TODMORDEN (9th S. i. 21, 78, 114).-There can surely be little doubt of the derivation of this name. Though corrupted in time, the meres of England carry their origin in their location. Only recently, by consent of the Post Office authorities and at the request of the inhabitants, Foulmere, Cambs, has been restored to its original fowl mere. The tor (hill), mere (lake), and dene (valley), are there to explain J. H. MITCHINER, F.R.A.S. themselves. p. 16. Spalding, near 17 Edward II.-Dugdale, 'Imbanking and Draining,' ed. 1772, p. 231. 66 S. O. ADDY. Besides London, Nottingham, and Ipswich, Norwich long had its Rotten Row, at the south-west of the open space known as Tombland. This in the thirteenth century was called Ratune Rowe, afterwards Ratonesrowe, Raton Rowe, and Rotten Row. Kirkpatrick, in his 'Streets and Lanes of Norwich,' edited by the Rev. W. Hudson in 1889, says, 'so called, perhaps, from Ratts, known to our ancestors by the name of Ratones, on what occasion is now difficult to assert." "Raton-rowe was a editor, in a note, says: favourite name both in towns and country places-one at Ipswich, another at Nottingham. No doubt the derivation from rats is correct." But query if the three Rotten Rows specified were all named from rats, and, if so, why? JAMES HOOPER. Norwich. The MCLENNAN'S 'KINSHIP IN ANCIENT GREECE' Winterton, Lincolnshire (Ratten Row).-N. & Q.,' (9th S. i. 167). This article was published in two successive numbers of the Fortnightly Newcastle-upon-Tyne.-Welford, 'Hist. of New-Review (April and May, 1866), and ten years 6th S. viii. 281. castle,' p. 15. Frieston.-Thompson, 'Hist. of Boston,' ed. 1856, p. 498. Glasgow.-Macgeorge, 'Hist. of Glasgow,' p. 61. Kendal (Rattonrawe). -Boke of Recorde of Kendal,' pp. 4, 17. Elishaw, Northumb. (near Rattenraw).-Denham Tracts' (Folk-lore Soc.), vol. i. p. 338. EDWARD PEACOCK. Part ii. of the third series of the 'Regality Club Papers' (Glasgow, 1896) contains a learned paper by David Murray, LL.D., President of the Glasgow Archæological Society, on 'The Rottenraw, Glasgow,' in which he holds that the continuation of the Roman road from Drygait followed the course of the Rottenraw: "The probable explanation of the Romans carry ing branch roads through Glasgow east and west, south and north, is that it was the seat of a settled community which they had brought under their influence, and the Roman road may have followed the line of an already existing trail. The Rottenraw is the most elevated land in the neighbourhood, and, as such, would be the natural site of a native stronghold, with its encircling rath (pronounced later was reissued, with other essays, in book form, under the title of 'Studies in Ancient History.' OSWALD HUNTER BLAIR, O.S.B. Fort Augustus, N.B. I receive a note from Mr. Edward M. Borrajo, the Library, Guildhall, conveying the information I wanted, viz., that this paper appeared in vol. iv. of the Fortnightly Review (1866), pp. 569-588 and 682-698. "Bis dat qui cito dat." 22, Rue Servandoni, Paris. H. GAIDOZ. "DEWARK" (9th S. i. 146).-This is undoubtedly a dialectal form of daywork. In the Scottish_dialect we have daurk (Burns, 'The Auld Farmer's New-Year Salutation,' Heart of Midlothian,' chap. xxvi.); in the Globe edition, stanza 16) and darg (Scott, Cumbrian darrak (Anderson, The Twee Auld Men '); and the Encyclopædic Dictionary' (s.v. Day-work') quotes from 'Act. Audit.,' an. 1489, p. 140: "Fifti dawerk of hay, price xx merkis." Halliwell, in his 'Dictionary,' gives de as a Northern form of day, and with regard to land observes (s.v. In a paper by the Earl Percy, F.S.A., in the Highlands in 1750. The responsibility for this he is disposed conjecturally to assign to a certain Bruce, an official under Government, employed in 1749 to survey the estates, forfeited and other, in the Highlands. Bruce, or whoever the writer may be, is a confirmed Whig and Protestant, and is violently prejudiced against the Highlanders in general, and the Jacobite clans in particular. His assertions have accordingly to be taken with due reservations. He furnishes, however, much