Dame de Culturâ Dei. I find, indeed, that there have been other monasteries and churches in France called Notre Dame de Couture; but although couture (as your correspondents point out) means cultura, it does not necessarily mean cultura Dei, which, unless further light be thrown on it, I still think unintelligible. Du Cange ex- | plains cultura as Ager cultus; Gallis, Couture : Ager vel incertæ quantitatis, vel qui uno aratro in anno exarari potest." He quotes several authors and some charters in which cultura is used (1) for the land cultivated, and (2) for farms in general. He gives, as another meaning of cultura, adoratio; but under this head he says nothing that tends to throw any light upon my inquiry. 46 I shall not hazard any further suggestion as to the significance of Notre Dame de Couture, lest I should be wrong a second time, but I still doubt, until better informed, that de couture means de W. G. TODD. culturâ Dei. Blackheath. ARCHDEACONS' SEALS (5th S. iv. 327, 352.)-I have made a careful search among the seals in the British Museum, and it seems that the archidiaconal seals at different periods represented (1) a figure standing, (2) the figure under a canopy, (3) the figure kneeling below canopied saints, and (4) a coat of arms. Thus, an archdeacon of Suffolk has a figure holding a book; W. de Ludâ, of Durham, 1286, is represented holding a book within a niche; Thomas de Assingtonâ, of Exeter, is within a niche under the Madonna and Holy Child, SS. Peter and Paul, and a bishop; the Archdeacon of Lewes bears the image of our Lord, but not as He is represented upon the arms of the see, and his brother of Chichester is shown as a diminutive figure below St. Mary and the Holy Child. The Archdeacon of Stow, on his tablet at Canterbury, 1629, has only his paternal arms. In no case is there any impalement. MACKENZIE E. C. WALCOTT. WILLIAM PENN'S TREATY WITH THE INDIANS (5th S. iv. 208, 275.)-Allow me to correct a mistake on p. 208. It was not my intention to ask whether the late Mr. Stuart of Aldenham Abbey was descended from William Penn, for no one could entertain any doubt upon that point; and, further, in the next paragraph I mention his having received a pension from the Crown on account of some rights surrendered by his great ancestor, William Penn. In addition to the relics mentioned, there used to be at Aldenham Abbey a large fragment of the tree under which the treaty with the Indians was signed. JOHN PICKFord. Newbourne Rectory, Woodbridge. HORNGARTH (5th S. iv. 207.)—It is possible that this may have to do with the keeping cattle in the common for pasture, separate from the lands in the field. The underwood in such a common would belong to the tenants for firewood, and there would be certain times for the common being entered upon. The common pasturage was the third principal part of the lands of a village community. The context of the passages in the original should be added. ED. MARSHALL. Under Horngeld—no doubt the same as Horngarth-Du Cange gives, "Tributum, quod exigitur pro animalibus cornutis, ex Saxon. Hoɲn, cornu, and zelo, tributum... Hinc crebro in chartis, Sint quieti de... scutagiis et hidagiis, geldis, danegeldis, Horngeldis," &c. (vid. Monast. Angl., vol. i. 192). Chambers (Cyclopædia, sub voce) says, "It signifies a tax within the forest, to be paid for the feeding of horned beasts. To be free from Horngeld is a privilege granted by the king to such as EDMUND TEW, M.A. he thinks fit." Miscellaneous. NOTES ON BOOKS, &c. Plato's Phado. Literally Translated by the late E. M. Cope, Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge. Edited for the Syndics of the UniverA SPECIAL interest naturally attaches itself to a sity Press, Cambridge. posthumous publication of the labours of a devoted scholar. And when, as in the present case, the subject of those labours is one of the greatest minds of Antiquity, an inexhaustible treasurehouse of instruction for the modern student, a leader of thought through all ages since his master drank that poisoned cup which casts its shadow over the whole of the Phado, we are all the more grateful for the gift. It is, indeed, at the present time, when such a modern thinker as Buckle can be blamed for his adherence to the belief in the immortality of the soul, particularly interesting to have a fresh English version of the dialogue which embodies the last words of Socrates on