The Struggle for Supremacy in the Baltic, 1600-1725

able administration affairs alliance allies army attack Augustus Baltic became become Brandenburg Charles IX Charles XII Christian command completely Crown Czar Danes Danish death defeated demands Denmark dependent despite developed domination Duke Dutch early East economic Elector Emperor Empire enemies England established Estates Europe face fact feared finally Finland fleet force foreign France Frederick William further gained George Germany Gustavus Adolphus hands History hope important increased industry internal John King land later Livonia London lost March military Moreover naval navy needed nobles northern officers once particular peace period Peter Poland Polish political Pomerania position Protestant provinces reform reign remained rest result river Russia Saxons schemes seemed serious seventeenth century ships situation soon Sound strength struggle success supplies Sweden Swedish territory tion took trade Treaty troops University western