useful and striking information as to the state of the Highlands at a time concerning which we have few the Highland districts, he inspects the various trustworthy documents. Travelling over most of clans, summing up their military possibilities, which Mr. Lang seems to think he rates too highly, and passing comments, often very disparaging, upon the conditions, social and moral, under which the "THE RODIAD' (8th S. xii. 467; 9th S. i. 132). Highlanders subsist. At first, while he is among -Till recently I had two copies of this poem. favourable. The people, poor as they often are, the Protestant clans, his opinions are moderately One, which was evidently a reprint, had no pub- live by their own labour and industry, and are no lisher's name on the title-page and was bound bigger thieves than the inhabitants of the Lowland up with a curious collection of similar poems. counties. When, however, he proceeds by the The frontispiece was a very rough woodcut coast southward and comes to Knoidart, where of a schoolmaster with cap and gown, birch- the people under Glengarry are all "Papists," he is in a perfect den of thieves and robbers." The ing a boy in the fashion at that time pre-Camerons, though Protestants, have ever been valent at most of our public schools. This wicked and rebellious people" and "a lawless edition is, I am told, extremely rare. The banditti." More than half of the people in Caithother, which I believe is still to be met withness are but pitifull half-starved creatures of a occasionally, has the following title-page: believe to be inhabitants of Great Britain, so that low, dwarfish stature, whom a stranger would hardly "Library Illustrative of Social Progress. | an army of them by themselves does not deserve to The Rodiad. By George Coleman. The be much valued or feared." The McRaes, again, of Schoolmaster's Joy is to Flog (Gray). | Lon- Kintail, are "by far the most fierce, warlike, and don, Cadell & Murray, Fleet Street, 1810." strongest men under Seaforth," but until recently Perhaps some collector of curious books could were little better than heathens in their principles, tell me of other editions of this singular poem.living." Abundance of similar opinions are passed, and almost as unclean as Hottentots in their way of Neither of the University Libraries nor the though some clans as the Farquharsons of InverBritish Museum Library possesses copies of caul[d]-come in for favourable judgment. The this poem-at least, as a separate volume, volume constitutes an acceptable reprint, and will though it may possibly be included in some It is needless to say that Mr. Lang's introduction commend itself to all interested in Scotch history. other volume, and catalogued under a different adds greatly to its value and attraction. heading. FREDERICK T. HIBGAME. MR. HIBGAME writes of 'The History of the Rod' as having "Rev. Wm. H. Cooper" for its author. It may be as well to put on record that this name was fictitious. No clerical gentleman is responsible for the work, which was written by James G. Bertram, author, among many other books, of 'The Harvest of the Sea.' Hastings. EDWARD H. MARSHALL, M.A. Miscellaneous. NOTES ON BOOKS, &c. 66 To be Read at Dusk, and other Stories, Sketches, and Essays. By Charles Dickens. (Redway.) MR. REDWAY has succeeded in getting together a collection of stories and essays by Dickens, now first reprinted. They are of varied merit, but of very general interest, most of them having been written subsequently to the appearance of Pickwick.' Twenty-four out of forty-six items have never figured in a Dickens bibliography. Mr. F. G. Kitton has ferreted them out from the South Kensington Museum and other sources. They cannot fail to be attractive to Dickens students. Some of them, such as the essay on Capital Punishment,' have genuine importance; others, on the acting of Macready and that of Fechter, prove how keen an interest Dickens took in the stage, how just were his observations, and how wide his symWalter Scott and his Publisher' and on 'The Drunkard's Children' of Cruikshank, prove how broad and healthy