this subject, spoken as they were within a few hours of his 66 ing the skulls of the Churchmen who looked upon Becket as the only obstacle to King and Pope, kingdom and Church, living in peace and friendliness. According to this narrative, one cannot but sympathize with King Henry's bewailing complaint to the King of France :66 My Lord, I can tell it you for sure, that whatever may be said or done in any other way than that very one which this Thomas liketh, he will ever protest that it be done against God, and that we have forfeited all our goods, if we do not yield to him in all things." Even the King of France said to Becket, "Peace is at the door, you may have it if you choose." But Becket compared Henry to Nero, whereat 'every tongue upbraideth him, saying that his stomach and masterfulness is the cause that the people may not obtain peace:" Genesis. With Notes. By the Rev. G. V. Gar 66 one makes us feel, like Simmias, that we have been made to laugh when we were in anything but a laughing humour. So modern is the language occasionally, that we half expect to find the word "buncombe" escape the lips of Socrates, when demolishing some of the "tall talkers" of his time. Yet this very familiarity of speech may have its good side, as making the student realize that the master mind, whose thoughts he is endeavouring to penetrate, was a man of like passions with himself,-not an abstract idea, but real flesh and blood, who, through his philosophy and its consolations, was enabled to wait patiently for the return of the sacred ship from Delos, and to present himself to his friends, in the hour of his departure, as whose journey to the world below was not unattended by a divine providence, nay, whose lot when he arrived there would be a happy one, if any human being ever was happy." In the early and middle ages the Church and the Schools were much influenced by Plato. The Alexandrian NeoPlatonists, the German Mystics of the fourteenth century, Pico della Mirandola and the Italian Neo-Platonic school, all testify to the power of that Greek philosopher who seemed to be at once a Doctor of the Church and a Master of the Schools. Mr. Jackson and the University Press have hearty thanks for the good work which both have so ably accomplished in this version of the Phaedo. Our Thomas Saga Erkibyskups.-A Life of Archbishop Thomas Becket, in Icelandic, with English Translation, Notes, and Glossary. Edited by Eiríkr Magnússon, Sub-Librarian of University College, Cambridge. Vol. I. (Longmans & Co.) THIS work is said to be derived from Becket's life written by Benedict of Peterborough, and it is supposed to supply the portions missing from Benedict's biography. Although only the first volume has appeared, the whole of Becket's life is told in it, from his birth to his violent death in Canterbury Cathedral, and it is difficult to know what remains to be told. In the account before us, notwithstanding the worship of the author for "God's man," as he calls the archbishop, Becket appears in a very disparaging light. He is described as swearing to obey the laws of the kingdom, and then breaking his oath on the ground that those laws were adverse to the claims of the Church. His voluntary flight is called exile by the king's decree, and there was so little of the Englishman in him that he is shown playing off the King of France against his own sovereign, and treating the prelates and other dignitaries in England, who entreated him to cease from disturbing both realm and Church so miserably, as vile and abject traitors. To such conclusion does this narrative bring its readers. They see a man whose idea of liberty was to have the king's neck under his heel, and his crosier batter THESE further issues evince the same care and land, M.A. Parts III. and IV. (Rivingtons.) accuracy spent on the previous parts. The author's would seem to be a diversity of meaning given to translation explains many passages where there the same Hebrew words. Whether it is advisable to make a rule of "giving that meaning which is most frequently attributed to any Hebrew word in the Anglican or Septuagint versions" critics will question, but anyhow Mr. Garland has presented both to advanced scholars and unpretending learners a useful help in reading the first pages of the Bible. The notes are numerous, tersely expressed, etymological-in a word instructive. CAPTAIN BURTON.