Semantics, Culture, and Cognition: Universal Human Concepts in Culture-specific ConfigurationsOxford University Press, 1992 - 487 pàgines Not everything that can be said in one language can be said in another. The lexicons of different languages seem to suggest different conceptual universes. Investigating cultures from a universal, language-independent perspective, this book rejects analytical tools derived from the English language and Anglo culture and proposes instead a "natural semantic metalanguage" formulated in English words but based on lexical universals. The outcome of two and a half decades of research, the metalanguage is made up of universal semantic primitives in terms of which all meanings--including the most culture-specific ones--can be described and compared in a precise and illuminating way. Integrating insights from linguistics, cultural anthropology, and cognitive psychology, and written in simple, non-technical language, Semantics, Culture, and Cognition is accessible not only to scholars and students, but also to the general reader interested in semantics and the relationship between language and culture. |
Continguts
Introduction | 3 |
LINGUISTIC EVIDENCE FOR ETHNOPSYCHOLOGY AND ETHNOPHILOSOPHY | 29 |
EMOTIONS ACROSS CULTURES | 117 |
MORAL CONCEPTS ACROSS CULTURES | 181 |
NAMES AND TITLES | 223 |
KINSHIP SEMANTICS | 327 |
LANGUAGE AS A MIRROR OF CULTURE AND NATIONAL CHARACTER | 371 |
Postscript | 443 |
Notes | 445 |
453 | |
475 | |
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Semantics, Culture, and Cognition: Universal Human Concepts in Culture ... Anna Wierzbicka Previsualització limitada - 1992 |
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adjective affectionate alofa aloha Anglo-Saxon apatheia attitude Australian Australian Aboriginal languages Australian English back-formations bad things called component concept contrast courageous čto culture dative Descartes destiny diminutive discussion disharmonic duša Dyirbal ečka emotion en'ka encoded English word example expressive fact fago fate feel toward children feels something bad feminine names full names girl happen hard stem human humility Ilongot imply kind kinship language Leibniz lexical liget linguistic linked litost Maasai masculine names meaning mind MOTHER and FATHER natural semantic metalanguage noun očka one's person Pintupi Pitjantjatjara Poland Polish polysemy prototype reference reflected relationship respect Russian Russian language Schicksal Seele seems semantic metalanguage sentences short forms show they feel smirenie social soft stem someone soul speak to children speaker sudba suffix suggest tion Tolstoy toska translated Tsvetaeva universal usia verbs want to show want to speak whereas Wierzbicka Zośka