in view Dickens ever was. Many of them have a quasi-autobiographical significance, or at least will be of much use to the future biographer. The opening item, which gives its name to the collection, consists of one or two The Highlands of Scotland in 1750. With an In-pathies. Others again, such as that on 'Sir troduction by Andrew Lang. (Blackwood & Sons.) In the researches he made in the pursuit of Highland studies undertaken in connexion with his editorship of the "Waverley Novels," and his account of 'Pickle the Spy, Mr. Lang came, in the King's Library, British Museum, upon a folio MS. (No. 104), of unknown authorship, concerning the state of the brilliantly told ghost stories. A pleasanter companion for a leisure hour is scarcely to be hoped. Three Sonnets, and other Poems. By Lewis Carroll. (Macmillan & Co.) THE death of Lewis Carroll has been followed by an The Stamp Collector. By W. J. Hardy and E. D. The Clergy Directory and Parish Guide, 1898. THIS cheapest of clerical directories contains an alphabetical list of the clergy of the Church of England (including the 1897 Advent ordinations in their proper alphabetical place), with qualification, order, and appointment, with dates; a list of the parishes and parochial districts, giving, diocese, population, incumbent, annual value, and patron; a Patrons' List, showing the distribution of the patronage of Church livings, whether held by public bodies or in private hands; a complete list of the chaplains (in English orders) of Her Majesty's naval, military, and auxiliary forces, and of the revived Order of St. John of Jerusalem; the diocesan and cathedral establishments, with the members of the two Convocations; a list of societies -charitable, educational, and missionary-connected with the National Church, showing address and name of secretary; and the graveyards closed during 1897 or shortly to be closed. It maintains worthily its old character and repute. and his views were shared not only by the Greek And sculptured ivory shed grievous tears And the chill marble seemed to sweat. Mr. Frederick Wedmore deals with The Short OCCUPIED with "wars and rumours of wars," the Story,' the cultivation of which in France has been English reviews have but little space for questions assiduous of late. Under the title White Slaves' of literary, social, or artistic importance. The the Countess of Jersey records some horrible sufferFortnightly has, however, one literary article, withings in Haiti in the beginning of the century. Dr. which we are in thorough accord. Writing on Tragedy and Mr. Stephen Phillips,' Mr. William Watson, while rating highly the work of Mr. Phillips, protests against the inclusion with 'Christ in Hades' and 'Marpessa' of 'The Woman with Jessopp concludes his Parish Life in England before the Great Pillage,' and the Bishop of Southwark deals with The Reconstruction of the Diocese of Rochester.'-The frontispiece to the Century consists of a portrait of Verdi. "The Mammoth Cave CASSELL'S Gazetteer, Part LIV., Tealing to Tingrith, has views of Teignmouth, Temple Newsam, Tenby, Thirlmere, Thames Ditton, and other spots, as well as of the Temple Church, Tewkesbury Abbey, and Tenterden Tower. of Kentucky' is depicted by Mr. John R. Procter. Toussaint l'Ouverture,' victim of the ambition and A day and a half is, it is known, the time ordinarily treachery of Napoleon. Mr. F. S. Leftwich writes, devoted to an exploration of this marvellous cavern. in the Gentleman's, on 'Old-World Ballads,' Mr. Judged from the designs of M. André Castaigne, Ellard Gore on The Suns of Space,' Mr. Fawcett the task of exploration is sufficiently trying to the on The Knightly Orders of France,' and Mr. Banks nerves of all except the strongest. Similar im- on Fletcher of Saltoun.'-The English Illustrated pressions are conveyed by Mr. Webb's illustrations depicts The German Emperor and Empress at to his own account of 'The River Trip to Klondike.' Home,' and has striking portraits of both. An The views on the Klondike river are very striking. illustrated paper of much interest is on Murdered Even more impressive are those illustrating The Statesmen of the Century. The first Napoleon is Rush to the Klondike over the Mountain Passes,' the subject of a further study under the title of which are enough to daunt all except an Alpine The Great Adventurer.' 