-In answer to my last communication to "N. & Q.," I have received the following letter, pleasant, but tantalizing, from some unknown correspondent: 'Madam,-I cannot help thinking that if you were fully at Shap, in Westmoreland, you would be able to have the records of the Burton family searched careto fill up the link wanting in your husband's descent from 1712 till 1750 or thereabouts. As I am quite positive of a baronetcy being in abeyance in the Burton family, and that an old one, it would be worth your while getting Rev. Edward Burton, Dean of Killala, and Rector of all the information you can from Shap and Tuam. The Tuam, came to Ireland with an Archbishop of Tuam, whose niece he married, namely, a Miss Ryder of the Earl of Harrowby's family, by whom he had no children. His second wife, a Miss Judge, was a descendant of the ing families in Ireland. Admiral James Ryder Burton Otways, of Castle Otway, and connected with many leadcould, if he would, supply you with information respecting the missing link in your husband's descent. I have always heard that de Burton was the proper family name, and I saw lately that a de Burton now lives in Linclaim to the baronetcy, I remain, Madam, yours truly, colnshire. Hoping you will be able to establish your "A READER OF N. & Q.' "P.S.-I rather think also, and advise your ascertaining the fact, that the estate of Barker Hill, Shap, Westmoreland, by the law of entail on the male line, will devolve at the death of Admiral Ryder Burton on your husband, Capt. Richard Burton." Now, I would beg of my anonymous correspondent through your columns to make himself known to me, under promise of secrecy. All who know me will go bail for my truth and honesty, and that I will keep his incognito. The letter evidently comes from some one who knows all the family secrets, and wishes us well, but has some reason to wish not to appear in the matter. Had I known all this six months ago I would have gone to both Shap and Tuam; but now our leave is up, and on the 1st of November we must again go forth into exile, Gods knows when to return. I have no friends at Shap or Tuam, and do not know who I could write to. Admiral Ryder Burton is the real baronet, but has never claimed it. As to the fact of Barker Hill coming to my husband after the admiral's death-first, I always pray never to prosper on any one's death or misfortune; secondly, delightful as it would be to think in our last days, when we are sick and sorry and past work, we might have a resting-place in our own country, my informant is mistaken in saying my husband would be the heir-at-law. My husband's father, Col. Joseph Netterville Burton, had twelve brothers and sisters (one I know older than himself), who have married and propagated all over the world, and we do not even know where they are, with few exceptions, so that unless Admiral Burton willed Barker Hill to Richard Burton, which he is most unlikely to do, it would not come to us, but to some of the unknown cousinhood. The Government might be inclined to give my husband the baronetcy in consideration of his services. None of the others have claimed it, and, perhaps, would have more difficulty in getting it. After my husband's death it would go in the direct line. Under all these circumstances it would be kind and merciful of my nameless correspondent to trust me, and to tell me when and how I can meet him. ISABEL BURTON. THE SERMONS OF DR. THOMAS FULLER, THE CHURCH HISTORIAN.-A subscription-edition of the above is announced as nearly ready, in 2 vols. Svo., illustrated by reproductions of etchings of churches, &c., by Hollar and others. Thirty separate sermons are promised, together with six larger treatises (originally preached as sermons), and fragmentary passages of sermons. The very rare discourses entitled "Jacob's Vow," "Of Contentment," and "Of Assvrance," are included in the volumes, which are chronologically arranged. The old orthography has been preserved, and an old-faced type is used. Messrs. Unwin Brothers, of the Gresham Press, are printing the volumes, the editor being Mr. J. E. Bailey, of Stretford, near Manchester, author of the recent Life of Fuller. THE FATE OF INVENTORS.