The etymology given to this name by Murray's Handbook of France is, according to the laws of derivation of French from Latin, thoroughly sound. In early French, ul becomes ou; er. gr., poudre from pulverem, soufre from sulphur, coupable from culpabilis. Up to the sixteenth century the French equivalent for the Latin cultura was couture. Littré gives two examples of this word, which is still in use in the patois of Berry and Picardy. Couture, meaning stitching, derives from consuere, consutum, consutura, this last word being the hypothetical form of the Latin noun. HENRI GAUSSERON. Ayr Academy. THE YELLOW ROSE: NICHOLAS LETE (5th S. iii. 208, 312.)—Nicholas Lete (not Lette) is stated by Parkinson (Paradisus, p. 420) to have first brought the double yellow rose from Constantinople; but his specimens died, and its introduction into our gardens seems to have been due to John de Franqueville, who was also a London merchant. Lete was a contemporary and friend of Gerarde, who refers to him in his Herbal, as at p. 804. Pulteney (Progress of Botany, i. 124) quotes from Gerarde that Lete was greatly in love with rare and faire flowers, for which he doth carefully send into Syria, having a servant there at Aleppo, and in many other countries; for which myself and the whole land are much bound unto him." JAMES BRITTEN. EXTRA-MURAL BURIAL AND CREMATION (5th S. iii. 508; iv. 94, 114.)—D. J. may be assured that the book I asked about was a very vigorous protest against the evils of burial in towns. I never asserted that Tyers's garden had anything to do with "burial or cremation," but merely desired the further information which D. J., p. 94, has afforded. SPERIEND. "HE IS SINGING WHILLALEW TO THE DAYNETTLES (5th S. iii. 328, 454.)-I have never chanced to hear this expression, but it reminds me of a doggerel sometimes uttered in Dublin of one buried "With the point of his nose, and the tips of his toes, Turned up to the roots of the daisies." "Day-nettle" is the Ulster corruption for the common red dead-nettle, a very frequent weed in waste ground, and, of course, in churchyards. It is erroneously imagined by the people to be the cause of a certain disease in cattle which they miscall "murrain," but which is owing to want of drainage. It is usual in Ulster to call almost everything by the name of something else instead of its own name. "Whillalew" would be in the south "Pullalew," the "Irish cry" at funerals. S. T. P. THE "RUDDOCK" (5th S. iii. 492; iv. 115.)— The redbreast is, of course, so called as being the little red bird. And we find in many parts of the country dunnock (diminutive of dun) as the name of the brown hedge sparrow, a formation exactly similar to ruddock. His most intimate friends call him Dicky Dunnock. Compare Robin Redbreast, or Jenny Wren, and Mag Pie. In some parts I am informed that the same bird is called pinnock. What may be the derivation of that word? As I am on the word dun, is not donkey, abhorred of dictionaries, one of its diminutives? Dr. Latham gives a very far-fetched account of it. What is the historical evidence? I cannot re member an older instance of its occurrence than in Rejected Addresses, in which Coleridge is supposed to say, "I had a grandmother, she kept a donkey." J. H. I. OAKLEY. THE ELIZABETHAN GRAND LOTTERY (5th S. iv. 127, 174.)-I conclude J. B. B. is correct in ascribing the lines he has quoted to Whitney. I have Green's Shakspeare and the Emblem Writers, in which Whitney's emblem of Silentium (1586) is given. Harpocrates, the god of silence, is represented seated at a table, and holding one of his fingers on his mouth. And Whitney, after six stanzas, closes with these lines: "Th' Egyptians wise, and other nations farre, Vnto this end, Harpocrates deuis'de, Whose finger still did seeme his mouthe to barre, To bid them speake no more than that suffis de, Which signe thoughe oulde, wee may not yet detest, But marke it well if wee will liue in rest." Then, adds Green (he does not say by whom) :— "Written to the like effecte, vppon Video et taceo, her Majesties poësie," &c., "I see, and houlde my peace," &c. I fail to see that the last line cited by your correspondent-if the lines be Whitney's-implies that he was at the time poet laureate; and I think I am justified in saying that he never did hold that office. FREDK. RULE. THE TABLE AND THE PEOPLE (5th S. iii. 426, 474; iv. 293, 317.)