INDE X. Page Page ARMY AND NAVY. Power of raising and equipping 154 Necessity and extent of power 156 Restrictions on the states re- upon Congress 157 . ARSENALS AND FORTS. See LOCAL JURISDICTION. ARTS (USEFUL). See SCIENCE. ATTAINDER. See BILLS OF ATTAINDER. AUTHORS AND INVERTORS. See SCIENCE AUXILIARY Powers. Power to make laws “neces. . 104 | sary and proper" to execute other powers . . . 305 . 123-130 Foundation and meaning of it ib. how punishable , . . 195 See PowerS OF GOVERNMENT. BANK. BANKRUPTCY. ib. Power to establish uniform sys- Why vested in National Gov: 26. Object of bankrupt laws vent laws Bankruptcy defined. To what persons confined ib. from contracts, except in cer- tain cases . . . . 238 force . and of sending their rights, 195 See . "cases confined log Page 1 Pas COMMERCE. b. eign nations. . Its nature and necessity. To what it extends. . : . ib. Judicial construction of it gation within a state.. How far it authorizes sale of imported articles . . States, how far restricted from preventing such sale Extends incidentally to other and what objects. Applied to protection of domes- tic industry .. . .. . : To prohibition of slave-trade 208 Power of regulating commerce among the states . . . 211 Its general objects and extent How far restricted . . . 213 What commerce reserved t states . . When power of Congress may . . 141 be exercised within a state 21 Judicial construction of this power. Applied to incidental objects : ib. Restrictions on states . . ib. trade How vested and interpreted . Extent of its operation . . Trade and intercourse with In- dians by individuals, how re strained . . . . . ib. See INDIAN TRIBES. Common ARBITER. See JUDICIAL POWER, SUPREME COURT, &c. COMMON LAW. onies . . . Regulated relative rights of col- onists . lic justice . How far adopted by states Basis of their laws erence to its validity . tates Page Page Its existence presupposed by How to be examined Constitution of U. S. . . 52 CONSTITUTIONAL Law defined 42 CONSTITUTIONS (STATE). Foundations, how laid . . Source of their authority . On what principle founded . ib. Powers of Government, how vested and distributed by them . . . . 49 Former civil and municipal in- stitutions, how far retained 50 Natural and moral rights se- cured . . . . 31 STATES, &c. By whom appointed . . 104 and be sued or prosecuted 128-9 See JUDICIAL POWER. CONTRACTS. COPY-RIGHT. See SCIENCE. CORPORATIONS. Grants, of irrevocable . . 262 Are Contracts within the mean- ing and protection of the Con- stitution Creation of, incident to sover . eignty ib. . . . . . Nature and extent of power il See AUXILIARY POWERS, LAWS IMPAIRING CONTRACTS, &c. 44 COUNTERFEITING. Power of punishing . . . 227 To what objects it extends . ib Nature and necessity of power ib See POWERS OF GOVERNMENT. Courts. See IMPEACHMENTS, JUDICIAL POWER, CIRCUIT COURTS, DISTRICT COURTS, STATE COURTS, and MAGISTRATES, and SUPREME COURT. DEBTS. See TENDER LAWS. 55 I See INDEPENDENCE. 258 How far admitted by State Con ** :* ". 233 Page 1 Objects of this department Extent of discretionary power 82 Obligation to obey and enforce laws . . . . Requisite qualities. Power apportioned to it. . 84 Advantage of its unity . . ib. Evils of its division or plurality 85 How vested by Constitution of U.S. . . . . . See PRESIDENT OF U.S. EXPATRIATION. Right of, denied by English law How regarded by writers, on public law stitutions How far settled in Courts of U.S. - See NATURALIZATION, &c. Ex POST FACTO LAWS. Prohibited to states Definition and meaning, .ib . FELONIES (ON THE SEA). Power to define and punish . 191 To what extent declared piracy, Power, how far exclusive 194 FLEETS. GOVERNMENT, and TAXA See Army AND Navy. FORTS, See LOCAL JURISDICTION GOVERNMENT. Different forms of . How far distinct Separate departments Provincial governments, See CONSTITUTION OF U.S., POWERS OF GOVERNMENT, STATE GOVERNMENTS. GUARANTEES. Nature, terms, and effect of the guarantees to the states 265 176 To what exten 301 Page Page 5 See POWERS OF GOVERNMENT, TAXATION, AND TAXES. INDEPENDENCE. Effect of its declaration As to persons born previously 231 As to citizenship . . . ib. INDIAN TRIBES. Intercourse with, regulated .215 What relations acknowledged 216 U.S., how considered . . 217 How distinguished from “for- eign nations" . . . ib. Relations with European dis- coverers, how determined . 219 by U.S. Practical results . : : 220 laws . . . . ib. Their territory, how regarded ib. . 72 See COMMERCE, JUDICIAL POWER &c. INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS. for, claimed under what pow- er. How far admitted See COMMERCE, POSTOFFICES, AND POSTROADS, &c. INTERPRETATION OF CONSTITU- TION. Right of interpreting Constitu- tion, where vested Final interpreter provided : SUPREME COURT, SUPREME LAW. JUDICIAL POWER. . 110 Effect of its omission 111 How far it partakes of legisla- tive power . . . . Objects of this department . ib. Coextensive with legislative power. reason and necessity of 300 How vested |