-"An inventor has just died in the poor-house at North Leith-Henry Dempster, a seaman, who, after years spent in the East India Company's service, devoted his whole time, and his substance also, to devising plans for improving the build of fishing vessels, and reforming the condition of the fisheries generally. He built a yacht on his own principles with a deep triangular keel, his confidence in which was so strong, that, according to a Scotch journal, he announced in the papers at Newcastle and Shields that he would run at a narrow ledge of rocks where there was one foot and a half less water than his little iron craft drew in the centre, and show her going over it like a horse going over a five-barred gate, and never injure the keel.' This he did, in the presence of thousands of spectators. Dempster also invented a deep-sea trawling net, and he attempted to promote the comfort of smokers by devising a nautical pipe of exceptional convenience. Neither fishermen nor smokers, however, appreciated the inventor's efforts on their behalf to any remunerative extent, and he died a pauper the other day."-Pall Mall Gazette, Nov. 2, 1875. Notices to Correspondents. To all communications should be affixed the name ard address of the sender, not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. S. I. J. ("Cater-Cousins ").-The Index to the 4 Series will direct inquirers to various communications, in which cater-cousins are described as friends so familiar as to eat together. Johnson's Dictionary interprets them as "fourth cousins"; cater=quatre. In Lancashire, cater-cousin indicates some such distant relationship; but also warm friendship: to be no longer cater-cousins is to be no longer intimate friends. In various provincial dialects the term implies good friends, with or without relationship. In Latimer's sermons, in Nash, in Darrell, and in Dryden (running over more than a century), the phrase has no other meaning. In this sense Mr. Halliwell interprets it, and no greater authority can be desired. MR. THOMSON HANKEY writes:-"I am sorry to find in your number of Saturday last, in which you were kind enough to insert a letter from myself, that you have misprinted the word 'grapes' for grasses. I dare say this was owing to my careless writing, but I hope you will be kind enough to allow the correction in your next number, as my inquiry was as to the best mode of whitening grasses so as to render them pretty objects for indoor ornaments in the winter." BOOK ON ENTOMOLOGY (5th S. iv. 320, 340.)—See Duncan's translation of Louis Figuier's The Insect World (Cassell, Petter & Galpin); also his work on The Transformations of Insects. Many similar works have been published, such as Chas. Knight's Weekly Volume (vols. xxxix. and xl., "Insect Architecture," by James Rennie, 1845), and The Family Library (vols. vii. and li., "History of Insects," 1830-5). F. A. EDWARDS. C. L. W. writes:-"I see that one of your correspondents dates from Pudsey. I should be very glad to know where this place is, and whether it was once the residence of the old Northern family of Pudsey." [Pudsey is near Leeds.] T. L.-" Flirt." This word has passed into the French language as irrevocably as "baby"-bébé. We have seen recently in a French newspaper the verb flirter and the noun flirteur. VIGORN. We shall be happy to receive your communication. IN the query about a Culloden badge, p. 328, the letters "G. K." should be "G. R." J. C. C.- Free' G. Schools" next week. NOTICE. Editorial Communications should be addressed to "The Editor"-Advertisements and Business Letters to "The Publisher "-at the Office, 20, Wellington Street, Strand, London, W.C. We beg leave to state that we decline to return communications which, for any reason, we do not print; and to this rule we can make no exception. .218. 248. 308. 368. per imperial gallon. On receipt of a Post-Office Order, or reference, any quantity will be orwarded immediately by HEDGES & BUTLER, LONDON: 155, REGENT STREET, W. WATSON'S OLD MARSALA WINE, gua ranteed the finest imported. free from acidity or beat, and much superior to low-priced Sherry (vide Dr. Druitt on Cheap Wines), 238. per dozen. Selected dry Tarragona, 20. per dozen. Terms cash. A single dozen rail paid.-W. D. WATSON, Wine Merchant, 373, Oxford Street (entrance in Berwick Street), London, W. Estab lished 1841. Full Price Lists post free on application. SEALS DIES BRASSES BOOK PLATES DERALDPAINTING ILLUMINATED ADDRESSES ILLUSTRATED DICH DOLBORN W PRICELISTPOSTERED VISITORS to the EASTERN COUNTIES will do well to Visit WM. MASON'S Large COLLECTION of ANTIQUE FURNITURE, Oil Paintings, Medals, Bronzes, fine O'd China. Rare Books, Coins, curious Watches. Autographs, Rare Seals, fine Engravings. Paintings on Ivory, Carved Frames, &c. at 25, FORE STREET, ST. CLEMENTS, IPSWICH. Established 184) For all the uses of the finest Arrowroot, BROWN & POLSON'S CORN FLOUR HAS TWENTY YEARS' WORLD-WIDE REPUTATION. John Brown John Bolson BRAND and CO.'S SOUPS, SPECIALITIES for INVALIDS. RUPTURES.