—After reading MR. BLENKINSOPP on this matter (p. 317), I would add to my former note that, though I know, of course, there is no authorized Latin version of our present Prayer Book (I do not remember saying there was), I continue to think a very fair inference, if not an argument, may be drawn from the use of "ante" and "coram" by successive translators, who must, of course, be supposed to have carefully considered the meaning of the English; and that inference, as I have said already, is that the two uses of "before" "have two distinct meanings instead of the same, as many people at present seem to think they have. That " 66 coram neces Here he speaks out of his pottle, That sits watering with the Muses. Cheers the brains, makes wit the quicker, WILLIAM GEORGE BLACK (Neomagus). sarily means "in the sight of," as I have also said, I do not allow, and the use of "coram altari," quoted above, is enough to show this of itself; and, further, coram altari" is against MR. Tew in another way, tending to show what he denies, that "ante" (liturgically, at least) does mean "with the face towards," for it is used (in the Sarum and Bangor Missals) where the deacon, taking the book of the Gospels, is to bow to the priest standing "coram altari," "coram" being plainly used-it is used in this one instance only-because "ante" CHINESE PIRATES: CAPT. GLASSPOOLE (5th S. would be inapplicable, inasmuch as the deaconiii. 420, 495; iv. 238.)-Some account of Captain would not bow to the priest's back; and if there Glasspoole's capture by the Ladrones will be found were still any doubt, it would be removed by the in Mr. C. J. Palmer's Perlustration of Great Yarcorresponding rubric in the Hereford Missal, mouth, vol. ii. 384. A. G. which, though it does use "ante," carefully adds versâ facie," showing clearly how "ante" would be understood without such an explanation. CHARLES F. S. WARREN, M.A. "MANCHESTER CHRONICLE," 1825 (5th S. iv. 309.)—The inquirer has access here not only to Wheeler's Chronicle, 1819-42, 24 vols., but to the following newspapers-Manchester Exchange Herald, 1814-26, 13 vols.; Manchester Guardian, 1821-56, 35 vols.; Manchester Courier, 1826-47, 22 vols.; with what is the gem of the collection, perhaps-a unique set of Harrup's Mercury, 1752-1825, BIBLIOTHECAR. CHETHAM. 29 vols. “THE TEA TABLE" (5th S. ii. 511; iii. 516; iv. 275.)—S. T. P. is wrong. The works referred to on p. 516 of vol. ii., The Banquet, &c., are by Hans Busk. "The Social Day" is by Pel. Coxe. OLPHAR HAMST. GOODMANHAM FONT INSCRIPTION (3rd S. xii. ORIGIN OF THE TERM "CARDINAL" (5th S. iii. 64, 233, 278, 456.)-I know nothing of Pietro Giannone's History of Naples, and therefore have no means of verifying the statements made therein, as quoted by MR. BOUTILLIER, with reference to Pope Innocent IV. having, at the Council of Lyons held A.D. 1245, "adorned the cardinals with red hats, and granted them, as further marks of dignity, the train-bearer," &c.; and I therefore ask, as nothing of this kind is to be gathered from the records of that Council (see Harduin, in loco), on what authority these statements can be based. I should have thought that it would be found-but have read it most carefully with no success-in "Brevis Nota eorum quæ in primo concilio Lugdunensi gesta sunt"; that is, a capitulation of matters transacted in the Council. EDMUND TEW, M.A. SIGNBOARDS: "THE GOOD" OR "SILENT" WOMAN (5th S. iv. 88, 136, 252.)-I do not think that any of 207, 234, 274, 319; 5th S. iv. 317.) The b in origin of this signboard. In the days of old it was your correspondents have alluded to the very curious "baptysm" is a misprint for b. J. T. F. MOORE AND BEN JONSON (5th S. ii. 366.)— You'll never write anything wise; Which hurries a bard to the skies." W. A. C. suggests that this verse of Moore's was spun from the couplet in the Greek Anthology:— "Wine to the poet is a winged steed: Those who drink water come but little speed." It appears to me that Moore may have taken the idea from the following lines of Ben Jonson, over the door of the "Apollo" :— "Welcome all who lead or follow la bone fame, with a meaning the same as that of la bonne renommée in later times. According to Virgil's description, Fame walks on the earth, while her head is concealed in the clouds "Ingrediturque solo, et caput inter nubila condit." Consequently, la bone fame was represented by a headless woman, at times, no doubt, very roughly drawn. By degrees the word fame dropped out of the French language, and then people read la bonne femme, correcting what they deemed an orthographical