe, and by that means to moderate the

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influence

Influence of the variolous infection in affimilating our juices; and, fecondly, to evacuate the variolous matter, as fast as it is formed, out of the conftitution.' The first is to be effected by diet; the latter, by medicine. Concerning the cold regimen of the Suttonians, he approves it, upon the whole, but not in the extreme. As to medicines, mercury and antimony, he thinks, are chiefly to be depended on, because they are the moft powerful evacuants. His formulæ are these :

N° 1. R. Pulv. jallap.

Crem. tart. aai.

Calomel, gr. iv. mifce fiat. Pulv, cathart. mane

fumend. cum regimine.

N° 2.

No 3.

R. Calc. antimon. illot.

iß.

Calomel.—3j. m. f. pulv. gr. xij. pro. dof.

R. Panac. antimon, B.

Mucilag. gum. tragacanth. q. f. ut fiant pil. 45.

The firft is to be twice exhibited in the space of a week previous to the operation. In the evening after inoculation, he gives a bolus of five grains of calomel, and the day following three doses of the powder, N° 2. On the third day he orders a dofe of the pills, No 3. viz. to a grown perfon three pills. The powders, N° 2. are to be repeated every day. These, however, are to be understood as general directions, which must vary pro re nata. From his experiments contained in the appendix, it appears, first, that the basis of Mr. Sutton's powder is calomel; fecondly, that his pill is the Pil. Cochiæ, mixt with calomel; thirdly, that the acid with which he prepares his punch, is the dulcified volatile vitriolic acid; and that there is no antimony in any of his medicines. Upon the whole, the author appears to be well acquainted with the late improvements in chemistry; and he has, with more penetration than any of his cotemporary writers on the fame fubject, endeavoured to fupport his practice on rational principles. It appears, however, from Dr. Dimfdale's book, that medicines are of lefs importance than Dr. Rufton feems to imagine.

14. Occafional Letters on the Practice of Inoculation. 410. Price 6d. Wilfon and Fell.

This author may be a very pious gentleman; but his arguments and language are no better than might be expected. from any old woman in his parish. He dates his last epistle from Eaft Clandon, and figns himself Jofeph Greenhill.

15. Tentamen

15. Tentamen Sophifticon, a Chemical Effay, defigned to hero the Poffibility of applying the Powers of Chemistry to an Examination of feveral Productions liable to be fophifticated or difguifed. Interfperfed with Obfervations on the approved Qualities of Ward's Drop and Pill, Dr. James's Powder for Fevers, counterfeit Magnefa Alba, and fome other medicinal Subftances. Whereto is annexed the Specimen or Plan of a Synopfis, including the chemical Structure, &c of some pharmaceutical Preparations; and an easy Method of trying them for medicinal Purposes. By Edward Wallis. 8vo. Pr. 2s. 6d. Nicoll.

What pity it is that the generality of trading chemists fhould be fo fhamefully dishonest as to vend fophifticated medicines, for their own private emolument, to the great danger and disappointment of his majesty's liege fubjects; but how fortunate is it, on the other hand, that there fhould be found one amongst them of fufficient honefty and abilities to detect their villany!

Let the reader figure to himself our honeft author standing at the door of his fhop, with his Tentamen in his hand, and haranguing his fellow-citizens of York to the following effect: "Countrymen and fellow-citizens, forry I am to acknowledge, that men of my profeffion are all ***** and ********** except myself and Co.; and that if you go to any other fhop, you will certainly be ******** To convince you of my fingular honefty, and abilities as a chemift, I here prefent you with a book, of my own writing, which will teach you how to detect the villany of others, and to discover the genuineness of my medicines. My book contains one hundred and fixty pages, one hundred and thirty-fix of which you are to confider as a preface to the reft. In this preface, I have proved (what no modern chemift doubts) that there is fuch a thing as elective attraction; and in the remainder of my book, I have fhewn by a feries of curious experiments, that this elective attraction may be employed to detect fraud. The medicines which I have put to the teft are Cinnabar, Oil of Anifeed, Glauber's Salt, Sal martis, and Magnesia Alba. Some of thefe, indeed, may poffibly, by ignorant phyficians, be thought of no great importance; but with regard to the laft, you will have no doubt of its medical virtues, nor of my real intention in this publication, when I inform you, from the last page of my book, that Genuine Magnefia Alba, in the highest perfection, continues to be fold by E. Wallis and Co. at their fhop oppofite All Saints Church in the Pavement York, in three fillings, five fhillings, and half a guinea boxes, with printed directions inclofed: where may be had likewife, all

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kinds

kinds of drugs and medicines, chemical and galenical, faith fully prepared, upon the most reafonable terms. Country or ders dispatched with the greatest punctuality and expedition."

16. Medical Advice to the Confumptive and. Aftḥmatic People of England; wherein the prefent Method of treating Disorders of the Lungs is fhewa to be futile and fundamentally wrong, and a new and easy Method of Cure, proposed by Philip Stern, M. D. 8vo. Pr. 1. Almon.

Having previously explained the ftru&ture and ufe of the organs of respiration, the Doctor proceeds to the predisposing caufes of confumptions, which, in this kingdom, he attributes chiefly to the inftability of the climate, or rather to its immediate effect, a cold. He then explains the term, and defcribes its progrefs and effects. This leads him to confider the ufual method of cure, which he proves to be futile and fundamentally wrong, from the improbability that the balfamics which, on thefe occafions, are taken into the ftomach, fhould ever reach the part affected, at leaft in fufficient quantity to be of any fervice. Poffibly the Doctor may be right. What then is to be done? First, he reminds us, that the only direct road to the lungs is through the wind-pipe; that vapour may be easily conveyed to the lungs; that aqueous liquors may be converted into vapour, and that vapour may be impregnated with great variety of medicinal fubftances. The medicines which he propofes to use, are antifeptics, antifpafmodics, attenuants, and balfamics. The three firft create no difficulty; but with regard to the native balfams, as they will not diffolve in water, he was for fome time under confiderable perplexity. They diffolve, it is true, in vinous fpirit; but that he judged too hot for his purpose. At length, after repeated experiments, he discovered a menftruum. with all the requifite properties: in this he diffolves his balfams, and dropping his folution into hot water, thus conveys it immediately to the affected part. In common cafes, fuch as recent colds, or coughs, he thinks it fufficient for the patient to inhale the fteam, thus impregnated, by holding his mouth over a common veffel; but, in confumptive cafes, he has contrived a kind of urn, made of pewter, with a pipe fixed to the top, fo as to carry a greater quantity of vapour to the lungs. Of this machine he exhibits a figure facing the title page. He then proceeds to give directions concerning the diet and exercife of confumptive people, which directions are perfeâly rational and judicious. Having founded his expectations, in the cure of confumptions which are far advanced, chiefly on the antifeptic virtue of his medicine, he relates an experiment, in which two pieces of beef, by

means