-BY ROYAL LETTERS PATENT. HITE'S MOC-MAIN LEVER TRUSS is allowed by upwards of 500 Medical Men to be the most effective invention in the curative treatment of HERNIA. The use of a steel spring, so often hurtful in its effects, is here avoided; a soft bandage being worn round the body, while the requisite resisting power is supplied by the MOC-MAIN PAD and PATENT LEVER fitting with so much: ease and closeness that it cannot be detected, and PREPARATIONS OF PEPSINE. may be worn during sleep. A descriptive circular may be had, and See Name on Label. Highly recommended by the Medical Profession. Sold in Bottles as WINE, at 3s., 58., and 98.; LOZENGES, the Truss (which cannot fail to fit) forwarded by post on the circum- MR. JOHN WHITE, 228, PICCADILLY, LONDON. An Umbilical Truss, 428. and 528. 6d. Postage free. 28. 6d. and 4s. 6d.; GLOBULES, 28., 38. 6d., and 68. 6d. ; and ELASTIC STOCKINGS, KNEE-CAPS, &c., for POWDER, in 1 oz, bottles, at 5s. each, by all Chemists and the T. MORSON & SON, Southampton Row, Russell Square, London. VEINS, and all cases of WEAKNESS and SWELLING of the LEGS, SPRAINS, &c. They are porous, light in texture, and inexpensive, and are drawn on like an ordinary stocking. Prices, 48. 6d., 78. 6d.. 108., and 168. each. Postage free. JOHN WHITE, MANUFACTURER, 228, PICCADILLY, London. HOLLOWAY'S PILLS and OINTMENT. Unsettled weather.-Foggy, dull, and damp days try the constitution. Complaints of the chest, such as asthma, bronchitis, inflammation of the lungs, coughs and colds, are now afflicting multitudes Fortunate it is for such sufferers that they may with confidence AMPLOUGH'S PYRETIC SALINE.-resort to Holloway's purifying Pills and soothig Ointment. These LA Have it in your houses and use no other. It forms a most agreeable beverage. The only safe antidote in fevers, eruptive affections, sea or bilious sickness, small-pox, and headache, having peculiar and exclusive merits. Sold by all Chemists, and the Maker, 113, Holborn. Use no substitute. noble medicaments exercise the most beneficial influence over all the many maladies which arise from exposure to wet or cold in our variable climate. The Ointment should be well rubbed as near the afflicted part as possible at least twice daily, oftener if possible. Friction with it upon the chest, between the shoulders, or upon the throat, will at once diminish all dangerous symptoms. SAMPSON LOW, MARSTON & CO.'S NEW BOOKS. The CHALDEAN ACCOUNT of GENESIS. Containing the Description of the Creation, the Fall of Man, the Deluge, the Tower of Babel, the Times of the Patriarchs, and Nimrod; Babylonian Fables, and Legends of the Gods. From the Cuneiform Inscriptions. By GEORGE SMITH, of the Department of Oriental Antiquities, British Museum. Author of Assyrian Discoveries," "History of Assurbanipal," &c. With numerous Illustrations. 1 vol. demy 8vo. cloth extra. (In a few days. SPAIN. Illustrated by Gustave Dore. Text by the Baron Ch. D'Avillier. This fine Work contains over 240 Wood Engravings, half of them being full-page size. All after drawings by the celebrated Artist. Imperial 4to. elaborately bound in cloth gilt extra, gilt edges, 37. 38. [Now ready. "The lively and readable narrative has been translated with spirit, and....altogether this volume is likely to be one of the most attractive of the gift-books of the season."-Atheneum, "This magnificent volume is written by one who knows Spain well....All through his narrative one feels that he writes not simply for the sake of manufacturing a book, but because he is interested in his subject, and likes to communicate his knowledge and impressions. Even, however, if his story were far less interesting, the work would be highly prized by a considerable public on account of the illustrations. These are in Dore's well-known style, and represent almost every phase of life that would strike a traveller on his way through the country....Grand scenery is also rendered; and Moorish architecture receives full justice."