error. But why should the "Good Woman have no head? The explanation was, of course, suggested by some henpecked cynic at the wineshop, and voted unanimously by his boon companions. As a help to slow understandings, the word "silent" was sometimes substituted for The Quarterly Review, No. 278. October, 1875. "good." H. K. There is a signboard of the "Silent" (or "Good") "Woman" in the little market town of Tarporley, near Chester, not mentioned in Hotten's History of Signboards. WILLIAM GEORGE BLACK. Miscellaneous. NOTES ON BOOKS, &c. Memorials of Liverpool, Historical and Topographical including a History of the Dock Estate. By J. A. Picton, F.S.A. Second Edition, Revised, with Additions. In 2 vols. Vol. I., Historical; Vol. II., Topographical. (Longmans & Co.) MESSRS. LONGMAN have issued this new edition of Mr. Picton's Memorials of Liverpool in a form at once elegant and convenient. It is one of the most important works on local history; and in no work, of which we have any knowledge, is local history treated in a more attractive or more satisfactory manner. There is solid matter enough, and statistics sufficient for those who have appetite -and it is a healthy appetite-for such fare. | Therewith Mr. Picton takes the historical theme of Liverpool, and treats it from the beginning to the present hour with the grace of an accomplished historian who has got all the various facts well in his grasp, and can narrate them, make comment, and refer to and draw inferences from them, with equal ease, skill, and success. It is not often that local history wins the attention of the general reader; but Mr. Picton's book is as full of stirring incident, queer circumstance, grave facts, and remarkable illustrations of social life as any book which general readers may have found attractive. Mr. Picton describes his story as one "of small beginnings and great results, of early feebleness, long stagnation approaching to decay, with a reaction to progress almost unparalleled." In the new matter in this edition is to be named that which "throws considerable light on the condition of the town during the eighteenth century," and which, in connexion with the social traits which made parts of the first edition so amusing as well as instructive, gives an additional charm to this second issue. Mr. Picton says, "The changes in the topography of Liverpool are so rapid and extensive, that even the short interval since the first edition of this work was issued has required much of the descriptive part of this work to be rewritten." It is a work which reflects the highest credit on Mr. Picton, on whom one may fancy the spirit of King John smiling with satisfaction at having attributed to his political foresight the creation of Liverpool, by building the castle and forming the port from whence has sprung the flourishing town, which has now found so faithful and so perfect a chronicler. (Murray.) of St. Simon ranks among the famous books that All the Articles of the Darwin Faith. By the Rev. F. 0. in a Village Church. By Rev. W. J. Stracey, M.A. eccentricities, affectations, or excitements, will be found admirably adapted, by their simple language, scriptural illustration, and fervent exhortation, for the use of clergymen in charge of parochial cures amidst our simple agricultural and labouring populations. They may well be placed by the side of Bradley or Cooper on the shelves of an incumbent's library. THE following is the inscription that will shortly be reinstated on Purcell's grave stone in the north aisle of Westminster Abbey. The lettering throughout will be formed of solid brass characters; thus, so far, will be preserved the memory of one who has been described as "the Chaucer, as it were, of the Musicians' Corner":HIC REQUIESCIT HENRICUS PURCELL HUJUS ECCLESIAE COLLEGIATAE ORGANISTA OB. XXI., NOV. AN. AETAT. SUAE XXXVII., PLAUDITE, FELICES SUPERI, TANTO HOSPITE; NOSTRIS FRANCISCA HENRICI PURCELL UXOR CUM CONJUGE SEPULTA EST XIV. FEB. MDCCVI. THE BENEDICTINES (ante, pp. 260, 279.)