'Freaks of Nature in climber. Very pleasingly continued is Mrs. Steven- Olden Times' reproduces some of the wild ima son's account of Mexican Society in......1866,' with ginings of Sir John Mandeville and other early its series of fine portraits of Galliffet, Castelnau, travellers. The engravings in general are excellent. and others. Mr. Burroughs's 'Songs of American-Mrs. Andrew Lang sends to Longman's an analysis Birds' may be warmly commended.-Something of of The Memoirs of a Highland Lady,' and Mr. a misnomer is the title of the first article in Lang, in 'At the Sign of the Ship,' gives as good as Scribner's, which, while headed 'The Workers,' he gets to the author of Pages from a Private deals avowedly with the unemployed. Very realistic Diary.' The Secret of the Willow - Wren' is a and saddening is the account by pen and pencil of pleasing study in natural history. Mr. Grant Allen existence in night refuges, if such they may be writes on 'The Seasons of the Year.'-Chapman's called, in Chicago. It is a relief to turn from these for March drops the serious article given in the scenes to the pictures of A Pompeian Gentleman's two previous months, and is now once more wholly Home-life,' depicted by Mr. Neville-Rolfe from the occupied with fiction, some of which is very enter recently excavated house of A. Veltius. The designs taining. to Mr. Neville-Rolfe's paper throw a very interesting light upon Roman opulence. Mr. Henry Cabot Lodge continues his important contribution to our knowledge of 'The Story of Revolution.' Very striking indeed is the reproduction of Greiffenhagen's Judgment of Paris.' A picture of Jefferson writing the Declaration of Independence forms the frontispiece. That to the Pall Mall consists of a delightful etching by Mr. Macbeth Raeburn of 'The Harbour of Rest. A description by the Duchess of Cleveland of Battle Abbey constitutes the paper of most historical and antiquarian interest. Both views and letterpress are of signal excellence. Staghunting in the Old Days' reproduces many quaint designs from J. E. Ridinger. Very beautiful are the designs to 'The River Dee.' Strangely stirring is 'The Record of the Gurkhas.' The whole number is, indeed, of exceptional interest and merit.-'The Diary of a Private Soldier in the Campaign of New Orleans,' which appears in Macmillan's, edited by Col. Wil loughby Verner, is, in a sense, a continuation of a previous diary by the same private, John Timewell, of the 43rd Light Infantry, which was in an earlier number. Major Pearse gives a striking picture of WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately. 'The Evolution of the Sikh Soldier.' Mr. SaintsTo secure insertion of communications corre bury has an interesting paper on Novels of University Life, and Mr. Tighe Hopkins an estimate of spondents must observe the following rule. Let 'Gavarni.' Pages from a Private Diary' are con- each note, query, or reply be written on a separate tinued in the Cornhill, and have the customary slip of paper, with the signature of the writer and pleasant flavour of literature and impertinence. such address as he wishes to appear. Correspond The third of the Fights for the Flag' of the Rev.ents who repeat queries are requested to head the W. H. Fitchett describes the heroic adventures of second communication "Duplicate." 'Lord Anson and the Centurion.' Mr. A. P. Graves writes on James Clarence Mangan.' The article is readable; but Mangan's merits as a poet seem overestimated. Very interesting are the Stray Fragments of a Past of Lady Jane Ellice, whose father saw Louis XVI. Mr. E. H. Parker depicts for us 'The Life of a Chinese Mandarin.'-"An Ambassador's Letter-Bag' is opened in Temple Bar, and furnishes some pleasant revelations concerning John Hookham Frere and his correspondence. 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