-Globe. OLD ENGLISH HOMES. "We still gaze with pleasure on their picturesque line of gables, their fretted fronts, their gilded turrets and fanciful vanes, their castellated gateways, the jutting oriels from which the great noble looked down on his new Italian garden, its stately terraces and broad flights of steps, its vases and fountains. its quaint mazes, its formal walks, its lines of yews cut into grotesque shapes in hopeless rivalry of the cypress avenues of the South. It was the Italian refinement of life which remodelled the interior of such houses, raised the principal apartments to an upper floor-a change to which we owe the grand staircases of the time-surrounded the quiet courts by long galleries of the presence,' crowned the rude hearth with huge chimney-pieces adorned with fauns and cupids, with quaintly interlaced monograms and fantastic arabasques, hung tapestries on the walls, and crowded each chamber with quaintly carved chairs and costly cabinets."-From The England of Elizabeth in Professor J. R. GREEN'S Short History of the English People. OLD ENGLISH HOMES: a Summer's Sketch-Book. By Stephen Thomson, Author of "Swiss Scenery," &c. Illustrations by the Author. Demy 4to. cloth extra, gilt edges, price 21. 23. [Ready. N.B. This charming volume, in addition to about 220 pages of Descriptive and Historical Text, includes 25 very fine Photographic Views (reproduced by a permanent process) of Ightham Mote, Hever Castle, Penshurst Place, Knole, Hampden House, Stoke Poges, &c. "One of the most attractive of gift-books.”—Athenæum, A FINE OLD ENGLISH GENTLEMAN, Exemplified in the Life and Character of Lord COLLINGWOOD: a Biographical Study By WM DAVIES, Author of "The Pilgrimage of the Tiber," &c 1 vol. crown 8vo. cloth extra, 68. With Steel Portrait of Lord Collingwood by C. H. Jeens. [Now ready. LEAVES from a SKETCH-BOOK: Pencillings of Travel at Home and Abroad. [Ready. By SAMUEL READ. Royal 4to. containing about 130 Engravings on Wood, cloth extra, 258. "Mr. Read's sketches are not only delightful in themselves, but will revive pleasant recollections of happy journeyings in the minds of not a few. And so on from point to point of this beautiful book, the student may strike out, if he chooses, into the most interesting lines of inquiry into comparative social conditions, progress, relations of classes, worship, art, war, chivalry, and so on, only to return again for refreshment and pleasure. But the book may well be prized apart from this, its more serious side. It is executed with much taste, freshness, and skill, and is so luxuriously printed that it may well hold its place amongst the delicious drawing-room books of the season. There is nothing meretricious here.... Mr. Read has certainly lost none of his enthusiasm in Scotland, for we confess we have hardly seen anything finer than some of his sketches in Edinburgh and Linlithgow-places with which we are abundantly familiar. We do not think that the season is likely to yield a more artistic, suggestive, and beautiful gift-book than this."-Nonconformist. TWO TRIPS to GORILLA-LAND and the CATARACTS of the CONGO. By Captain R. F. BURTON. 2 vols. demy 8vo. with numerous Illustrations and Map, cloth extra, 288. [Now ready. E. V. B.-BEAUTY and the BEAST: an Old Tale Retold, with Pictures. By E. V. B. Demy 4to. cloth extra, novel binding. Ten Illustrations in Colours (in same style as those in the First Edition of "Story Without an End"), 128. 6d. [Ready. "This may be said to be one of the first to appear of the gift-books of the season. The Hon. Mrs. Boyle, in the illustrations not less than in her prose, maintains the well-won honours of the initials of her three names. To the old story she has imparted a new charm.... The illustrations...are good examples of the skill of the lady to whom we owe so many, such sweet and delicate pictures. The binding of the volume is....pleasantly uncommon."-Athenaum. "Will delight every one lucky enough to receive the book as a Christmas gift."-Globe. WERNER (CARL).-NILE SKETCHES, complete in Five Parts. Part V., containing Four perfect Fac-similes in Water Colours of Drawings taken from Nature during the Artist's Travels through Egypt. Now ready, price 458. (Full particulars of this fine Work can be had by applying to the Publishers.) London: SAMPSON LOW, MARSTON, LOW & SEARLE, 188, Fleet Street, E.C. Printed by E. J. FRANCIS & CO., at Took's Court, Chancery Lane, E.C.; and Published by |