-There are few subjects more beset with difficulties, or involving more intricate calculations, than that of ancient weights and measures. Nevertheless, SENEX need not remain long in perplexity regarding, at least, the approximate modern equivalent of the hemina or cotyle. Since Dr. Hase's careful experiments in 1824 the congius of Vespasian has been accepted as the standard whereby to calculate ancient vessels of capacity in terms of modern measurement. The hemina was half a sextarius, and the sextarius was a sixth of the congius. Now Dr. Hase proved that the congius of Vespasian holds 52037-692 grains of distilled water by weight. The standard gallon holds 70,000 grains of distilled water by weight, or 10 lb. avoirdupois : hence the congius was equal to 5 9471 pints, and the hemina, being its twelfth part, represents accurately 4955 of a pint, or as "near as possible" half a pint. If SENEX wishes to pursue the subject he will find it elaborately discussed in Hussey's Ancient Weights and Measures. The word hemina seems to be nothing more nor less than a dialectic form of nμiov, and. in the passage of Persius which SENEX quotes, Prof. Conington, with his usual sagacity, translates " has broken short half-pint measures officially at Arretium." In the horrible story which Seneca tells of Caligula (De Ira, iv. 33) he speaks of the emperor as "taking a glass" with his victim-"propinavit illi Cæsar heminam." In pothouse language I suspect it would be said that Caligula "had a half-pint." The Close, Norwich. AUG. JESSOPP, D.D. he My dictionary, published in the early part of the seventeenth century, gives the following explanations, placing the capacity of the hemina at three-quarters of a pint :"Hemina, a kinde of measure; halfe a sextarius; three parts of a pinte. Sextarius, a measure for liquids and dry things; the sixth part of a congius; a pinte and a halfe; 24 ounces, or in some accounts 18 or 20 ounces. Congius, a kinde of measure containing six sextaries; a gallon and a pinte." F. D. Nottingham. AUTHORS AND QUOTATIONS WANTED.— "The Avon to the Severn runs, The Severn to the sea; And Wickliffe's dust shall spread abroad, The idea is similar to that of Wordsworth's sonnet on Who is the author of the song beginning- In a cheap copy of Irish songs the words are accredited to Christopher North, but I believe erroneously. C. CUTHBERT. The following inscription is scratched on a pane of glass in the York (quondam Stork) Hotel, Bristol:"Non murmura vestra columbæ, Brachia non hederæ, non vincunt oscula concha. 1777." J. H. T. H. "A broken-hearted girl With a brow of spotless pearl." "Fiat justitia, ruat cœlum." JOHN BOWER. F. J. T. [See "N. & Q.," 4th S. i. 94; ix. 433. The Guardian of this week says:-"The famous saying, Fiat justitia, ruat cœlum, has more than once formed the subject of controversy; but it has usually been ascribed to the great Lord Mansfield. But some such proverb was in existence long before his time, and it is difficult to believe that he had not heard it. Among the Egerton papers published in 1840 by the Camden Society is an address from an imprisoned peer, whose name has not been preserved, to the Lords of the Privy Council, which must have been written about the year 1553, and probably from the Tower. It contains the following sentence: And thearfore the zeale of hym was allowed that said, Fiat Justicia, ruat mundus, signifying that by it the worlde is keapt from falling in dede, although it might seeme otherwise in some respectes, and some troble to arise in doing it.""] "Our thoughts we live again in them, "Pro his oro quoque, J. D. C. T. D. H. "Suaviter in modo, fortiter in re." "Mors sceptra ligonibus æquat." P. J. F. GANTILLON. "Sad it is to be weak, And sadder to be wrong, But if the strong God's statutes break, 'Tis saddest to be strong." "Oh! dark the soul that lives content And dare not climb the mystic height, Notices to Correspondents. WORKS on TOBACCO, SNUFF, &c.—Book sellers having Books on Tobacco, Snuff, &e, or Magazines, Journals, or Newspapers containing articles on the subject, are invited to report such to the office of COPE'S TOBACCO PLANT, 10, Lord THE following correspondents are requested to forward their names and addresses, not necessarily for publication, Nelson Street, Liverpool. but as a guarantee of good faith-J., Glasgow ("The Tall Pinta," &c.); A. M. (“Antonius Trist "); D. C. L. <Brighton); S. W. T. ("The Paterini "); S. G., or C. (New Club, Cheltenham). J-Bailey's Dictionary gives "Wayz, a bundle of straw.' Wayzgoose, a stubble-goose, an entertainment given to journeymen at the beginning of winter." A CORRESPONDENT asks, "Who wrote, and where can I find a copy of, The Victim of Avarice?" OTTO (5th S. iv. 128.)-M. VAN EYS writes:-"I am unable to answer the question at present, but will endeavour to do so when I return to England next spring." SNEYD, NOEL, AND ADDERLEY FAMILIES (5th S. iv. 288.) -MR. W. S. RALEIGH, Springfields, Newcastle. Staff., writes that he can give TEWARS the information he asks as to the above, if he will state for what purpose he desires to obtain it. C. M.-"I would rather feel compunction than know NOTICE.-BIBLICAL LITERATURE. MESSRS. BAGSTER'S CATALOGUE. Illustrated with Specimen Pages. By post, free. THE LANCASHIRE Will be published in November, in fcap. 4to. 443 pages, LIBRARY: a Bibliographical Account of Books on Topography, Biography, History, Science, and Miscellaneous Literature relating to the County Palatiue, including an account of Lancashire Tracts. Pamphlets, and Sermous, Critical and Biographical Notes on the Books and Authors printed before the Year 1720 With Collations, and Bibliographical, Liut -Col. HENRY FISHWICK. F.S.A. Author of The History of the Parochial Chaplery of Goosnargh." The History of the Parish of Kirkham," &c. Price 258 small paper, of which only 350 will be printed; 358. large paper, of which only 150 will be printed. London: GEORGE ROUTLEDGE & SONS. Warrington: PERCIVAL PEARSE. HE how to define it." See chap. i. Of the Imitation of TH Christ in the Library of Spiritual Works for English Catholics (Rivingtons). A STUDENT.-To what does "Knights Templars" refer? Please give precise reference. F. M. W. PEACOCK (Bottesford Manor, Brigg) writes:— "The best introduction (ante, p. 320) to the study of insects I know is Edward Newman's Familiar Introduction to the History of Insects, 1841." R. W. M.-Any English grammar will give the information required. It is optional with regard to the word named. LOWNDES (5 S. iv. 308.)-OLPHAR HAMST writes:"Let A. J. refer to N. & Q.,' 5th S. i. 437.” H. T. E.; D. T. Batty; W. H. P.; W. WHITELEGGE.— Forwarded. QUARTERLY By REVIEW, No. 278, is PUBLISHED THIS DAY. I. MEMOIRS of SAINT-SIMON, III. WILLIAM BORLASE, ST. AUBIN, and POPE. V. ICELANDIC ILLUSTRATIONS of ENGLISH. VIII. CENSUS of ENGLAND and WALES. X. NOTE to the ARTICLE on "CHURCH LAW and CHURCH JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street. SOCIETY Sir GEORGE DUCKETT. Bart., Weald Manor House, Bampton, Oxen JAMES MADEN HOLT, Esq, M.P., Southwell Gardens. London, S. W. The object of the Society is a Law for the Total Suppression of Vivisection, or putting "animals to death by torture, under any pretext whatever. To call on the Legislature for less would be to admit the principle (and thereby perpetuate the enormity) that man is justified in selfishly inflicting agony on the innoceut. Opponents of the slave trade agitated not for restriction but abolition. The wrongs perpetrated by man on "animals" are even more dire than those inflicted by him on his own species. The abolition of slavery was confessedly an act of high Christian philanthropy, and surely it is no less noble or less Christian to stop the sufferings of other helpless creatures of our God. The hideous cruelty of dissecting living "animals," or inflicting on them, though innocent and defenceless, multitudinous deaths of excruciating and protracted agony, has secretly grown up in this nation -a nation which for ages past has been nobly distinguished by the courageous and unsanguinary character of its people. This moral ulcer has spread widely, and (whether it be or not a dreadful form of insanity become dangerous and demoralizing to Society-a blot on Civilization-a stigma on Christianity. The public has little idea what the horrors of Vivisection are: its crimes in studied, ingenious, refined, and appalling torture, in wantonness uselessness, and wickedness, cannot be surpassed in the anuals of the world. It therefore calls for extirpation by the Legislature, cruelty mankind, more especially when perpetrated by educated. NOTICE.-E. J. FRANCIS & CO. Printing being not only the worst of vices in itself, but the moshe refined and Wine Office Court. E. C., and Took's Court. E.C., are prepared to submit ESTIMATES and enter into CONTRACTS for LETTER-PRESS PRINTING and LITHOGRAPHY. The Nation is APPEALED to for immediate AID and SUBSCRIPTIONS. now urgently needed. to obtain Evidence for the ROYAL RESTORATIONS made of WORKS of ART of tions of the Associations an Office in London, and extend the opera every description by First-class Workmen on Reasonable Terms; Old China, Antique Clocks, Ivories, Ormolu. Bronzes, Paintings, Miniatures, Engravings, Fans, &c.; Picture Frames made and regilded, and Valuations given. ALFRED LANG, 114, Wardour Street, Soho, W. to Subscriptions may be paid to the National Provincial Bank of Eng- |